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WH Final Exam 2018-19 # 2 Flashcards | StudBud
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WH Final Exam 2018-19 # 2
WH Final Exam 2018-19 # 2
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Final Exam
Flashcards
62 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
A conflict between which desires complicated the Paris Peace Conference following World War I?
secret European agreements & Wilson’s self-determination
Britain League of Nations goal & France’s to punish Germany
Wilson’s territotisl compromises and German reparations
France’s desire for territory & Russia’s goal of socialism
2
The Industrial Revolution increased people’s interest in
scientific research
feelings and emotions
the price of goods
theories of business management
3
How did the end of the Seven Years’ War affect the future United States of America?
France kept Louisiana & refused to sell to the United States
Britain won the N. America that later would become the U.S.
British Colonies expanded into Canada when the U.S. formed
Britain lost land on where American colonies were developing
4
Abolitionism was
a movement to do away with slavery
the system of using Africans as laborers
a plan to hire workers
the method of harvesting crops in the South
5
As a result of World War II, most of Europe was
under Soviet control
dedicated to fighting against communism
under American control
economically devastated
6
The Islamic trade network developed in the Malay Peninsula & the Indonesian archipelago because
the new sultanate at Melaka was greedy
Muslim merchants wanted to trade spices that grew there
Muslim missionaries attracted high numbers of converts
the Khmer monarchy crumpled and then disappeared
7
The Cold War was based on
mutual mistrust between the Soviet Union & the United States
Truman’s threat to invade E. Europe if no free elections
disputes over how to try the German war criminals
Stalin’s plans for communist expansion internationally
8
The scientific method grew out of the belief that the world is best understood through
imagination
the teachings of Aristotle
direct observation
a geocentric view of the universe
9
What is the correct list of social classes from colonial Latin America from highest to lowest?
peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mulattoes
missionaries, viziers, mestizos, Native Americans
Native Americans, mestizos, peninsulares, viceroys
kings, viceroys, Native Americans, missionaries
10
Rationalism is the belief that
the human mind is divine
matter matters
the human mind is perfect
reason is the chief source of knowledge
11
As a result of the Second Industrial Revolution, the new wealthy elite in Europe consisted of
teachers and contractors
the clergy and government officials
unions and organized farm workers
industrialists, bankers, and merchants
12
Revolutionary leaders in Latin America were inspired by
the American Revolution
the military power of the caudillos
the economic strength of Spain and Portugal
writings of the peninsulares
13
The two forces after the French Revolution that challenged the old social order in Europe
nationalism and liberalism
slavery and serfdom
militarism and radicalism
conservatism and Christianity
14
Initially, the World War I war effort on the Western Front was characterized by
innovative strategies & new technologies used by both armies
trench warfare that kept both sides from any great movement
decisive victories by the French army & swift German retreat
slow but steady advancement of the German army on the ground
15
Akbar’s 16
th
century rule in Mughal India brought together these groups for religious tolerance
Mongols and Muslims
Hindus and Muslims
women and peasants
zamindars and suttees
16
The British hastened the decline of the Mogul Empire in the eighteenth century when they
opened new trading routes to the West
forged alliances with French companies
took control of Indian trade
offended their powerful Indian allies
17
European countries were forced to align with either the U.S. or Soviets b/c World War II had
caused a political rift btw countries in continental Europe
left the U.S. & Soviets in charge of making global decisions
devastated Europe, left the countries w/o power of their own
been a fought as a conflict between communists & capitalists
18
What did Western nations hope to gain by establishing new colonies after 1880?
raw materials for industries & markets to sell products
additional ideas for their own industries
more people to add to their population figures
languages and cultures to add to their own
19
Potatoes from America spurred population growth in Europe because they
provided more nutrients than previous crops
yielded more food per acre than previous crops
could be traded for other products in the world market
were hardy plants that could thrive in harsh climates
20
By 1100 CE, this allowed China to remain mostly agricultural despite farmers having less land
People ate less food
A new, faster growing species of rice was cultivated
More food was imported from other countries
Large farms took over from individual farmers
21
Russian Czar Nicholas’s 1917 abdication led to which of the following?
