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Biology 1H EOC Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology 1H EOC Review
Biology 1H EOC Review
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#biology #iforgottostudysoimadethissoidontfailmyeoc
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1
Which of these is an enzyme?
cellulose
lactose
amylase
nitrogenous base
2
How can you improve the results of an experiment testing fertilizer effectiveness on trees?
try different kinds of fertilizer on the tree
none of the above
conduct the trial more than once to improve accuracy
look for similar studies on trees
3
Asexual reproduction (like in mushrooms, jellyfish, and starfish) results in....
genetically diverse offspring
genetically identical offspring
genetically opposite offspring
genetically similar offspring
4
Why is stem cell research controversial?
there are alternatives to using stem cells in some cases
might lead to cloning, which is another controversial topic
stem cells come from embryos
goes against some religious beliefs/social beliefs
5
Which is a series of membranous tubes and is responsible for protein and lipid production?
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
vesicles
endoplasmic reticulum
6
Which of these macromolecules is made of C, H, O, N, and P?
nucleic acids
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
7
Which of these is a carbohydrate?
cellulose
fatty acids
DNA
enzymes
8
What kind of mutation results in Down Syndrome?
nondisjunction
inversion
deletion
substitution
9
What is the order of protein synthesis?
Translation, Transcription, Protein
Protein, Translation, Transcription
Transcription, Translation, Protein
Transcription, Protein, Translation
10
Which of these macromolecules has the highest caloric value?
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
11
In our peppered moth lab, why did the dark moths survive more than the light on dark trees?
they didn't; light moths survived more than the dark
the birds decided that the light ones were tastier
natural selection lead to the adaptation of the species
the dark moths blended in more than the light moths
12
What is true about sex chromosomes?
men are XY, women are YY
men are Y, women are X
men are XX, women are XY
men are XY, women are XX
13
Which is correct?
A: enzyme, B: active site, C: substrate
A: active site, B: enzyme, C: substrate
A: active site, B: substrate, C: enzyme
A: substrate, B: enzyme, C: active site
14
During which phase of interphase does the cell have
the greatest surface area to volume ratio
?
end of S
end of G1
end of G2
start of G1
15
Mitosis results in...
2 genetically identical daughter cells
2 genetically different daughter cells
4 genetically different daughter cells
4 genetically identical daughter cells
16
What is the "trash" and what are the "cupcakes" in photosynthesis?
trash=oxygen, cupcakes=glucose
trash=oxygen, cupcakes=carbon dioxide
trash=carbon dioxide, cupcakes=ATP
trash=water, cupcakes=ADP
17
What is the membrane that surrounds the matrix in a mitochondria called?
thylakoid
stroma
inner membrane
cristae
18
What are homologous structures and from what kind of evolution did they come from?
different ancestor, similar function; divergent
different ancestor, similar function; convergent
same ancestor, different function; convergent
same ancestor, different function; divergent
19
When we studied karyotypes, when did scientists freeze chromosomes and why?
prophase; most packed up
anaphase; condensed
metaphase; most packed up
interphase; most packed up
20
What is the monomer unit of a lipid?
polypeptides
fatty acids
monosaccharides/disaccharides
amino acids
21
Which of these molecules is a part of ATP, nucleotides, etc.
sucrose
glucose
ribose
lactose
22
If the secondary consumers were removed from a food pyramid, what would happen to producers?
decline rapidly
grow rapidly
they are unaffected, only consumers are affected
23
What part of the cell holds everything in place (and was made of moldy jello in our projects)
cytoplasm
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleolus
24
Why did Darwin's Finches' beaks vary in size and shape?
artificial selection led to the genetic variety
natural selection lead to genetic variety and adapted beaks
the birds' beaks were damaged by predators
the birds randomly developed new beaks
25
Where can stem cells come from?
adult tissues
embryos
amniotic fluid and umbilical cords
26
By splitting DNA molecules and using each strand as a template, we showed that it was _____.
semi-conservative replication
normal replication
inefficient
27
If a DNA sequence on one of the strands was ACG, what will the protein sequence be?
serine
arginine
cystine
threonine
28
When the bond between the last two phosphates is broken in ATP, what results?
