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Chemistry Pivot Point
Chemistry Pivot Point
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Answers
1
Neutrons have which type of electrical charge
positive
none
negative
chemical
2
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen form the basis of
mixtures
amino acids
elements
compoinds
3
The term used to identify anything that occupies space and has weight is called
gas
organic
matter
solid
4
Which of the following shampoos would NOT be used for chemically treated or damaged hair
non stripping shampoo
acid balanced shampoo
all purpose shampoo
plain shampoo
5
Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water
peptide bonds
van der Waals forces
hydrogen bonds
disulfide bonds
6
Protons have which type of electrical charge
none
positive
negative
neutral
7
An ingredient found in conditioners making hair easier to comb and control static is
amines/quats
hydrogen peroxide
fatty alcohols
dimethicones
8
Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a
neutron
protein
molecule
electron
9
When a solution can't take or dissolve more of the solute than it already holds at a given temperature it is referred to
saturated solution
dilute solution
concentrated solution
solvent solution
10
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed
salt bonds connect to amino acids
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
bonding of protein chains to other protein chains
amino acids cause a simple physical change
11
What does the manufacturer provide that is the best source of specific information about a product
EPA
SDS
USP
FDA
12
Most ingredients for conditioners are proteins derived from
lemon rinses
soft water
animal or vegetable materials
cream rinses
13
Which of the following characteristics identifies a pH balanced shampoo
able to return the hair to neutral 7
contains ingredients to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders
able to return hair to 4.5 to 5.5 pH
has a higher alkalinity in order to remove chlorine
14
A shampoo type generally recommended for clients who are bedridden and cannot wet their hair is known as
soapless shampoo
conditioning shampoo
non-aerosol powder dry shampoo
anti dandruff shampoo
15
How far can healthy hair be stretched without breaking when wet
10%
50%
30%
75%
16
When a solution has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the solution is considered
acidic
positive
negative
neutral
17
Why is it sometimes recommended to add heat during the process when working with conditioners
to loosen the cuticle
to open the cuticle
to strengthen the cuticle
to close the cuticle
18
The bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called
van der Waals forces
side bonds
water bonds
ionic bonds
19
Which element is the most abundant in the earths crust and 2nd in atmosphere
oxygen
carbon
nitrogen
hydrogen
20
When amino acids combine to form a protein of the hair
the hairs amino acid content will decrease
they take on a spiraling configuration
They form a new amino acid group
the hairs amino acid content will increase
21
In the process of making hot cocoa, the dry cocoa represent
solvent
solute
a concentrated solution
a dilute solution
22
Water freezing and becoming ice is an example of what type of change
physical
elemental
chemical
molecular
23
All matter that is now living at one time, with carbon present, falls within the scientific division of
inorganic chemistry
anatomy
organic chemistry
physics
24
Atoms that are the same form a(n)
compound
element
emulsion
mixture
25
Atoms that are different form a(n)
element
emulsion
mixture
compound
26
Matter with definite weight, volume and shape is known as
gas
solid
matter
organic
27
Which shampoo contains temporary molecules that adhere to the outer cuticle of the hair and deposit color
soapless shampoo
color shampoo
all purpose shampoo
acid balanced shampoo
28
A form of silicone used in conditioners that give softness to the feel of hair without weighing it down is known as
dimethicones
hydrogen peroxide
fatty alcohols
amines/quats
29
Which of the following terms means liquids not able to be mixed
immiscible
solution
miscible
solvent
30
Which of the following statements about surfactants is NOT true
prevents shampoo from lathering
contains a hydrophilic molecule
used to remove oil from the hair
contains a lipophilic molecule
31
Amino acids that create proteins are linked together end to end by
side bonds
alkaline bonds
peptide bonds
salt bonds
32
Which conditioner have a vegetable oil base, acidic pH and are not recommended for fine or limp hair
normalizing
instant
body building
moisturizing
33
A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n)
ointment
emulsion
powder
solvent
34
A mixture of secretions from the sebaceous glands and perspiration from the sweat glands is called the
surfactant
acid mantle
active agent
hydrophilic
35
Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are
ointments
solutions
suspensions
emulsions
36
Hair consists of 97%
trace minerals
electrons
protons
keratin
37
A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6
1000
100
1.5
10
38
Cleaning the hair and scalp and removing all foreign matter without adversely affecting either the scalp or hair is
rinsing
relaxing
conditioning
shampooing
39
All matter that is not alive, has never been alive and does not contain carbon, (rocks, water) is the study of
