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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence) Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence)
Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence)
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1
What is retroactive interference?
When someone forgets events after their accident
interference where new information blocks old information
interference where old information blocks new information
When someone forgets events before their accident
2
What is declarative memory?
identification of a thing or person from previous encounters or knowledge
type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
symptom of memory disorders which made-up stories fill any gaps in memory
conscious recollection of particular facts and events (type of LTM)
3
What are the the stages of the memory processes?
encoding, saving, analyzing
analyzing, storing, retrieval
retrieving, analyzing, sensing
encoding, storage, retrieval
4
Who was the founder of multiple intelligence?
Gardner
Freud
Binet
Sternberg
5
An example of semantic memory would be... (semantics, semantics)
Katy remembers what she had for lunch.
Tim can shoot a basketball with his motor skills.
Michael remembers the names of cities, colors, foods.
Mrs. Miller recalls details of her 1st kiss!
6
The effect that misleading details can effect a persons memory
Source Amnesia
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Encoding Failure
Misinformation effect
7
What is an echoic memory?
A visual sensory memory
A memory brought up by a feeling
An auditory memory
A repressed memory
8
Which of these are NOT a type of intelligence?
General intelligence
Fluid intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
Ability intelligence
9
Representativeness Heuristic
previous belief
can create or sustain stereotypes
something available
problem solving method
10
Proactive interference occurs when?
Memories are inaccessible
Past learning interferes with current learning
Past learning is forgotten
Current learning interferes with past learning
11
What is state-dependent memory?
Only being able to encode certain memories in a certain mood
Memories that are the opposite of the mood you're in
Tendency to recall experiences that go with your mood
Memories that make you feel a certain way
12
g factor general intelligence?
Lewis Terman
Charles Spearman
Howard Garder
Robert Sternberg
13
What is an example of retroactive interference?
You try to remember a new password but only remember the old
You try to remember a new friend but only remember an old one
You try to remember a new address but only remember the old
You try to remember an old password but only remember the new
14
How many phonemes does TOE have?
6
8
4
2
15
Characteristics of savant syndrome MOST directly suggest that intelligence is
culturally constructed concept
diverse set of distinct abilities
accurately measured by general intelligence : G factor
largely unpredictable & unmeasurable
16
If you have retrograde amnesia you cannot remember...
Your implicit memories
Your present experiences
Your past experiences
Your explicit memories
17
Which of the following was the first scale to measure intelligence?
The IQ test (William Stern)
Fluid intelligence scale
Wechsler Adults Intelligence scale
The Binet-Simon scale (Alfred Binet, 1905)
18
What are phonemes?
enduring memory associated with a personal signicant
is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged in a sentence
The smallest speech unit in a language that can be distinguished
Memory that stores audio information
19
What is linguistic determinism?
Determining what language is being spoken
Distinguishing between sounds
Sensitive period in childhood language development
Theory that language influences thinking
20
The spacing effect
Effects that happen when in Space
studying over time to yield better long term retention.
A time paradox where space effects how time precedes
memory that takes place when something familiar comes up.
21
A procedural memory is...
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
A memory of an specific life event
A memory of for colors and numbers
A memory of how to do a specific task
22
All of the following are ways to improve your memory
EXCEPT
:
mnemonic device
chunking
repression
repetition
23
This picture is an example of a ______________, a memory aid.
iconic memory
mnemonic
primacy effect
acoustic memory
24
What is damaged with Broca's asphasia?
personality
hearing
understanding of speech
speech production
25
Which is an example of an implicit memory
Describing the taste of a birthday cake
Recalling the name of your JH math teacher
Remembering how to tie your shoelace
Recognizing a celebrity
26
What part of brain does not store memory?
hippocampus
amygdala
hypothalamus
corpus callosum
27
Chunking increases memory efficiency by
decreasing the number of items that must be remembered
visualizing
associating each item with a well-established mental image
mental imagery
28
Semantic memory is
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
Memory of one's personal experiences
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
29
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
environmental factors that influence intelligence
nonessential subjects like art and music
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
30
Crystalized intelligence ____with age while fluid intelligence ___ .
increases, begins to decrease after age 30
decreases, increases
stays the same, increases steadily with age
stays the same, increases
31
Wolfgang Köhler considered a chimpanzee’s sudden solving of a problem evidence of
a mental set
modeling
insight
instinct
32
What is short-term memory?
recovering information from storage
relatively permanent storage
stores small amounts of information for short periods of time
converting memory to be retained
33
What is an example of proactive interference?
