what is the evidence of the background radition in the big bang theory

red shift of distance galaxies "red apples away"

Evidence of sea floor spreading:

older rock found farther from mid ocean ridge, Reversal of magnetic polarity;, younger rock found at mid ocean ridge

two problems with wegeners theory

how did continents move?, were they still moving?

Mountain ranges, Rock types (South America and Southern Africa)

What are some examples of luster

Metallic (shiny, looks like metal), (may be described as dull, pearly, greasy, earthy, clear), non metallic (no metallic shine;)

hydrogen to helium (H + H), to heat and energy

Moh's scale of hardness means?

softest (talc, #1) to hardest (diamond, #10), ranks minerals from softest to hardest,

what defines parallel coastlines?

edges of continental shelves, shapes of coasts fit almost like a puzzle

What are some evidence of plate tectonic:

rock, mineral, fossil correlation, Continents fit like a puzzle;

method used to map bottom of ocean floor, speed and sound of radar waves determine depth of floor

what are some common fossils?

Fossil reptiles from Carbonaceous period identical in Europe, Fossil reptiles from Carbonaceous period identical in NA, identical land animals found in southern Africa + SA

what are the properties of minerals

Color, streak, luster, hardness, breakage, other physical or chemical properties

what defines color in minerals

many minerals share the same color;, least useful or reliable property;, some minerals come in a variety of colors (ex: quartz)

mineral breaks along smooth, even, flat planes

what is the evidence of revolution

changing constellations each season

what are the supporting evidence for continental drift?

parallel coastlines, common fossils, and common geology

what is the coriolis effect

deflects to the right (n. hem.)

scientists infer earth's properties from what

earthquakes (seismic data) and meteorites

what is the continental drift

sometimes they collide or break into pieces, contnients drift slowly across earth, original large continent called "Pangaea"

What does luster mean

The way light is reflected off mineral surface

the lower the sun, the longer the

shadow; noon shadow in NY points North

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earth science regents review

