The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity EQ2

Question 1

Occurs when long term precipitation is much lower than normal

Accepted Answer

Meteorological drought

Question 2

What is thought to have stopped the ITCZ rains from arriving in 2002?(causing drought in Sahel)

Accepted Answer

air pollution in Europe and North America

Question 3

Are scientists certain about the cause of global warming?

Accepted Answer

No

Question 4

What is the impact of drought on wetland ecosystem functioning?

Accepted Answer

not enough soil moisture for plants to survive, aquatic and non-aquatic birds migrate

Question 5

How does urbanisation increase flood risk?

Accepted Answer

impermeable surfaces increase surface runoff, drainage systems shorten river lag times

Question 6

Which of these will not be affected by climate change?

Accepted Answer

salinity of precipitation

Question 7

Climate change could...

Accepted Answer

reduce the amount of precipitation, increase precipitation intensity

Question 8

What can be a consequence of overgrazing and over-cultivation?

Accepted Answer

desertification

Question 9

What percentage of the Earth's land surface is predicted to be in drought by 2090?

Accepted Answer

30%

Question 10

Which of these was not included in the £5 billion estimate for the cost of the 2015-16 floods?

Accepted Answer

compensation for commuters who had been stranded

Question 11

As a result of climate change, by 2050 the UK...

Accepted Answer

will experience more flash flooding, will experience sea level rise

Question 12

How many properties were flooded in England in the 2015-16 floods?

Accepted Answer

16,000

Question 13

Occurrence depends on variations of supply and demand

Accepted Answer

Socio economic drought

Question 14

What is the result of normal conditions in the Pacific? (without El Niño or La Niña)

Accepted Answer

dry in South America, rainfall in Eastern Australia

Question 15

ENSO cycles cause...

Accepted Answer

Meteorological drought

Question 16

How could embankments increase flood risk?

Accepted Answer

discharge transferred to choke (narrow area of river)

Question 17

How has human activity directly affected drought risk?

Accepted Answer

over-abstraction, reservoirs/water transfers

Question 18

Which human activity leads to removal of wetlands?

Accepted Answer

floodplain drainage

Question 19

Since 1990, how many people have died as a result of drought?

Accepted Answer

11 million

Question 20

What may cause a 'secondary wave' of deaths after a flooding event? e.g. Pakistan 2010

Accepted Answer

diseases spread in contaminated water, food shortages because crops are damaged

Question 21

La Niña conditions cause flooding in South America and droughts in Eastern Australia

Accepted Answer

False

Question 22

Which of these is not a consequence of deforestation?

Accepted Answer

increased precipitation

Question 23

What type of air pressure causes cloudy, rainy wweather?

Accepted Answer

low pressure

Question 24

Which of these statements is false?

Accepted Answer

extreme monsoonal rainfall causes jokulhlaups

Question 25

What proportion of Piñon trees died in New Mexico after the 2000-2003 drought?

Accepted Answer

90%

The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity EQ2

Questions 25

The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity EQ2

Questions 25