You drive to the new pizza place's location instead of the old
You remember a new friend's name instead of an old one
You drive to the old pizza place's location instead of the new
You remember a new phone number instead of the new one
34
Emotional Intelligence
The extent to the strength of your emotions
The ability to recognize their own and other peoples emotion
The ability to control your own emotions
Being artificially, naturally, ingeniously intelligent
35
Which of the following is the best example of framing
Lotion commercial says lotion is 75% all natural
Locked your keys in the car but didn't think to call AAA
Diet Pills not shown to be effective yet still use
Thought you knew the answers yet got a 65% on the test
36
The function of sensory memory is to...
Put information into long-term memory
Hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
Hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
Hold information for a lifetime
37
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
if you could answer all the questions on the test
how well you did in maths
age-related and focused on mental functions
cognitive abilities
38
How many types of intelligence does Gardner propose?
Eight
Three
Five
Two
39
Long Term Memory is
absolute permanent with "unlimited capacity"
relatively permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "limited capacity"
relatiely permanent with "limited capacity"
40
Availability heuristic theory argues that...
More hours spent watching TV = view that crime is high
A person's diet can effect how they view crime
Fear is influenced by how readily we access crime images
Fear is influenced by believe of risk and impact
41
A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.
heuristic
phoneme
algorithm
trial and error
42
Antegrade amnesia is:
Loss of memory of events before injury
Loss of memory of events after injury
Unable to recall own name
Loss of memory during injury
43
Decision making, problem solving, thinking, cognition, intelligence, comprehension.
Parietal Lobe
Hippocampus
Frontal Lobe
Cerebellum
44
Scotty worked to find the solution to a long-division problem. In solving the problem
convergent thinking
confirmation bias
divergent thinking
framing
45
The Flynn effect is most likely due to improvements in _________________
reaction time
electronic media
test taking strategies
education and nutrition
46
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
Remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
Recalling times tables from 2nd grade
Answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
Telling someone how to tie a shoe
47
Select the most relevant definition for emotional intelligence.
Understanding how to make people upset.
Feeling hungry or thirsty.
Understanding emotions and how they influence behaviours.
Knowing when to cry or laugh.
48
What is a heuristic?
Uncontrollable systematic error in thinking that affect our decision making
Mental shortcuts/rules that allow people to make judgements
A memory store
Something used to identify something based on association with a category
49
The misinformation effect refers to the
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall.
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent mood.
the eerie sense that “I've been in this situation before.”
incorporation of misleading information into memory.
50
What are Morphemes?
The largest component of speech that carries meaning
A component of Speech
No clue
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning
51
How do casinos take advantage of the availability heuristic?
Making it easy to win initially and drawing gamblers in
Emphasizing wins with flashing lights and downplaying losses
Always having a lot of cash on hand in case of a big bet
Having Slot Machines readily available
52
Crystalized intelligence involves...
Reason
Facts
Adaptability
Problem solving
53
How many phonemes does GIRL have?
2
4
3
5
54
Which one is NOT a type of Emotional Intelligence?
Emotional Management
Emotional Reception
Emotional Understanding
Emotional Perception and Expression
55
What is a good representation of functional fixidness
a burrito is good for throwing at you ex-boyfriends car
a planet can rotate only clockwise
a astronauts helmet can not be used as a fish bowl
a rocket is used to go to the moon
56
A flashbulb memory is
Memory of one's personal experiences
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
the processing of information into the memory system
the retention of encoded information over time
57
What is fluid intelligence?
Knowledge of fluid objects
Your ability to solve abstract problems
Your ever changing knowledge
Your use of accumulated knowledge
58
What is the magic number of memory?
3 +/- 5
5 +/- 2
7 +/- 2
4 +/- 2
59
Society's general increase in intelligence due to technology is known as _______.
Down syndrome
Flynn effect
Theories of Intelligence
Savant syndrome
60
Rebuilding your memory of the past is called ?
memory traces
short term memory
Reconstructive memory
Schema Theory