war and the establishment of a Communist government
the creation of new czarist government by the middle classes
a strong provisional government with wide support
the growth of free-market capitalism and widespread peace
22
The Safavids of Persia differed from many of their Islamic neighbors b/c Safavids were ardent
Sunnis
pacifists
Shias
Catholics
23
After Napoleon, one of the goals of the great powers at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 was to
build continental army to keep Napoleon from regaining power
pursue the liberalism by creating a Bill of Rights
keep any one country from dominating Europe
force the idea of conservatism on Europe
24
Which idea of Baron Montesquieu has been incorporated into the U.S. Constitution?
religious tolerance
social contract
separation of governmental powers
economic laissez-faire
25
Why European intellectuals admired the U.S. Revolution and its Constitution and Bill of Rights
Colonies’ ideas came from the ideals of natural rights
Europeans were ancestors of those who founded the colonies
Europeans wanted win wars as easily as the colonists’ had
The U.S. Constitution was based on European constitutions
26
Increased government activity in the economy during the Great Depression led to
a decline in the popularity of Marxist ideas
an immediate economic turnaround
more power and confidence to the workers
following those who offered simple solutions for more power
27
Europeans began to explore and expand in the 1500s because they wanted to
find riches and adventure
discover a new world
spread Christianity to a new world
gain riches, find adventure, and spread religion
28
The social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution was evident in the
widespread famines caused by families abandoning their farms
growing death rates across Europe
emergence of the middle class and the working class
thick air pollution that choked the British isles
29
How did foreign investors ensure their continued domination of the Latin American economy
building factories while eliminating lucrative cash crops
enlisting powerful caudillos to subdue any peasant uprisings
draining raw materials from & manufactured goods dependence
refusing to develop transportation & communication systems
30
Religion that dominated most of W. Europe & often clashed with ideas held by European leaders
Catholicism
Islam
Eastern Orthodoxy
Protestantism
31
The factory created a new labor system in which
machines did all the work, and workers supervised
workers had periods of hectic work and then inactivity
products were produced by animal labor
people worked regular hours & did the same work over & over
32
Which policy did the United States adopt to prevent the spread of communism in the late 1940s?
deterrence
domino theory
permanent revolution
containment
33
Jose de San Martín and Símon Bolívar led South American independence movements against
the United States
Portugal
Spain
Mexico
34
All of the following are true of the Islamic conquest of Constantinople
except
the Turkic sultan was Mehmet II
it signaled the end of the ancient Roman empire
it happened in the year 1453
it made the conquering Mughals the strongest regional force
35
The concern of eighteenth-century monarchs for a balance of power involved the desire to
expand territory
create worldwide peace
build larger armies
prevent domination by one state
36
Japan remained isolated from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century because
Japan prohibited Christian activities & restricted trade
Japan’s ports were dangerous for docking by ships
no other country wanted to go to Japan
the country was too difficult to reach by sea
37
Government controlling political, economic, social, intellectual, & cultural lives of citizens
republic
socialist
democratic
totalitarian
38
The Monroe Doctrine declared that
nobody could colonize or intervene in the Americas
L. America did not need England or the U.S. for protection
only England & the United States could colonize L. America
England had to join force with the US to protect L. America
39
The way to World War II was paved by
belief in Aryan racial purity
appeasement of Germany
fears of repeating the mistakes of World War I
Japanese and German ambitions for expansion
40
The greatest threat to American unity in the mid-1800s was
slavery
industrialization
British imperialism
religious intolerance
41
The United States’ Constitutional Convention of 1788 began as
a meeting of delegates to revise Articles of Confederation
a vote to adopt amendments that guaranteed certain freedoms
meeting for a declaration of independence from British rule
a plan to divide land of the thirteen colonies into states
42
How were women affected by both World Wars and their outcomes?