inorganic chemistry
anatomy
organic chemistry
physics
40
The type of rinse used to control minor dandruff and scalp conditions is a
cream rinse
vinegar and lemon rinse
conditioning rinse
medicated rinse
41
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called
solids
molecules
elements
compounds
42
What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional
salt bond
van der Waals forces
hydrogen bond
disulfide bond
43
Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex
moisture conditioner
normalizing conditioner
body-building conditioner
instant conditioner
44
What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid
white
red
green
orange
45
The instructions on a product state to shake well before each use, which indicates the product is a
ointment
suspension
solution
emulsion
46
All of the following statements regarding pH are true except
pH is a measure that indicates if a substance is acid, neutral or alkaline
vales below 7 indicate more alkalinity
7 indicates neutral substances
values below 7 indicate more acidity
47
Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified, fall under which cosmetic classification
soaps
powders
ointments
suspensions
48
Matter with definite weight but indefinite volume and shape is called
liquid
gas
organic
solid
49
Which of the following shampoo types is designed to treat scalp and hair problems
anti-dandruff shampoo
powder dry shampoo
color shampoo
medicated shampoo
50
Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered
an acid
salt
an alkali
neutral
51
Which of the following items have definite weight and volume but no shape
hair
ice cube
conditions, solutions and shampoos
oxygen
52
Electrons have which type of electrical charge
neutral
positive
negative
none
53
Which of the following cosmetic classifications represents a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed
ointment
solution
suspension
emulsion
54
The most accurate method of measuring pH is with
indicator liquid
indicator paper
pH meter
pH paper
55
The atomic number of a particular element indicates
the number of neutrons in a single atom
the number of electrons in a single atom
the number of atoms in a single element
the number of protons in a single atom
56
Calamine lotion would fall under which cosmetic classification
emulsion
suspension
solution
ointment
57
The oil loving part of a surface active agent is called
hydrophilic
lipophilic
emulsifier
surfactant
58
Mixtures of two or more kinds of molecules having a tendency to separate are known as
ointments
solutions
emulsions
suspensions
59
Which of the following actions is NOT an example of a physical change
performing a thermal style
iron changing to rust
performing a haircut
shattering a piece of glass
60
Why is chlorine added to the water purification process
to add minerals
to kill bacteria
to add lather
to add blue color
61
An acid rinse (pH of 2-3)designed to dissolve soap scum, untangle and separate hair and add sheen is a
conditioner
vinegar rinse
medicated rinse
cream rinse
62
Shampoo containing additives to improve tensile strength, elasticity and porosity of the hair is
conditioning shampoo
liquid dry shampoo
color shampoo
powder dry shampoo
63
on the pH scale, numbers less than 7 indicate an
acidic solution
chemical solution
alkaline solution
neutral solution
64
Stretching the hair and having it return to its natural shape without breaking is associated with the hair's
texture
porosity
manageability
elasticity
65
Which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are generally used in the cosmetology industry
water-in-oil emulsion
deodorant
oil-in-water emulsion
loose particles
66
Active ingredient in a rinse such as benzalkonium chloride, lauryl bromide and polysorbate leave the hair feeeling
tangled
limp
lustrous and manageable
dull and rough
67
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals refers to the hair's
elasticity
porosity
texture
manageability
68
in what pH range is the skin and hair
11.5 to 12
6.5 to 7.0
7.5 to 8.5
4.5 to 5.5
69
What is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance
hydrophilic
filtration
emulsion
sedimentation
70
Atoms have three main parts: protons, neutrons and
neutrons
electrons
elements
compounds
71
An example of an oil-in-water emulsion is
styling lotion
perm solution
lipstick
blush
72
What is used for hair that has been damaged by strong alkaline shampoos chemicals or heat styling
conditioner
vinegar rinse
medicated rinse
cream rinse
73
Which of the following descriptions identifies shampoos for thinning hair
able to add weight to hair
do not cause damage or weigh the hair down
obtained with a prescription
usually strong and contain a high alkaline or soap base
74
What color does red litmus paper turn when placed in an alkali solution
orange
green
blue
white
75
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
linking together of protein groups
amino acids cause a simple physical change
salt bonds connect to amino acids
76
A conditioner ingredient that gives dry hair a smooth feel and makes hair easier to comb is
dimethicones
fatty alcohols
amines/quats
hydrogen peroxide
77
Hair comprises two solids which are carbon and sulfur and three gases which are hydrogen, nitrogen and
propane
neon
oxygen
helium
78
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is a water molecule, which is an
atom
element
compound
mixture
79
Acids tend to taste
bitter
sour
sweet
salty