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World History Final Exam Review
World History Final Exam Review
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1
The decline of the Qing dynasty in China throughout the 1800s was hastened by:
An outbreak of the Bubonic Plague
Invasion by the Mongols
A Communist revolution
Meddling by imperialist powers
2
How did Spanish explorers permanently change the cultures of the civilizations they encountered?
Spanish leaders adopted the religious beliefs of the Aztecs
Indigenous populations were devastated by European diseases
European trade centers were expanded
3
How did European exploration of the Americas most affect the Inca and Aztec empires?
People move inland from coastal locations
It introduced diseases that resulted in a population decline
It encouraged tribal leaders to create alliances
Native relied less on farming
4
How did Hiter’s demands for “lebensraum” relate to the social Darwinist ideology of the Nazi Party?
Hitler wanted to invade France as revenge for the losses suffered in WWI
Hitler believed that Germans were a superior race & deserved to expand
Hitler wanted to recoup territory that Germany lost in the first World War
5
What was one result of the Industrial Revolution?
Regulations for a safe working environment slowed production
Subsistence farming increased
Manufacturing industries created a demand for urban laborers
Cottage industries were established
6
In a socialist society, who controls the factories?
All of the workers who collectively share in its benefit
Private owners
The leader of the state
7
The US policy of “containment” during the Cold War was aimed at:
Rebuilding Europe like American capitalist democracy
Limiting the growth of nuclear weapons
Preventing the spread of deadly diseases
Stopping the spread of Communism
8
Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks are credited for the founding of what former world power?
Yugoslavia
The Soviet Union
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
9
What controversial practice by the Catholic Church caused Martin Luther to post his 95 Theses?
The sale of indulgences
The translation of the Bible into vernacular languages
The destruction of Catholic relics across Europe
10
What best describes 19th c. European colonialism in Africa?
Native populations accepted democratic government reforms
Industrial nations competed for control of natural resources
Large standing armies were needed to maintain public order
Religious organizations were required to respect local customs
11
What 2 commodities dominated trade in West Africa during the Middle Ages?
Spices and silk
Iron and spices
Gold and salt
12
What characteristic made serfs in Europe different from other peasants?
Serfs were bound to the land & forced to work for the lord who owned it
Serfs generally made a higher income than peasants
Serfs were free to move from place to place
13
What is Absolutism?
prejudice and hostility towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
European empires competed for control of territory across the world.
monarch should maintain total control over kingdom. Divine right of kings
14
What happened to Germany following World War II?
It split into over 300 smaller states
It was forced to accept blame for the war
It was divided into 4 zones
15
Why were the combined claims of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galilei upsetting to the Catholic Church?
They questioned narratives ofthe Bible
They questioned the authority of the Pope
They did not believe in God
16
What does temporary structures (igloos & tepees) reveal about the lifestyles of native groups?
They were merchant tribes who carried trade between groups
They practiced a semi-nomadic lifestyle based on hunting wild animals
They based their societies on the use of settled agriculture
They did not have the knowledge to build stronger structures
17
What was the Berlin Conference?
Movement of plants, animals, people, diseases, & more between Afro-Eurasia
uprising by Vladimir Lenin. Rebuild the gov't to form USSR
Meeting of major Euro powers. Talks to divide and colonize Africa
18
Above all else, what did the Spanish hope to find in the Americas?
Land to cultivate
Trade routes to Asia
precious metals like gold
19
How did Europeans get African slaves during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
They kidnapped Africans from coastal villages
They sent armies into African kingdoms to capture people
They traded luxury goods with Africans in exchange for slaves
20
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
Decree by king Henry of Navarre ended the French Wars of Religion
“great charter” between King John of England & his nobles in 1215
1st French constitution during Rev. gave specific freedoms to the people
21
In the 19th century the Chinese confronted Great Britain over the import of what damaging product to China?
Opium
Rice
Coffee
22
Nazi Germany’s Nuremberg Laws were created to deny citizenship to:
Immigrants
Jews
Clergy
Communists
23
Why did the religion of Islam eventually split into 2 sects?
People disagreed on which rules and rituals were most important
Different cultures emerged
They disagreed on who should lead the religion
24
How did the Black Death spread to Europe?
It was brought into Europe by Mongol armies from Poland
It was brought across the Mediterranean from trans-Saharan trade
Climate change resulted in plague-infected rats migrating into Europe
Italian merchants from the Black Sea brought it back to Italy by ship
25
Which statement about the Renaissance is
true
?
It impacted all people across Europe, especially the peasants
It was a short event, occurring rapidly across Europe
It started in France after its victory in the Hundred Years’ War
Europe rediscovered ancient Greek & Roman, ideas, art, & culture
26
What was the Magna Carta?
Ended French Wars of Religion. Made Catholicism official religion in France
“great charter” king was no longer above the law, but bound to it
1st French constitution. Gave people specific freedoms
27
What holy city formed the epicenter of the Crusades during the Middle Ages?
Constantinople
Mecca
Jerusalem
Rome
28
How did events like the Black Death & the Great Schism affect the power of the Catholic Church in Europe?
