Which of the following is an example of an inherent power of the president?

President's Obama's extension of healthcare through the Affordable Care Act

Which of the following is an example of affirmative action?

Harvard actively recruits highly qualified minorities & female applicants

FDR's New Deal was based on what ideas of economist John Maynard Keynes?

Temporary deficit spending by gvt to spur the economy in a recession

Which of the following would be an accurate statement of the trustee model of representation?

Legislators should vote their conscience when voting

Which policy is likely to create the most tension between the competing values of rule of law and limited govt?

seizing library records to investigate potential terrorists

Which of the following was a feature of the Constitution that was not a feature of the Articles of Confederation?

emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism

The main debate between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists was about

the scope of power of the central government

Which of the following is true about the Virginia Plan?

It created 3 branches with a bicameral legislature

Which is an accurate statement about presidential candidates and their campaign strategies?

focus on large/competitive states that will help win more electoral votes

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Founders create the Electoral College?

a compromise between the North & South on the strength of the national gvt

Which of the following would be an accurate statement about the Instructed Delegate model of representation?

Legislators should act as agents of their constituency

The main task of the federal bureaucracy is to

implement and administer federal laws and programs

Which of the following would be an expressed power of the president?

the ability to command the armed forces

Which measures would a president adhering to supply-side economic principles most likely employ during a recession?

budget that cuts taxes and decreases gvt regulation of the economy

Bureaucratic discretionary authority is best defined as which of the following?

The ability of exec. depts & agencies to choose how to enforce policy

Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the “1 person,1 vote” doctrine

Baker v Carr, Citizens United v FEC

What principle was established in Brown v. Board of Education?