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Questions 75

Answers

1
Equator = no seasons = always has 12 hours of what
darkness
daylight
2
How old is the universe
20 billion years old
14 billion years old
100 years old
16 billion years
3
What is the date and vertical ray of spring equinox?
March 21 - Equator - 0
March 21 - Tropic of Capricorn - 0
September 23 - Equator - 0
June 21 - Tropic of Cancer - 23 1/2 degrees North
4
What waves travel through solids only
Both waves
None
S waves
P waves
5
Halite
random breaks
"Glows" under black light
Tastes salty
reacts with hydrochloric acid
6
what does red shift mean
moving toward
the longer the shadow
the lower the sun
moving away
7
what is the evidence of the background radition in the big bang theory
blue shift of distant galaxies
blue apples come close
red shift of distance galaxies "red apples away"
blue apples away
8
Evidence of sea floor spreading:
older rock found farther from mid ocean ridge
Reversal of magnetic polarity;
contients fit like a puzzle
younger rock found at mid ocean ridge
9
two problems with wegeners theory
are fossils in South America?
how did continents move?
were they still moving?
10
Common Geology
identical land animals
Mountain ranges
fossil reptiles
Rock types (South America and Southern Africa)
11
What are some examples of luster
Metallic (shiny, looks like metal)
rubbing sample against a streak plate
(may be described as dull, pearly, greasy, earthy, clear)
non metallic (no metallic shine;)
12
earth revolves counterclockwise
one year, 4 degrees per day
1 year, 2 degree per day
one year, 1 degree per day
2 years, 8 degrees per day
13
nuclear fusion
hydrogen to helium (H + H), to heat and energy
radiation to helium
radiation to hydrogen
hydrogen to radiation
14
What are the coldest months?
January/February
November/December
December/January
Feburary/December
15
Moh's scale of hardness means?
softest (talc, #1) to hardest (diamond, #10)
hardest (talc, #1) to softest (diamond, #10)
ranks minerals from softest to hardest,
the true color of a mineral's powder
16
what are the two types of breakage?
penny and fingernails
magnetism and florescenece
cleavage and fracture
calcite and halite
17
what defines parallel coastlines?
mountain ranges
edges of continental shelves
shapes of coasts fit almost like a puzzle
continents drift slowly across earth
18
What are some evidence of plate tectonic:
mid ocean ridges
rock, mineral, fossil correlation
Continents fit like a puzzle;
Reveral of magnetic polarity
19
what does heliocentric mean
center of the galaxy
sun center
moon center
earth center
20
a harder mineral
can scracth a softer mineral
can't scratch as good as a softer mineral
is useless
can't scracth a softer mineral
21
Convection currents due to density differences in the mantle move what
S waves
Sea floor spreading
P waves
the plates
22
how long does it take the moon to make one complete lunar cycle (new moon to new moon)
29.5 days
27.3 days
30 months
23.6 days
23
echo sounding
identical land animals
method used to map bottom of ocean floor
rock types
speed and sound of radar waves determine depth of floor
24
what are some common fossils?
no one knows
Fossil reptiles from Carbonaceous period identical in Europe
Fossil reptiles from Carbonaceous period identical in NA
identical land animals found in southern Africa + SA
25
earth is closer to the sun in the
winter; revolves slower
winter; revolves faster
autumn; revolves faster
spring; revolves faster
26
how long does it take the earth to rotate west to east
1 day, 15 degree/ hr
3 days, 30.1 / hr
4 days, 40 degrees/ hr
2 days, 30 degrees/ hr
27
what are the properties of minerals
Color, streak, luster, hardness, breakage
other physical or chemical properties
Magnesium
oxygen
28
how long does it take the moon to make a complete revolution around earth
29.5 days
3 years
20 days
27.3 days
29
fracture
rough, even, flat planes
smooth, even, flat planes
uneven, rough, random breaks
smooth, uneven, flat planes
30
what defines color in minerals
many minerals share the same color;
least useful or reliable property;
some minerals come in a variety of colors (ex: quartz)
The true color of a minerals powder
31
all celestial objects on earth appear to move from
east to the west
north to south
north to the west
west to east
32
cleavage
minerals show up uneven, rough, random breaks
smooth, uneven, random breaks
uneven, rough, flat planes
mineral breaks along smooth, even, flat planes
33
what is the evidence of revolution
changing constellations every decade
changing constellations each season
changing constellations each day
changing constellations every year
34
what are the supporting evidence for continental drift?
parallel coastlines, common fossils, and common geology
echo sounding, sea floor spreading, and mid ocean ridges
35
What is the sun rise, sun set, and day length of Autumn Equinox?
East - West - 12 hours
North - South - 12 hours
West - East - 12 hours
South - North - 12 hours
36
what is the coriolis effect
deflects to the right (n. hem.)
deflects to the left (s. hem.)
counterclockwise rotation
a 356 day revolution
37
scientists infer earth's properties from what
earthquakes (seismic data) and meteorites
mountains form by uplift, folding, and faulting
earthquakes and volcanoes
sea floor spreading
38
What are divergent plates + where new crust is created