ADP, phosphate, energy
ADP, phosphate
ATP, energy
ATP, phosphate, energy
29
Which of these would be considered a secondary consumer?
snake
mongoose
caterpillar
chameleon
30
Charles Darwin was famous for developing his theory of...
evolution by natural selection
Independent Assortment
evolution by independent assortment
31
What stage of the scientific method involves asking things like how, why, and what?
questioning
experimenting
concluding
hypothesizing
32
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6H2O + C6H12O6 --> 6O2 + 6CO2
6H2O + 6O2 --> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
6H2O + 6CO2 --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 --> 6H2O + 6O2
33
If a cell is submerged in highly salty solution, what will happen? (this is osmosis)
it will shrivel because it is in a hypotonic solution
nothing
it will swell up because it is in a hypertonic solution
it will shrivel because it is in a hypertonic solution
34
Which of these would be considered a producer?
rocks
wolves
grass
rabbits
35
In our classroom, which of these is an abiotic factor?
Grayson the Dragon
Grayson's worms
the students
Grayson's rock
36
Which level of classification is narrowest?
domain
phylum
species
life
37
If all of an ecosystem's main producers died off, how would tertiary consumers be affected?
they would start to die off
populations wouldn't be affected
populations would grow
38
ATPase...
doesn't exist
breaks off the last phosphate from ATP
stores energy
adds a phosphate to ADP
39
What is telophase?
chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell; nuc. env forms
chromatin condenses into chromosomes
sister chromatids are pulled apart
chromosomes line up in the middle, spindle fibers attach
40
In DNA, which is true?
A<--->G, C<---T>
A<--->U, C<--->G
A<--->T, C<--->G
41
Which of these
doesn't
release CO
2
into the air?
photosynthesis
combustion/emissions
dead organisms/waste products
cellular respiration
42
During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur between homologous pairs of chromosomes?
Anaphase 1
Telophase 2
Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
43
Which enzyme adds a phosphate to ADP to make ATP?
ATPase
ADP synthase
ATP synthase
ADPase
44
How much net ATP is yielded in anaerobic respiration? (per glucose molecule)
2
3
about 38
1
45
According to the karyotype, what gender is the person and what disease do the have?
male, no chromosomal mutations
female, Down syndrome
male, Klinefelters
male, Down syndrome
46
What is the cellular respiration equation?
water + carbon dioxide --> glucose + oxygen + ATP
oxygen + water --> glucose + carbon dioxide + ATP
none of these
oxygen + glucose --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
47
How would global warming be affected by excessive burning of fossil fuels?
it would get worse: more greenhouse gases
gets better, puts carbon (building block of life) in the air
nothing, only recycles carbon into the atmosphere
48
How much energy is lost at each tier of the food chain?
10%
90%
100%
50%
49
Who is more likely to get sex-linked diseases?
females
males
50
Which of these macomolecules is made up of C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio?
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
51
Which of these is
NOT
a stage of cellular respiration?
Krebs Cycle(oxidizes pyruvate to make CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP)
ETC (electrons power ATP synthase to make ATP)
Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate then to acetyl CoA)
Calvin Cycle (uses CO2, ATP, and NADPH to make glucose)
52
Which is the most closely related to birds according to the phylogenetic tree?
fungi
fish
dragonflies
mammals
53
Hurricanes are a common problem on the east coast. What could be a possible solution?
build new roads so workers can fix things faster
protect houses with metal shutters, sandbags, etc.
just let the hurricane hit and deal with the damage later
always be prepared to stock up, protect your house, & evac.
54
What results from alcohol fermentation?
water and sugars
CO2 and alcohol
sugars and alcohol
oxygen and sugars
55
If the trait shown is incomplete dominance, what will the ratio be of
phenotypes
?
3:1
1:1:1:1
1:2:1
2:2
56
Why did we study onion root tip cells when we studied mitosis?
root cells have bigger nuclei than normal animal cells
root cells are bigger than average cells/are easier to see
onion roots undergo mitosis much more and much faster
onion roots were all Mrs. McDonagh could find
57
One of Grayson the Dragon's chromosomes had an inversion mutation. What would this look like?