Separating students by race is unconstitutional

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1
Which of the following is an example of an inherent power of the president?
President Trump pardoning Roger Stone
Ronald Reagan signing a nuclear arms treaty with the USSR
To command the troops
President's Obama's extension of healthcare through the Affordable Care Act
2
Which of the following is an example of affirmative action?
US Dept of Educ offers low-interest student loans to those who qualify
Virginia awards an infrastructure contract to the co. with the lowest bid.
The prez submits a report to Congress 48 hrs after he deploys troops
Harvard actively recruits highly qualified minorities & female applicants
3
To cover campaigns by emphasizing relative standings of the candidates in the polls rather than the issues is
horse-race journalism
ratings journalism
car-race journalism
image journalism
4
What is controlled by Congress and the President?
the Supreme Court
the Federal Reserve System
monetary policy
fiscal policy
5
FDR's New Deal was based on what ideas of economist John Maynard Keynes?
Temporary deficit spending by gvt to spur the economy in a recession
reduce government borrowing, lower taxes, and balance the budget
Limit govt intervention & keep markets free of efficiency blockers
Free markets lead to an efficient outcome and are self-regulating
6
A citizen casts her vote for the candidate based on their promise to reform the health care system. Which type of voting
Party-line voting
Retrospective voting
Prospective voting
Rational-choice voting
7
Which of the following would be an accurate statement of the trustee model of representation?
Legislators should act as agents of their constituency
Legislators should vote their conscience when voting
Legislators should vote based on constituents' views
Legislators should vote based on how the president trusts them to vote
8
Which policy would be most supported by a libertarian?
increase funding for Medicare and Medicaid
banning the sale of marijuana
banning abortion
abolishing the death penalty
9
A strong, united republic would be more effective than the individual states at controlling “factions” is in
Federalist No. 70
Federalist No. 51
Federalists No. 10
Federalist No. 78
10
A judicial opinion that disagrees with both the majority and with their legal interpretations an conclusion is called
unanimous opinion
dissenting opinion
concurring opinion
majority opinion
11
The police searched a suspect’s phone w/out a warrant & found evidence of a crime - what amendment protects from this?
4th
5th
7th
6th
12
According to the War Powers Resolution, how many days may troops be deployed without permission from Congress?
120 days
48 days
60 days
30 days
13
Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime was in this case
. Schenck v. United States
Engel v Vitale
Lopez v US
Citizens United v FEC
14
Most of the time, members of Congress vote with
their party
celebrities
the president
their state
15
Argues that unity in the executive branch is a main ingredient for both energy and safety
Federalist No. 70
Federalist No. 10
Federalist No. 51
Federalist No. 78
16
Which policy is likely to create the most tension between the competing values of rule of law and limited govt?
passing "right to work" law that lets people choose to join a labor union
requesting the financial records from the Environmental Protection Agency
review cabinet position nominations in a Senate hearing
seizing library records to investigate potential terrorists
17
Which of the following was a feature of the Constitution that was not a feature of the Articles of Confederation?
emphasizes state sovereignty over national sovereignty
a unitary form of government
restricts Congress from taxing
emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism
18
Madison would say the accumulation of power in all three branches in the same hands would be
a strong government
tyranny
democracy
federalism
19
The main debate between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists was about
the scope of power of the central government
the existence of slavery
the representation of large and small states
the people's right to rebel
20
Which of the following is NOT included in the executive branch?
the federal bureaucracy
Speaker of the House
the Cabinet
military
21
What Supreme Court case determined the ban on handguns was a violation of the 2nd Amendment?
Marbury v. Madison
DC v. Heller
Baker v. Carr
Citizens United v. FEC
22
What doctrine was established in the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?
separate is NOT equal doctrine
equality doctrine
separate but equal doctrine
doctrine of white supremacy
23
When party members meet to nominate a candidate for office it is called a
caucus
closed primary
open primary
general election
24
SCOTUS case: Political spending by corp., assoc, and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the1st Amendment
Citizens United v FEC
Lopez v US
Wisconsin v Yoder
Shaw v Reno
25
Proposes a government broken into three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.
Federalist No. 78
Federalist No. 70
Federalist No. 10
Federalist No. 51
26
What is controlled by central banks, like the Federal Reserve System?
fiscal policy
monetary policy
the Treasury Department
Congress
27
A designation within a spending bill that provides for a specific expenditure is called
earmark
pocket veto
mark up
pork barrel
28
Congress's power to establish lower courts is an example of
an inherent power
an enumerated power
an implied power
a concurrent power
29
Which of the following is true about the Virginia Plan?
It created 3 branches with a bicameral legislature
made the states supreme over the national government
created a unicameral legislature
it gave the national government limited powers
30
What has SCOTUS used to incorporate the Bill of Rights to state law?
14th Amendment
5th Amendment
necessary and proper clause
Civil Rights Act of 1964
31
Which is an accurate statement about presidential candidates and their campaign strategies?
focus on small states b/c they have more elect. votes than populous states
focus on large/competitive states that will help win more electoral votes
ignore the electoral college- most states are getting rid of winnertakeall
ignore the electoral college because the popular vote is what counts
32
Judges rely on past decisions and their precedents when making decisions in new cases is known as
writ of cert
stare decisis
amicus curiae
habeas corpus
33
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Founders create the Electoral College?
as compromise between electing the president by Congress & by popular vote
a compromise between the North & South on the strength of the national gvt
the fear of the "tyranny of the majority"
it would enforce the concept of federalism
34
What can end a filibuster
cloture
vote by the Rules Committee
markup
closure
35
Public school students have the 1st Amend. right to wear black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War was in
Tinker v Des Moines
Schenck v US
Wisconsin v Yoder
NY Times Co. v US
36
Differences in the House and Senate bills are resolved by
the president
the Senate Rules Committee
the Supreme Court
conference committee
37
Which of the following would be an accurate statement about the Instructed Delegate model of representation?
Legislators should follow their conscience when voting
Legislators should vote contrary to their constituents
Legislators should act as agents of their constituency
Legislators should vote based on PAC campaign contributions
38
The clear-and-present danger test was designed to define conditions for blocking free speech was which case?
Schenck v US
Engel v Vitale
Tinker v Des Moines
Gideon v Wainright
39
The main task of the federal bureaucracy is to
interpret and apply federal laws and programs
implement and administer the orders of the president
implement and administer the orders of the Cabinet
implement and administer federal laws and programs
40
A legal decision that establishes a rule for similar cases going forward is known as
president
amicus curiae
stare decisis
precedent
41
Which demographic groups has voted most consistently for Democrats in national elections over the last 30 yrs?
African Americans
Hispanics
Wealthy white males
Protestants
42
Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Baker v Carr
Plessy v Ferguson
Shaw v Reno
Brown v Board of Education
43
Which of the following would be an expressed power of the president?
power to tax
issuing an executive order
the ability to purchase land
the ability to command the armed forces
44
Which measures would a president adhering to supply-side economic principles most likely employ during a recession?
budget that increases taxes on the rich to redistribute funds to the poor
budget that increase funds for science research and NASA
budget with significant increase in federal spending on social programs
budget that cuts taxes and decreases gvt regulation of the economy
45
Bureaucratic discretionary authority is best defined as which of the following?
Supervision of depts and agencies conducted by congressional committees
The ability of exec. depts & agencies to choose how to enforce policy
Pwr of the pres. to create a law & implemented by bureaucracy w/o Congress
Regulations issued by gvt agencies to implement public policy
46
If Congress is no longer in session and the president does not sign a bill, in 10 days it is
a pocket veto
a law
a markup
a pigeonhole
47
Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the “1 person,1 vote” doctrine
Baker v Carr
Lopez v US
Citizens United v FEC
Shaw v Reno
48
The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states
Marbury v Madison
DC v Heller
McDonald v Chicago
Lopez v US
49
If the president and the vice president would die, who is next in line?
Speaker of the House
President Pro Tempore
Sec. of State
Secretary of Defense
50
Which of these presidents did not win the popular vote but won the presidency?
Benjamin Harrison
all of the above
Rutherford B. Hayes
George W Bush
51
What principle was established in Brown v. Board of Education?
Tuition for private schools is not tax deductible
Separating students by race is unconstitutional
A moment of silence in school is constitutional
School officials only need reasonable suspicion to search for drugs.
52
What argues that a single minority dominates politics in all policy areas?
pluralist theory
divine right theory
elitist theory
social contract theory
53
A fundamental source of presidential influence lies in the use of
spin control
photo opportunities
the bully pulpit
executive privilege
54
Congress derives a significant amount of power from
creating resolutions
inherent power clause
necessary and proper clause
executive orders
55
Lifetime appointments, guaranteed “during good behavior” to insure that judges can resistencroachments from the legis.
Federalist No. 78
Federalists No. 10
Federalist No. 51
Federalist No. 70
56
Which of the following best describes an example of amicus curiae?
Court's ruling that burning the US flag is protected free speech
The NAACP's brief in support of a black girl to attend an all white school
an argument challenging presidential action
The Court ruling that all persons are entitled to a court appointed lawyer
57
In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) decision, which two provisions in the Constitution were upheld and strengthened?
the full faith and credit clause and extradition clause
necessary and proper clause and the supremacy clause
Congress's power to regulate commerce and levy taxes
the First and 10th Amendments
58
The agenda-setting function of the media refers to the power to
favor the position of one interest group over another
mobilize economic interests in favor of one candidate
decide which issues are important to bring to the public's attention
endorse one specific candidate for office
59
What argues that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas?
pluralist theory
divine right theory
elitist theory
social contract theory
60
The freedom of the press, estab. a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even incases involving nat'l security
Schenck v US
Tinker v Des Moines
Lopez v US
McDonald v Chicago
61
Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about interest groups in the US?
they recruit and run candidates in elections
they educate people about pending legislation
they seek to influence public policy
they build relationships with congressional committees and the bureaucracy
62
What percentage of the petitions that are sent to the Supreme court are granted review?
1%
10%
3%
5%
63
When does a term of Congress begin?
Jan. 20 of odd numbered years
Jan. 3 of odd numbered years
Jan. 3 of even numbered years
Jan. 20 of even numbered years
64
Which of the following is true about the House of Representatives?
they serve a 6 year term
they serve a 2 year term with a term limit of 12 years
The Founding Fathers intended it to reflect the will of the people
is based on equal represenation
65
What case determined that the Supreme Court has the power to declare laws passed by Congress unconstitutional?
Baker v. Carr
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCulloch v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
66
Which of the following would NOT be a core value of US political culture?
political equality
legal equality
freedom of religion
economic equality
67
Which of the following is most likely to be supported by a person with conservative views?
