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Chapter 4: Ecosystems & Communities Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 4: Ecosystems & Communities
Chapter 4: Ecosystems & Communities
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#Ecosystems #Communities #Biomes
Flashcards
46 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
46
Answers
1
The greenhouse effect occurs when carbon dioxide & other gases prevent
heat
energy from leaving the atmosphere.
False
True
2
Primary succession can begin after
a lava flow.
farm land is abandoned.
a forest fire.
a severe storm.
3
Symbiotic relationship bw organisms in which one species benefits & the other is neither helped nor harmed is
mutualism.
True
False
4
The symbiotic relationship between a flower & the insect that feeds on its nectar is an example of
parasitism- the insect lives off the nectar from the flower.
commensalism- insect does not harm the flower/flower does not benefit.
mutualism- flower give the insect food & the insect pollinates the flower
predation- the insect feeds on the flower.
5
An interaction in which one organism captures & feed on another organism is called
Competition
Mutualism
Symbiosis
Predation
6
Which animal is in a biome that has cold-moderate winters, warm summers, fertile soils, coniferous & deciduous trees.
Polar bear
Moose
Whitetail deer
Iguana
7
A biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors & its...
characteristic ecological community.
distance from the equator.
specific geographical location.
average precipitation & temperature
8
What is one difference between primary & secondary succession?
Secondary begins on soil & primary begins on newly exposed surfaces (rock).
Primary modifies the environment & secondary does not.
Primary is slow & secondary is rapid.
Secondary beings with lichens & primary begins with trees.
9
An organism's niche is...
Range of physical & biological conditions & the way it uses those condition
all the physical & biological factors in the organism's environment.
the range of temperatures that the organism needs to survive.
a full description of the place an organism lives.
10
No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
because of the interactions that shape the ecosystem
unless the species require different biotic factors.
because of the competitive exclusion principle.
unless the species require different abiotic factors.
11
Which factor(s) can influence continual change in an ecosystem?
all of the above.
introduction of nonnative species
long-term climate change
further disturbances
12
The temperate forest biome is typically warmer & has more rainfall than the
boreal forest
biome.
False
True
13
An example of a place with a microclimate is...
a forested park in a desert city.
a mountain range capped with ice.
coniferous trees in a temperate forest.
an orchid growing in a rain forest.
14
A predator can increase the numbers of certain species in its habitat by...
living symbiotically with other species.
crowding out the species it doesn't eat.
avoiding certain prey species.
killing & eating the competitors of other species.
15
Earth's natural "insulating blanket" is the
biosphere.
True
False
16
Which is a biotic factor that affect the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
concentration of oxygen in the ecosystem.
average temperature of the ecosystem
type of soil in the ecosystem
number & kinds of predators in the ecosystem
17
Different species can share the same habitat, but competition among them is reduced if they
increase their populations.
occupy different niches.
reproduce at different times.
eat less.
18
When there is no rainfall a mountain lion may leave its usual hunting territory to drink from a farm pond This is due to
the change in an abiotic factor in its environment.
its need to find different foods to eat.
its need to find a new habitat
the change in a biotic factor in its environment.
19
A mountain can affect climate by
absorbing more solar energy at the peak than at the base of the mountain.
causing precipitation to fall mostly on one side of the mountain.
interfering with air currents & affecting Earth's rotation.
pushing a cool air mass back out over the ocean.
20
Tall, perennial grasses and herds of grazing herbivores are inhabitants of the
desert
biome.
True
False
21
The tropical
rain
forest is characterized by a wet season and a dry season.
True
False
22
The amount, intensity, and duration of sunlight striking Earth vary with
latitude.
True
False
23
Why does Earth have 3 main climate zones?
There are differences in latitude & the angle of heating from the sun.
Continents & other landmasses physically interfere w/ heat distribution
Warm air rises @ equator & sinks @ poles causing unequal heat distribution
The Earth rotates & affect the major ocean currents.
24
Palm trees & shrubs around a small pool of water in the middle of a barren desert is an example of
an ecosystem.
False
True
25
Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor trap
light
energy.
False
True
26
Which two biomes have the least amount of precipitation?
tropical savanna & tropical dry forest.
tundra & desert
tropical rain forest & temperate grassland.
boreal forest & temperate woodland & scrubland.
27
Climate conditions in a small area that differ significantly from the climate of the surrounding area are called...
biomes
microclimates
natural features
ecosystems
28
The greenhouse effect is...
the result of an excess of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
unnatural phenomenon that cause heat energy to radiated into the atmosphere
a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth's Temperature range.
the result of the differences in the angle of the sun's rays.
29
Cool air over the poles will
rise.
flow parallel to Earth's surface.
sink.
absorb heat from the equator.
30
All of the following factors contribute to Earth's climate EXCEPT
transport of heat
longitude
shape & elevation of landmasses
latitude
31
The average year-after-year conditions of temp. & precipitation in a particular region are referred to as the region's
Climate
Latitude
Weather
Ecosystem
32
Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?
tundra
desert
temperate forest
tropical dry forest
33
Which is a factor that could interrupt the progress of succession?
another natural disturbance
long-term fluctuations in climate
different animals appearing at each stage
colonization of surfaces by lichens
34
Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they
eat different foods within the tree.
have different habitats within the tree.
can find different temperatures within the tree.
occupy different niches within the tree.
35
The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time is called...
population growth
climate change
climax community.
ecological succession
36
Climate is a global factor that produces
solar energy within the atmosphere.
Earth's unique ocean & atmosphere
the shape & elevation of landmasses.
a wide range of environmental conditions that shapes communities.
37
The loss of heat to space is slowed by...
atmospheric gases
radiation entering the atmosphere
the biosphere
solar energy
38
Which of the following occurs during the ecological succession of an ecosystem?
Changes occur that are caused by organisms outside the ecosystem.
An ecosystem reaches a final, unchanging stage.
Living organisms modify their environment a little at a time.
Parts of communities split off to form new communities.
39
The tendency for warm air to rise & cool air to sink results in
global wind patterns.
ocean upwelling.
unequal heat distribution.
regional precipitation.
40
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
Soil type
Temperature
Plant life
Rainfall
41
Earth has 3 main climate zones because of the differences in latitude and, thus,
amount of precipitation received
ocean currents
prevailing winds
angle of heating
42
Temperatures on Earth remain within a suitable range for life as we know it because of the...
radiation of sunlight back into the atmosphere
unequal heating of Earth's surface
loss of heat to space.
greenhouse effect
43
The unequal heating of Earth's surface
All of the above.
drives wind & ocean currents.
has important effects on Earth's climate regions.
causes winds that heat throughout the biosphere
44
An existing community is gradually replaced by another community in an
ecological succession.
True
False
45
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is...
commensalism
parasitism
predation
mutualism
46
Which of the following can influence the climate in a small area within a biomes?
the greenhouse effect.
natural features such as a lake.
the average temperature & precipitation.
the latitude of the biome.