ABCDEF --> ABCDABCDEFEF
ABCDEF -->ABCDBCDEF
ABCDEF --> ABDEF
ABCDEF --> AEDCBF
58
How many chromosomes does a diploid human cell have? A haploid?
diploid=46, haploid=92
idk
diploid=46, haploid=23
diploid=23, haploid=46
59
Which is the definition of a hypothesis?
an educated guess on what will possibly happen
a paper written to show the research used in an experiment
possible explanation for something based on prior knowledge
paper written explaining what has happened in an experiment
60
What is produced from glycolysis?
CO2 and alcohol
lactic acid
acetyl CoA
pyruvate/pyruvic acid
61
Which of these does
NOT
have membrane-bound organelles or a nucleus?
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
62
A bird eats the dangerous bugs off of an animal. If they both benefit, what relationship is it?
commensalism
parasitism
mutualism
euphemism
63
What is an ecosystem?
All the members of all species in an environment
all of the nonliving things in an area
all of the natural and artificial things in a habitat
all of the abiotic and biotic factors in an area
64
What is a dependent variable in an experiment?
the variable that is controlled by the independent variable
the variable that is controlled and changed in an experiment
something that is used as a constant and is unchanging
something that changes randomly throughout an experiment
65
What is the casing around a virus called?
prion
there is no casing
capsid
protein coat
66
What is a cell membrane made of?
waxy capsid coat
a disaccharide
phospholipid bilayer
proteins linked together
67
When we did the gel electrophoresis lab, why did the DNA move to the other side?
the molecules are polar so an electric charge made them move
DNA naturally organizes itself by size like in karyotypes
it randomly moved there
it felt like it
68
When we held a wall sit for a long time, why did our legs start to hurt?
our body ran out of ATP in our legs
our legs started to fire more neurons and cramp
our legs are anaerobic, alcoholic fermentation occurred
thighs naturally hurt when in that position
69
Is there a correlation between the two columns?
yes
no
70
In our blue dye test (Bromothymol blue, the CO
2
indicator), what was the dependent variable?
the amount of dye we put in each tube
the size of the test tubes
the time it took for the blue dye to turn yellowish green
the amount of exercise we did
71
Which axis should each variable go on?
X - dependent, Y - independent
X - independent, Y - dependent
72
What is a gene?
a trait
an organism's expression of a genotype
"hard-wearing trousers made of denim or other cotton fabric"
a segment of DNA coded for the production of a protein
73
Which of these is
NOT
a way that humans can negatively impact biodiversity?
increased emissions from cars
cutting down trees to construct buildings/expand cities
using more renewable energy instead of fossil fuels
hunting already endangered species for luxurious items
74
What is the molecule that pairs up with a mRNA codon in a ribosome called?
anticodon
anti-mRNA
amino acid
tRNA
75
During which stage of interphase does a cell replicate its DNA?
prophase
S
G1
G2
76
Why did the yeast/sugar/water tube smell like alcohol after they sat for a few minutes?
the sugar fermented and produced alcohol
the sugar became acidic in the yeast solution
the yeast couldn't survive that much glucose and died
we just forgot we mixed in alcohol into the solution
77
Which is anabolic and which is catabolic?
anabolic: "breaks apart", catabolic: "builds up"
anabolic: "builds up", catabolic: "breaks apart"
78
Which of these is a way to maintain homeostasis that requires ATP?
active transport
diffusion
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
79
What is a stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast called?
stroma
granum
chlorohyll
protein structure
80
Which of these is
NOT
a part of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
centromere
a pentose sugar (ribose)
nitrogenous base
phosphates
81
According to this pedigree, what kind of inheritence is the trait?
recessive
idk
sex-linked recessive
dominant
82
In our marshmallow lab, how many would a tertiary consumer get if producers got 10 marshmallows
0.1
1
0.001
0.01
83
Which of these does
NOT
contribute to natural selection?
sexual reproduction
population stability
organisms' environments
mutations
84
According to the chart, what is the chance of Grayson having a long tail? (T=long, t=short)
50%
75%
25%
it is impossible/0%
85
What is information from an experiment that can be assigned a number/quantity?
quintessential data
qualitative data
numerically-assigned data
quantitative data
86
What is the order in which your body uses macromolecules for energy?
carbs, protein, lipids
lipids, protein, carbs
protein, carbs, lipids
carbs, lipids, protein