During the war, women remained home but afterwards organized
Women gained jobs during the war but lost them at war’s end
Women’s employment increased quickly after end of the war
After the war, women lost civil rights, including the vote
43
Why did the Qing allow European traders to work only on one small island?
so the Europeans would think China was a very small island
to keep Europeans from seeing products before buying them
so that prices of Chinese products remained high
to limit the amount of contact Chinese had with Europeans
44
After WWI, Germany was especially opposed to Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles because it
held Germany responsible for the war & required reparations
awarded sections of eastern Germany to the new Polish state.
returned the territories of Alsace and Lorraine to France.
forced Germany to reduce the size of its army and navy
45
Japan created the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in the 1930s to
defend Southeast Asia against colonialism
promote a pan-Asian cultural identity
exploit the resources of its colonies for its war machine.
share the wealth of its colonies with other Asian nations
46
World traveler who inspired European travel to gain direct access to the wealth of the Orient
Ibn Battuts
Zheng He
Mansa Musa
Marco Polo
47
In the Second Industrial Revolution, what innovations opened up new industrial frontiers?
textiles, railroads, iron, and coal
a world economy, psychoanalysis, and new products
steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum
radios, telephones, light bulbs, and telegraphs
48
The French Revolution echoed the eighteenth-century Enlightenment in calling for
greater respect for religious institutions
a new social order
violent overthrow of the monarchy
the divine right of kings
49
Why did coal production expand greatly during the Industrial Revolution?
Coal was environmentally clean method of fueling machines.
New methods of mining coal made it a very easy job
Preference for coal over electricity b/c it is more powerful
Coal was needed to produce iron and to run steam engines.
50
After World War I, parliamentary systems failed in most eastern European states largely because
those states did not have a tradition of democracy
propaganda turned people against their governments
peasants preferred a more authoritarian regime
farmers did not want to give up their property rights
51
In total war, governments were able to control
their citizens’ voting preferences
economies and resources within their own countries
the economies of their allies
the enemy’s resources
52
Which invention led to the efficient mass production of goods?
incandescent light bulb
the Bessemer process
hydroelectric power stations
the assembly line
53
The U.S. federal system is a form of government in which power is
given exclusively to the executive branch
shared between national and state governments
shared between the new nation and the British empire
given to the judicial branch
54
Following World War II, the Marshall Plan was designed to
make W. Europe stronger than nations under Soviet control
restore economic stability of European nations after WW II
prevent Soviet involvement in Angola
develop comprehensive military strategy for Canada defense
55
During the late 19th century, what did working-class women in Europe do to change their status?
attended college
bought property
voted
worked outside the home
56
Important location for European control because it served as a 'gateway' to the Spice Islands
Melaka
Beijing
Philippines
Burma
57
When the Ottomans gained control of the trade crossroads of Constantinople in 1453, Europeans
looked to the seas for new trade routes
established their own trade routes through the city
stopped attempts to trade with the East
attacked the city
58
How industrialization created new social classes & conditions for the development of socialism
Factories improved conditions due to middle class pressure
Less pay led to demand for socialism to equalize women’s pay
Wealthy preferred socialism to share wealth with all workers
Bad labor practices led socialism to improve conditions
59
By approving the Declaration of Independence, the people had officially declared their right to
choose their government
form a militia
print their own materials
meet in public
60
Which founding document reflects the American colonists' fear of a strong central government?
Treaty of Paris
Articles of Confederation
Declaration of Independence
Bill of Rights
61
As Louis XVI was deposed, other leaders threatened to use force to restore the monarchy because
Louis XVI was an effective ruler
the Third Estate was incapable of governing
they were indebted to the king for his past support
they feared the revolution would spread to their countries
62
Why did the assembly line make goods less expensive to buy?
More goods produced in same amount of time cost less to make
Same amount of goods made with fewer materials were cheaper
Assembly line used fewer workers so owners had fewer to pay
Assembly line owners paid workers less than other businesses