Christianity split between Roman and Byzantine catholics
The Church lost much of its political power and spiritual authority
The pope was democratically elected
The Church emerged as the dominant force of Christianity
29
How were Luther’s ideas able to spread so quickly around Europe during the Protestant Reformation?
Support from emperor Charles V
The printing press allowed for easy copying & shared in many languages
The Holy Roman Empire was tightly united
Luther spoke many languages and traveled around Europe preaching
30
Who was Mansa Musa?
A Middle Ages West African king of Mali. Gold and salt trade
A 17th Century English philosopher. Came up with “natural rights”
German monk. Wrote “95 Theses”. Incite the Protestant Reformation in Europe
31
Indians stopped buying British goods as a protest against British rule. Why did they use this strategy?
To limit British control of India’s domestic politics
It was less profitable for the UK to exploit India through colonial trade
To stop the British from establishing a monopoly in the cotton industry
32
How can the Islamic world be seen as a “preserver of knowledge”?
They collected & translated ancient Greek & Roman texts
Renaissance scholars commonly studied in Muslim libraries
Muslims destroyed libraries and temples in the European cities
Muslim scholars were commonly employed in European universities
33
The bombing of the USS Cole & the September 11th attacks by Al-Qaeda are modern examples of:
Conventional warfare
Terrorism
Cyber warfare
Espionage
34
What is a characteristic of the divine right of kings?
Monarchs listen to parliament
The clergy make government decision
The monarch derives authority from God
Parliamentary representatives share power
35
Free trade, private ownership, and using money for investment led what economic system in medieval Europe?
Feudalism
Manorialism
Capitalism
36
1500s - 1880s, the bulk of production on European sugar plantations in the Americas was accomplished by:
Slaves imported from Africa
Native American labor
Feudal serfs
37
Why was the creation of the state of Israel seen as controversial to some today?
They did not consider the territory disputed between Muslims and Christians
They didn't ask what the Jewish community wanted
Muslim Palestinians already lived there who hoped for the
38
In 1923 German currency lost most of its value, sending the economy into a freefall. This is an example of...
Capitalism
Inflation
Corruption
Intervention
39
Who was Karl Marx
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
Middle Ages West African king. Richest man to ever live
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
40
In 1947, which British colony was divided into 3 pieces between majority Hindu & Muslim regions?
India
South Africa
Vietnam
41
How did Michael Gorbechev’s policies of “Glasnost” (openness) and “Perestroika” (restructuring) impact the Soviet Union?
They limited the production of nuclear weapons
They allowed the nation to more effectively compete with US
Led to unrest & protests, eventually resulting it its collapse
42
How did the invention of the printing press impact the book market & help fuel thought in Renaissance Europe?
They spread quickly, were affordable, in many languages increasing literacy
Books were only printed in Latin
Books were able to be made more detailed and fancier
Many publishers went out of business
43
The Ottoman Empire existed from the 1400s until the end of:
The Napoleonic Wars
World War II
World War I
The Seven Years War
44
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Meeting to discuss the division of Africa
Movement of animals, people, & diseases between Afro-Eurasia & the Americas
Philosophical movement inspired by Sci. Rev. Use reason to improve society
45
Which nation-state was created for displaced Jewish peoples as a homeland after WW2
Kuwait
Israel
Jordan
46
How would the US respond following the September 11th attacks in 2001?
Invade and occupy the nation of Afghanistan for 20 years
Push the forces of Sadaam Hussein out of the country of Kuwait
Invade Iraq to topple the regime of Saddam Hussein
47
What defensive military alliance was created in 1949 between the US, Canada, & W. European nations against the USSR?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
North American Free Trade Agreement
Warsaw Pact
48
Concepts like the “white man’s burden” & Social Darwinism were examples of what truth about “new imperialism”?
Colonies largely benefitted under European rule
Europeans used racism to justify the subjugation of peoples in Africa/Asia
African & Asian nations could not compete with Europe's technology
49
What is feudalism?
In Japan & Europe in Middle Ages. Self-sustaining small-scale societies
leader tries to control every aspect of society. Ex: Nazi Germany
Prejudice towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
50
Divide history into time periods when the country was controlled by a leader from the same family (ex: China)
Oligarchies
Dynasties
Regimes
51
Who was Martin Luther
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
German monk “95 Theses” criticizing Catholic Church. Protestant Reformation
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
52
After World War II, countries of Africa and Asia gained independence from imperial European powers, AKA
Nationalization
Decolonization
Unification
53
How did Renaissance Humanist research help to give rise to the Scientific Revolution?
Italian leaders financed the research of scholars during the revolution
The revolution was spurred by critical analysis of Catholic documents
The discovery & study of ancient Greek & Roman scientific & math works
54
Why did Protestants split into many different groups across Europe?
They set up local groups to govern in different parts of Europe
They disagreed on who should lead Christianity
They had differing interpretations of the Bible
55
What event helped bring World War II to an end in Japan?
The US invasion of Tokyo
The atomic bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
The Battle of Stalingrad
The allied D-Day invasion of Normandy