the federal gvt should be less involved in regulating the economy
likely to favor reduced military spending by the federal government
the federal gvt should have a strong role in regulating the economy
raising taxes on top earners so wealth can be redistributed among people
68
Who said the life of man in the state of nature was nasty, brutish and short?
Thomas Hobbes
Niccolo Machiavelli
John Locke
Thomas Jefferson
69
What is the number of electoral votes based on?
population of the state
the number of members in Congress
the number of members in the House
every state has the same number of electoral votes
70
What do the 15th and 26th Amendments have in common?
both deal with due process rights
both originally focused on freed slaves and African Americans
both deal with the expansion of voting rights
both expanded the right of equal protection under the law
71
What level of government did the Bill of Rights originally apply?
federal, state and local
federal and state
federal only
state only
72
Which of the following is an accurate statement about media and its role of providing citizens with information?
investigative reporting dominates the news
demand of instant news has led to the growth of 24 hour news
all news today is unbiased and only report the facts
media is becoming controlled by the major political parties
73
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a linkage institution?
Congress
interest groups
media
political parties
74
How many electoral votes are needed to win the presidency?
435
270
175
250
75
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of incumbency in congressional elections?
voters think they do a good job in Congress
they have name recognition and are better known to voters
they receive more campaign contributions than their challengers
they provide important services for individual voters
76
The right of members of Congress to send mail to their constituents at the government’s expense
franking privilege
thanking privilege
mail privilege
incumbent privilege
77
A written message that the president issues upon signing a bill into law is called
a pocket veto
an executive statement
an executive order
an executive agreement
78
Which of the following statements about political parties and elections is false?
3rd party candidate aren't successful b/c voters know they can't win
Presidential nominees often choose 3rd party candidates as running mates
Winner-take-all hinders the electoral success of 3rd party candidates
The rules of the Electoral College favors the major-party candidates
79
Established that race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment
Plessy v Ferguson
Tinker v Des Moines
Engel v. Vitale
Brown v Board of Eduction
80
According to Madison, the best way to control the effects of factions is
a direct democracy
popular election of the president
the creation of a merit-based civil service
a large republic
81
Who said that the government's role is to protect people's natural rights?
Adam Smith
John Locke
Karl Marx
Niccolo Machiavelli
82
Compelling Amish students to attend school past the 8th grade violates the free exercise clause was what case?
Engel v Vitale
Tinker v Des Moines
Wisconsin v Yoder
New York Times Co. v US
83
When and where do electors meet to cast their ballots?
Mon. following the 2nd Wed. in December in their state capitals
1st Tues. after the 1st Mon. in November in their state capitals
Mon. following the 2nd Wed. in December in Congress (Capitol Hill)
1st Tues. after 1st Mon. in November in Congress (Capitol Hill)
84
Which statement provides the most accurate explanation of how consumer-driven media increases partisan polarization?
it tends to avoid discussing controversial topics
it reinforces existing political biases in individuals
relies heavily on corporate advertising
is overwhelmingly conservative
85
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent
Schenck v US
McDonald v Chicago
Gideon v Wainwright
Miranda v Arizona
86
Which is the doctrine, based on the 14th Amendment, that was used in McDonald v. Chicago to limit the pwr of state gvt?
Symbolic speech
Judicial Review
Selective incorporation
Equal Protection
87
Which is an accurate description of an Independent Administrative Agency?
Exec. branch unit that develops standards of behavior for industries
Responsible for a broadly defined function
Created by Congress & Pres. & should be protected from partisanship
88
Which of the following is NOT a reason political candidates use public opinion polls?
assess the recognition of a candidate's name
to bring their opponents opinions in alignment with their own
fine-tune policy stands
identify key issues among voters
89
It encourages candidates to focus their time & effort more on battleground states w/ large populations is against
the 2 party system
the proportional election system
modern 24 hours news media
the winner take all system
90
What case? B/c rural districts had fewer people, rep. was unevenly distributed & equal protection under law was denied
Plessy v. Ferguson
Grutter v. Bollinger
Wesberry v. Sanders
Baker v. Carr
91
Which of the following is NOT part of an iron triangle?
interest groups
bureacratic agencies
political parties
congressional committees
92
Voter has seen his income increase by 3%, is encouraged that the price of gas is down. By voting for the incum prez he's
Party-line voting
Rational-choice voting
Retrospective voting
Prospective voting
93
Which of the following is NOT a core political idea of the US?
socialism
liberty
free and fair elections
popular consent
94
In McDonald v. Chicago, SCOTUS ruled the 2nd Amendment was applicable to the states. This is an example of
strict scrutiny
selective incorporation
literalism
stare decisis
95
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
Lemon v Kurtzman
Wisconsin v Yoder
New York Times Co. v US
Engel v Vitale
96
The Americans with Disabilities Act is an example of...
a federal mandate
state supremacy
affirmative action
dual federalism
97
What US Amendment eliminated poll taxes?
15th
26th
24th
23rd
98
labor union spends millions of dollars to run negative ads about candidates before an election relates to which case?
Citizens United v. FEC
Obergefell v. Hodges
Roe v. Wade
McDonald v. Chicago
99
Which policy is likely to create the most tension between free enterprise and equality of opportunity?
Decreasingregulations on the sale of automatic weapons
Criminalizingthe use of recreational drugs like marijuana
Increasingfunding for space exploration
Passing an "equal pay/equal work" law to reduce gender differences in pay
100
The most common criterion that people use when voting for a presidential candidate is the candidate's
fiscal policy
view on specific issues
party identification
personal appearance

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