Psychologists who emphasize the importance of personality traits are most often criticized for

underestimating the variability of behavior from situation to situation

One of the consistent research findings in the area of facial expressions and emotion is the

universality of facial expressions across cultures

Because of ___, we often overestimate how much someone's behavior is caused by nature.

The fundamental attribution error

Which of the following suggestions is most likely to reduce hostility b/w conflicting groups?

Give groups a task that requires cooperation

What is activated in response to danger?

sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)

Define: people conform out of a desire to be liked and accepted and to affiliate with others

Social Conformity, Normative Social Influence

Research indicates that in an emergency, the presence of others:

Reduces people's likelihood of helping

In Asch's conformity study, the men tested were more likely to conform if:

there other participants were unanimous in their answers

The body's natural way to break down glucose:

Insulin is released and turns excess sugar into fat.

An example of intrinsic motivation would be...

participating in a sport because you enjoy it

A social psychologist would define "conflict" as:

A perceived incompatibility of actions or ideas

Groupthink occurs when you...

don't share your honest opinion within the group

In America it is considered rude to eat with your hands whereas in India it is seen as normal

examples of differences in social conformity, examples of difference in social norms

You commit the Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) when you attribute someone's actions to ...............

a dispositional (internal) attribution

Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?

Rasheed believes he is a competent skater.

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Unit 4 - Social Psychology, Motivation, Emotion and Personality

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Answers

1
The theory that behavior is motivated by biological needs
Arousal Theory
Drive Reduction Theory
Set Theory
Psychoanalytic Approach
2
The more frequently I listen to Call Me Maybe, the more I like it
mere-exposure effect
social loafing
social facillitation
deindividuation
3
Emotion involves...
all of the above
bodily reaction (arousal)
Characteristic overt expressions (facial expressions)
A subjective conscious experience (appraisal)
4
What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential? (Maslow)
Unconditional positive regard
Self-actualization
Self-transcendence
Self-concept
5
Despite their doubts about their boss' strategy, employees all support him w/o hesitation. Why?
Group polarization
Conflict theory
Groupthink
Obedience
6
Because of __, people in a like-minded group might make extreme decisions after discussion
Groupthink
Group polarization
Social facilitation
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
7
Psychologists who emphasize the importance of personality traits are most often criticized for
underestimating the variability of behavior from situation to situation
overestimating the number of basic traits
underestimating the role of emotions
being naive and overly optimistic
8
Type B is similar to Type A
True
False
9
A driver cuts Ed off and he yells "He's such a jerk!", not considering his reason for doing so
Attitude
Central Route Persuasion
Cognitive Dissonance
Fundamental Attribution Error
10
One of the consistent research findings in the area of facial expressions and emotion is the
universality of facial expressions across cultures
vast differences in facial expressions between males and females
ease with which people can learn to change their facial expressions
way children's facial expressions differ from adults'
11
Because of ___, we often overestimate how much someone's behavior is caused by nature.
Social facilitation
The fundamental attribution error
Normative social influence
Group polarization
12
Lowe will not let women play on his basketball team. Lowe is displaying
social impaiment
groupthink
prejudice
discrimination
13
Which of the following is the major source of energy in your body?
Glucose
Ghrelin
Hypothalamus
PYY
14
Which of the following suggestions is most likely to reduce hostility b/w conflicting groups?
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly
Give groups a task that requires cooperation
Force groups to spend lots of time together
Encourage groups to avoid each other
15
What is Solomon Asch known for?
Studies on childhood social development
Studies on cognitive dissonance
Studies on conformity
Studies on obedience
16
Our tendency to "go with the flow" and go along with that others are doing
Obedience
Social facilitation
Groupthink
Conformity
17
Jessica believes that all male athletes are self-centered and sexist. This is an example of:
A Stereotype
Groupthink
Fundamental attribution error
In-group bias
18
What is activated in response to danger?
sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)
catharsis
resistance
parasympathetic nervous system (rest & digest)
19
Type of persuasion based on superficial/incidental influences like appearance or popularity
subliminal persuasion
central route persuasion
unconscious persuasion
peripheral route persuasion
20
Define: people conform out of a desire to be liked and accepted and to affiliate with others
Social Conformity
Attributions
Normative Social Influence
Affiliation
21
Mr. Saken divides the class into 4 competing groups. On 5th day, Harsh kicks Josh in the shins. What happened?
Groupthink
Superordinate goals
In-group, Out-group bias
Group polarization
22
Phoebe donates $200 to the PBS telethon that helps create shows for kids. Why?
Social Exchange Theory
Reciprocity Norm
Social Trap
Pro-Social Behavior
23
A person who is hard-driving, ambitious, competitive, and at risk for having a heart attack is
Type B personality
internal personality
Type A personality
external personality
24
Research indicates that in an emergency, the presence of others:
Leads to more people committing a violent act
Prevents people from noticing the situation
Increasing the likelihood of someone helping
Reduces people's likelihood of helping
25
In Asch's conformity study, the men tested were more likely to conform if:
the experimenter criticized participants for wrong answers
there other participants were unanimous in their answers
All of the above
there were fewer people in the room
26
The body's natural way to break down glucose:
Glucose is turned into empty calories.
Insulin is released and turns excess sugar into fat.
Glucose is turned into fructose and lowers blood sugar.
Pancreas eats the excess sugar.
27
The two routes to persuasion?
Central and peripheral
Internal and external
Direct and indirect
Lateral and medial
28
Advertisements are made more effective when the communicators are:
Attractive
Perceived as experts
All of the above
Famous
29
Macie falls down in the middle of a busy street, yet no one helps her up. This is an example of
Bystander Effect
Door-in-the-face
Social Facillitation
Conformity
30
Type A refers to competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.
True
False
31
Which of the following is not one of the phases of the human sexual response?
plateau
excitement
attraction
resolution
32
According to drive theorists, the foremost motivation for all organisms is to...
ensure their own survival and the survival of their species
experience as much pleasant stimulation as possible
achieve self-actualization
maintain homeostasis
33
Before giving a speech favoring gun control, Julia opposed it. Now she favors gun control. Why?
Mirror-image phenomenon
Attribution theory
Reward theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
34
What is an example of Internal Locus Control
I am not in control of my fate
Whatever happens, happens
I hope others will help me
I am in control of my fate
35
Milgram's experiment studied...
Obedience
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Conformity
36
People with whom we share a common identity are referred to as the
Ingroup
friends
Outgroup
Family
37
An example of intrinsic motivation would be...
practicing an art to obtain a scholarship
studying to get good grades
participating in a sport because you enjoy it
doing chores to earn allowance
38
As a teacher, Ms. Carpenter is supposed to in some way "play the part," which is called her
social role
schizophrenic role
blind obedience role
hidden role
39
I'm persuaded to buy a Prius because i did my own research, weighing pros and cons..which route
peripheral route
central route
social route
foot-in-the-door route
40
Which of the following is the best term or phrase for the body’s resting rate of energy expenditure?
Basal metabolic rate
Set point
Hunger
Settling point
41
In the lunch line someone pushes you from behind and doesn’t say anything. Dispositional response?
he probably tripped
he was probably pushed from behind
he is a rude person
he might be having a bad day
42
Since the lateral hypothalamus makes you hungry, if damaged you will become:
Starving
None of the Above.
Less Hungry
Unscathed
43
A social psychologist would define "conflict" as:
The natural desire to argue with other people
An internal struggle as a result of a moral dilemma
The tendency for people to follow their own interests first
A perceived incompatibility of actions or ideas
44
Groupthink occurs when you...
gather opinions from many people
don't share your honest opinion within the group
co-lead a group
stand out as a leader
45
In America it is considered rude to eat with your hands whereas in India it is seen as normal
examples of differences in social conformity
foot-in-the-door phenomena
examples of difference in social norms
examples of blind obedience
46
Figures such as the one above are used in which of the following kinds of tests?
projective personality
verbal intelligence
self-report personality
cognitive reasoning
47
You commit the Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) when you attribute someone's actions to ...............
a social influence attribution
a dispositional (internal) attribution
a situational (external) attribution
peer pressure
48
In ___'s experiment, subjects gave incorrect answers when all of their peers did.
Milgram
Zimbardo
Asch
Osgood
49
Seniors think that they are a better high school class than freshmen. What explains this?
In-Group Bias
Deindividuation
Group Polarization
Superordinate Goals
50
Identify
Leon Festinger's Study
Asch Conformity Study
Milgram's Obedience Study
Zimbardo Role Playing Study
51
Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?
Rasheed believes he is a competent skater.
Saundra believes it rained because she’s been wishing for rain for days.
Igor maintains his optimism despite doing poorly in his math class.
Abraham believes he is a good person.
52
Which of the following is an unlearned, complex behavior exhibited by all members of a species? (Humans don't have)
Motive
Drive
Reflex
Instinct
53
What is an example of External Locus Control
I am not in control of my fate
I am in control of my fate
It is my fault if I have trouble
I can do it
54
Your parents agree to lengthen your curfew by 15 min. Later they agree to an hour.
reciprocity norm
Foot-in-the-door
door-in-the-face
compromise
55
What can be classified as intrinsic motivators?
Goals
Grades
Money
Unsatisfaction
56
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Athena says she can run faster than everyone else
Billy will not let girls play on his hockey team
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders
57
When you lose a sense of self-awareness and identity and show no restraint, you've committed:
Individuation
Social Norming
Polarization
Deindividuation
58
Opinions on an issue become stronger in a like minded group
Group Polarization
Groupthink
Social Norm Groups
Social Facilitation Groups
59
When your attitudes don't match your actions, you will likely experience
Cognitive dissonance
Coping
Attribution Error
The Milgram Effect
60
This test contains a set of inkblots that are designed to assess a person's feelings:
Rorschach Test
EEG Test
TAT Test
All of the Above
61
Saying that girls are not good at sports is an example of a
discrimination
outgroup
stereotype
social impairment
62
What type of personality test involves showing people a series of pictures and the respondent tells a dramatic a story?
Rorschach
TAT
63
Going at a green light in American culture is considered a....
conformity norm
social appropriation
social norm
standard of behavior
64
Attribution theory states that people use which of the following to explain behavior
Obedience and Conformity
situation and disposition
Reliability and Validity
Personality and Intelligence
65
After 9/11, people placed blame on many innocent Arab-Americans. This is an example of
Social script
Just-World Phenomenon
Other-race effect
Scapegoating
66
Which of the following is an aroused motivational state created by a physiological need?
Motive
Drive
Incentive
Instinct
67
Athletes tend to perform better when in front of a crowd because of ____
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Bystander effect
Attribution
68
This theory explains why home teams in sports have a better chance of winning.
Foot-in-the-door
Social Facilitation
Groupthink
Individuation
69
The view that human emotions are universal has been supported by studies of emotion
facial expressions
biological symmetry
body language
linguistic structures
70
If someone joins a group, they may adjust their behavior to match that of the group. This is
Social facilitation
Conformity
Ingroup effect
Mimicry
71
Altruism is
Arguing for what you believe in
the act of being selfish as opposed to compassionate
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Putting your own needs above others
72
An external goal that has the capacity to motivate behavior is...
drive
need
motive
incentive
73
This theory explains why people playing tug-o-war slack off when more people participate
Polarization
Social Norming
Social Loafing
Deindividuation
74
Because of ____, the more we are exposed to something, the more we like it
Social Exchange Theory
Other-race effect
Discrimination
Mere exposure effect
75
Molly asked to borrow $1 from Ann, which Ann gave. Next day, Molly asked for $5, Ann said OK. Then $20! And so on...
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Social-responsibility norm
Reciprocity norm
76
According to ____________, you can affect how you feel by making a certain facial expression.
push-pull theory
instinct theory
Schachter’s Two Factor Theory
the facial feedback theory
77
When high-prejudice students discussed racial issues, they became more prejudiced. This is:
Social Script
Other-race Effect
Group Polarization
Deindividuation
78
How would a Type B person react to a test?
Join a study group
In a hurry to study!
Heart Attack
Study when he or she feels like it.
79
Richard is motivated to learn in class, however, it has been hours since his last meal.
Richard is experiencing homeostasis.
Richard's secondary drive is hunger.
Richard is using a competition motive.
Richard's primary drive needs to be satisfied.
80
Proximity and similarity are key factors in...
Social Traps
Discrimination
Attraction
Stereotyping
81
Because of ____, your parents might give you $40 after initially agreeing to give you $10
Obedience
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
Deindividuation
82
"Asian people are smart." This generalization is an example of..
Aggression
Discrimination
Prejudice
A stereotype
83
Luis was in line 2 hours for concert tickets, but it sold out. He pounds his fist on the glass and breaks it...why?
Deindividuation
Stereotype threat
Frustration-aggression principle
Reward theory
84
Which famous experiment revealed the power of the situation and roles?
Mean Woman Conversation Study
Ache's Conformity Study
Milgram's Obedience Study
Stanford Prison Experiment
85
Be impartial, critical evaluation, subdividing the group, and welcoming critique
Factors of obedience
Prevent groupthink
Defines group think
Defines social loafing
86
What type of personality test requires the respondent to make a particular response to a structured set of instructions?
Projective
Objective
87
Drive reduction as a motivational concept is best exemplified by which of the following?
The sweet taste of chocolate
A monkey using its tail as a fifth limb to climb higher in a tree
The enjoyment of a frightening movie
The injection of heroin by an addict to avoid withdrawal symptoms
88
Which brain structure is responsible for regulating hunger?
amygdala
hypothalamus
hippocampus
temporal lobe
89
Needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel people in certain directions are known as...
incentives
drives
instincts
motives
90
Identify
Asch's Conformity Study
Festinger Study
Milgram's Obedience Study
Zimbardo Study
91
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.
Intrinsic Detractor
Negative stimulus
Motivation
Extrinsic Detractor
92
When you are influenced to behave based on the factual content of the message, that is:
informational social influence
central route persuasion
normative social influence
peripheral route persuasion
93
Zimbardo is responsible for studying the effects of
Environmental factors impact on psyche
our actions affect attitudes
social conformity
our attitudes affect actions
94
Shane is usually the first person to raise his hand or call out. This might show that he is
extroverted
introverted
neurotic
agreeable
95
Which of these factors might lead people in masks to be more violent than they normally are?
Groupthink
Attribution
Social loafing
Deindividuation
96
Students may exert less effort in group projects because of
social loafing
deindividuation
social facilitation
groupthink
97
Aggression is physical/verbal behavior intended to...
Hurt or Destroy
Hog and Bore
Hug and Deploy
Halt and Decoy
98
Theories of motivation that assert the existence of biological motives to maintain the body in a steady state are called
reductionistic
instinctual
homeostatic
mechanistic
99
Dan forgot to turn in his homework again...he is SOOOOO lazy! (What did I do wrong?)
cognitive dissonance
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Fundamental attribution error
Confirmation bias
100
A person who believed in the 2012 doomsday probably experienced ___ when the world didn't end
Cognitive dissonance
Bystander effect
Social loafing
Self-disclosure

Unit 4 - Social Psychology, Motivation, Emotion and Personality Flashcards | StudBud