unknown
Mid ocean ridges
nowhere
Trenches
39
what is the Foucault pendulum
fixes direction of swing
revolves faster
deflects to the n hem.
changes direction of swing
40
What is the sun rise, sun set, and day length of Winter Solstice?
North - South - Shortest
South - North - 12 hours
S of E - S of W - Shortest
West - East - Longest
41
what is the continental drift
edges of continental shelves
sometimes they collide or break into pieces
contnients drift slowly across earth
original large continent called "Pangaea"
42
What are subduction zones where crust is destroyed
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Trenches
Mid ocean ridges
43
What is the coldest time of the day?
In the morning
Around sunrise
around night time
44
tilt of earth - N pole toward Sun = what season
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
45
What does luster mean
least useful or reliable property
The way light is reflected off mineral surface
the true color of a mineral's powder
mineral's resistance to be scratched
46
our solar system is
4.8 bya
4.2 bya
3.6 bya
4.6 bya
47
the lower the sun, the longer the
light; noon light in NY points south
shadow; noon shadow in NY points North
shadow; noon shadows in NY points south
light; noon light in NY points north
48
What is the date, and vertical ray of autumn equinox?
September - Tropic of Cancer - 23 1/2 degrees North
December 21 - Tropic of Capricorn - 23 1/2 degrees South
September 23 - Equator - 0
September - Equator - 23 1/2 degrees South
49
True or false: S waves are faster than P waves
False
True
50
Magnetism is also known as
Cleavage
Calcite
Florescence
Magnetite
51
Mountains form by what
faulting and volcanoes
rocks and minerals
Earthquake and volcanoes
Uplift, folding, and faulting
52
what is the geocentric
moon center
earth center
center of the galaxy
sun center
53
What are the hottest months?
January/February
July/August
May/June
August/September
54
What do you use to determine hardness?
Fingernail, penny, nail and glass
tasting, magnetism, and florescene
you can't determine hardness or softness
You can only determine softness
55
what are in stars?
co2
oxygen
color, temp, and luminosity
gravity
56
What is the sun rise, sun set and day length of Summer Solstice?
East - South - 12 hours
N or E - N of W - Longest
East - West - 12 hours
S of E - S of W - Shortest
57
What does streak mean?
the way light is reflected off mineral surface
least useful or reliable property
rub sample against a streak (porcelain) plate
the "true" color of a mineral's powder; very reliable
58
Florescence
halite - will taste salty
is shown, uneven, rough, and randomly breaks
Fizzes with hydrochloric acid
Some minerals "glow" under black light
59
What does hardness mean
least useful or reliable property
tough
Mineral's resistance to being scratched
naturally occuring solid
60
A mineral is what
Has molecular structure
was never alive, substance that has own chemical composition
something that creates elements
Naturally occurring (not man - made), solid, inorganic
61
What is the date and vertical ray of Winter Solstice?
December 21 - Tropic of Cancer - 23 1/2 degrees North
December 21 - Tropic of Capricorn - 23 1/2 degrees South
December 21 - Equator - 0
Spring Equinox - Tropic of Capricorn - 0
62
what direction does earth rotate from
earth rotates west to east,
north to south
south to north
east to west
63
What usually occurs along plate boundaries?
older rocks found farther from mid ocean ridge
nothing
Earthquakes and volcanoes
reverals of magnetic polarity
64
scientists found _____ (_______) and _________ (______) just like on the continents
valleys (trenches)
radar waves
fossils
mountains (ridges)
65
What is the hottest time of the day?
12 PM / 1 PM
1 PM/ 2 PM
2 PM / 3PM
3 PM/ 4 PM
66
what are other physical or chemical properties?
magnetism (magnetite), florescence -minerals glow under dark
testing - halite (salt) will taste salty
calcite reacts (bubbles/fizzes) with hydrochloric acid, (AT)
Oxygen
67
what is the order of how the universe began?
planets, universe, stars, and galaxy
universe, galaxy, planets, and stars
galaxy, universe, stars, and planets
universe, galaxy, stars, and planets
68
Elements to...
Rocks to carbon dioxide
Rocks to oxygen
Rocks to Minerals
Minerals to Rocks
69
The solid crust/ earth / lithosphere is made up of what
rocks and minerals
oxygen and carbon dioxide
minerals and fossils
dust and seeds
70
Calcite
"glows" under black light
(Bubbles/fizzes) with hdrochloric acid (acid test)
Tastes salty
is shown uneven
71
What is the sun rise, sun set, and day length of Spring Equinox?
West - North - 13 hours
North - West - 12 Hours
East - West - 12 hours
West - East - 14 hours
72
scientists found mountains and valleys just like on continents led to the theory of what
echo sounding
parallel coastlines
sea floor spreading
mid ocean ridges and trenches
73
What is the date and vertical ray of Summer solstice
March 21 - Equator - 0
June 21 - Tropic of Capricorn - 23 1/2 degrees South
June 21 - Tropic of Cancer - 23 1/2 degrees North
September 23 - Equator - 0
74
mineral's unique special properties are due to
carbon dioxide
Internal arrangement of its atoms
are man made
oxygen
75
elements join chemically to form what
rocks than minerals
oxygen
carbon dioxide
minerals

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