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Unit 3 - Land-Based Empires (WHAP) Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 3 - Land-Based Empires (WHAP)
Unit 3 - Land-Based Empires (WHAP)
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1
Czar Peter the Great's construction of St. Petersburg, along with ports, defensive walls, and canals is an example of...
Developed military professionals.
Recruitment of bureaucratic elites
Improved infrastructure and trade
Oppression of minorities
2
Despite the growing size and intensity of rebellions among peasants and nobles against monarchs, what was the RESULT?
REFORM!
REVOLUTION!
FAILURE!
SUCCESS!
3
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
4
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu numerical minority.
It had a smaller Muslim society governing over a larger Hindu population.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
5
Which one of the following is NOT an example of Akbar the Great's toleration of minorities in the Mughal Empire?
The recruitment of Zamindars into the Mughal bureaucracy
The "Divine Faith" policy designed to attract many religions
The ban on the Hindu practice of Sati
The Hindu exemption from the Jizya
6
Which of the following was NOT a specific NEW gunpowder tech. introduced from 1450-1750?
The star fort
The machine gun
The musket
The bombard/seige cannon
7
This empire, founded by nomadic Turks, practiced Sunni Islam. Defeated Byzantine Empire using gunpowder.
E) Russian Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
8
Which of the following is TRUE about insurrections against land-based empires of Afro-Eurasia?
Taxes rates were reduced as a result
They created democratic reforms
They were all brutally defeated
Absolute monarchies created parliaments for the elites
9
Mughal tolerance of Hindu
zamindars
(landowners) and
rajas
(local governors) is an example of how empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue
10
A expansive palace complex built by King Louis XIV of France to symbolize his authority as "the Sun King".
Hagia Sophia
St. Basil's Cathedral
Red Fort
Versailles
Taj Mahal
Forbidden City
11
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
12
Context: BEFORE 1450, identify the largest land-based empire in history - its methods inspired later states.
Roman Empire
Russian Empire
Mongol Empire
Han Dynasty
13
This South Asian empire was ruled by Sunni Muslims over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant overall.
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
E) Russian Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
14
How did religion experience a MAJOR change in Early Modern Europe?
Christians united in a series of Crusades
Large portions of Europe converted to Islam
Protestants split from Catholics
The Great Schism created the E. Orthodox Church
15
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Protestant Reformation?
Growing Church wealth and corruption
Simony (Selling of Church Positions)
Disagreements over who would be the next pope.
Selling of Indulgences
16
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army and bureacracy.
Abolished al forms of slavery within the empire.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
17
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
18
How did most/all imperial governments attempt to mitigate rampant corruption within their bureaucracies?
Allowed for more local autonomy of elites
Allowed bureaucrats to inherit positions and titles
Accepted bribes for high positions
Recruited through meritocracy
19
When did the Early Modern (Gunpowder) Era take place in world history?
c.1200-1450
c.600-1450
c.1450-1750
c.1750-1900
20
Why was the Ottoman capture of Constantinople from the Byzantines so significant?
It provided legitimacy as the former Roman/Byzantine capital
It was their original home & they wanted it back.
It was a strategic and lucrative port along the Indian Ocean network
They wanted it to build pasture land for their horses.
It was the most important religious site of their empire.
21
Although the Qing accepted most aspects of Chinese culture, what symbol of their culture were natives forced to adopt?
Manchu haircuts (the queue)
Manchu cuisine and dwellings
Manchu religious beliefs
Manchu architecture
22
In Beijing, China. Built for the "Celestial Emperor" & seat of government for 500 years. Very Daoist/Confucian layout!
Winter Palace
Forbidden City
Taj Mahal
Versailles
Hagia Sophia
Red Fort
23
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Forbidden City
Versailles
Taj Mahal
Red Fort
Winter Palace
Hagia Sophia
24
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
25
Guru Nanak founded the syncretic Sikh religion in which region c. 1500 CE?
East Asia
Russia
Middle East
South Asia
Central Asia
Southeast Asia
26
What new type of monarchy expanded the power in the hands of the king in BOTH land and maritime empires?
Absolute Monarchy
Oligarchy
Constitutional Monarchy
Feudalism
Limited Monarchy
Theocracy
27
The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
28
A Byzantine cathedral, converted into a Sunni mosque by Mehmet the Conqueror. Other mosques in Istanbul emulated it.
Versailles
Red Fort
St. Basil's Cathedral
Forbidden City
Hagia Sophia
Taj Mahal
29
This empire was established in East Asia by a nomadic group called the Manchus who largely adopted Confucianism.
E) Russian Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
30
ALL of the following are MAJOR changes that took place during the Early Modern Era EXCEPT:
Strengthening of Imperial Rule through Gunpowder
Globalization of Trade- Exchanges
The Decline of Eastern World Powers
Intensification of Coerced Systems of Labor and Production
31
This Middle Eastern empire, centered in Persia, followed Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
E) Russian Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
32
What was a POLITICAL reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?
It wanted to stop khanates and pastoralists from collecting tributes
It wanted to take advantage of the rich trade in fur.
It wanted to spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
It wanted to control sea trade in the Indian ocean.
33
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Romans
The Egyptians
The Aztecs
The Byzantines
The Persians
The Song Dynasty
34
How did the Ottomans defeat the Byzantines, the Russians defeat the Khanates, the Mughals defeat the Delhi Sultanate...?
Gunpowder
Gunpowder
Gunpowder
Gunpowder
Gunpowder
Gunpowder
35
How are land-empires different from maritime empires of the Early Modern Era?
Land Empires were not separated by oceans.
Only land empires constructed monumental architecture
Only maritime empires relied on gunpowder techs.
Only maritime empires sponsored state religions to rule
36
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
37
Which of the following was an EFFECT of the Protestant Reformation in Europe?
Increasing tolerance of new faiths and doctrines
A complete collapse of the Catholic Church in Europe
Rivalries between European states intensified (i.e. 30 Years War)
A decline in religious fervor/identity
38
Tax farming
often led to increased corruption but also allowed for....
Increasing government debts
Loyalty among local elites/bureaucrats
Decreasing tax burdens on peasants
Shrinking government expenses
39
Which modified version of an old idea of rulers was devised in Christian-dominated Europe in this era?
The Shahanshah (King of Kings)
The Caliphate
Caesaropapism
"Divine Right" of Kings
The Mandate of Heaven
40
In Moscow. Built by Czar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
Hagia Sophia
Taj Mahal
Forbidden City
St. Basil's Cathedral
Red Fort
Versailles
41
Czar Catherine's policy of expelling Jewish peoples and forcing them into the
Pale of Settlement
is an example of...
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Oppression of minorities
42
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Buddhism
43
Gunpowder reduced the power of nobles/elites in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
Stone/ wooden castles of elites became obsolete
Kings could equip larger armies more cheaply.
Kings no longer required professional soldiers (knights) for armies
Gunpowder weapons had to be imported from the East
44
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used WHAT to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Cultural religious powers
Technological powers
Social powers
45
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems