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IB Biology Review for Exam
IB Biology Review for Exam
100 terms
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Biochemistry Review
Flashcards
100 cards
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Questions
100
Answers
1
What type of macromolecule is the structure labeled C?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
2
When liquid water is heated, most of the energy that the water absorbs is used to:
raise the temperature ofthe water
break the covalent bondsbetween the hydrogen and oxygen
make the water boil
break the hydrogen bondsbetween the water molecules
3
What is the pentose sugar that is found in RNA?
glucose
deoxyribose
fructose
ribose
4
Which of the following is not a reason the Davson-Danielli model was changed?
evidence was gathered with the use of an electron microscope
membranes are all the same in structure and function
not all membranes are identical or symmetrical
a protein layer is not likely because it is largely nonpolar
5
What is the function of the organelle found on the organelle shown in the micrograph?
transport substances
create vesicles
synthesize proteins
produce lipids
6
Where do the directions for making proteins at the ribosomes come from?
rRNA
tRNA
ribosomes
nucleus
7
Which of the following is not a characteristic of globular proteins?
tightly bound
functional
Mostly tertiary instructure
not soluble in water
8
Which of the following is NOT a major function of lipids in the human body?
Insulation
Long term energy storage
As a short term energy source
Semi-permeable membrane of all cells
9
Which of the following is the primary carbohydrate storage molecule in animals?
triglyceride
glucose
starch
glycogen
10
Which process is due to the fluidity of the cell membrane?
cell recognition
ATP production
osmosis
endocytosis
11
These special extensions of bacteria allow for exchange of genetic material
plasmid
flagella
pili
cilia
12
The outer side of the membrane differs from the inner side because the outer side contains
cholesterol
peripheral proteins
hydrophilic phosphate groups
glycoproteins
13
What molecule is essential for endocytosis, exocytosis and Na+/K+ pump?
potassium
ATP
sodium
protein
14
The process in which the cell takes up a substance by surrounding it with the membrane is
passive transport
endocytosis
protein pump
exocytosis
15
Most biological molecules have this type of bond:
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
phosphodiester
16
What is the minimum number of each level of treatment for science experiments in IB Bio?
5
3
varies
6
17
Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
amoeba
liver cell
none of these
plant cell
18
When nerve cells are organized as the brain it can think, what property does this represent?
emergent
adaptive
learning
anatomical
19
1. A polysaccharide made of 5 glucose molecules has the following formula
5CH12O6
C30H60O30
C5H10O5
C30H52O26
20
Which property makes stem cells suitable fortherapeutic use?
Their chromosomes are suitable for gene transferand cloning
They contain chemicals that can kill bacteria
They can differentiate into specialized cells
They can divide by meiosis to form gametes
21
Which organelle is labeled #10?
golgi appartus
smooth ER
vacuole
chloroplast
22
Denaturation
of an enzyme
a. Can be reversed byfreezing below 0 degrees Celcius
a. Changes the substrate active site
a. Changes the enzyme active site
a. Can be reversed bylowering the temperature
23
Increasing
the substrate concentration
Increases the amount of enzyme
Increases the number of active sites
Decreases the amount of product
Increases the amount of product
24
Amino acids join together during:
covalent bondage
a. Hydrolysis reactions
polar circles
a. Condensation reactions
25
Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
reduce amphipathic properties
increase fluidity of membrane
reduces the permeability of the membrane
provide a hydrophobic bilayer
26
Which features are present in prokaryotic cells?
DNA, plasma membrane and mitochondria
DNA, mitochondria and cell wall
DNA, cell membrane and ribosomes
nucleus, cell membrane and ribosomes
27
Where does the inhibitor bind in non-competitive inhibition?
allosteric site
no binding takes place
the substrate
active site
28
What type of lipid has four fused rings as the main portion of their structure?
fatty acid
glycerol
phospholipid
steroid
29
All cells have which of the following?
mitochondria
nucleus
cell wall
cell membrane
30
Which of the following types of cell transport moves against the concentration gradient?
endocytosis
facilitated diffusion
osomosis
diffusion
31
The electron micrograph below shows which organelle?
mitochondria
vesicle
lysosome
golgi appartus
32
In a water molecule,
oxygen has slight - charge and hydrogen has slight + charge
oxygen has slight + charge and hydrogen has slight - charge
a. All of the atoms have a slight positive charge.
a. There is no charge at all.
33
In the structure of the cell membrane, glycoproteins are
proteins attached to cholesterol
carbohydrate chains attached to membrane proteins
carbohydrate tails attached to phospholipids
protein tails attached to phosopholipids
34
What are the two fatty acid tails of a phospholipid made up of?
hydrocarbons
glycerol
COOH groups
saturated fatty acids only
35
What type of macromolecule is substance E?
carbohydrate
protein
phospholipid
lipid
36
Which of the following is NOT an example of an integral protein?
glycoprotein
aquaporin
channel protein
fibrous protein
37
What type of bond connects #9 to cytosine?
covalent
hydrogen
ionic
phosphodiester
38
The diagram below is:
galactose
glucose
deoxyribose
ribose
39
How many histone molecules make up a nucleosome?
1
8
9
4
40
Which organelle is found on the organelle shown in the micrograph?
vesicle
ribosomes
chromosomes
rough ER
41
Water dissolves which of the following substances?
hydrophobic
non-polar
neutral
polar
42
Which statement is part of the cell theory?
Cells have cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane
Cells are composed of organic molecules
Cells come from preexisting cells
Cells have DNA as their genetic material
43
The image below is:
trans fatty acid
saturated fatty acid
glycerol
cis unsaturated fatty acid
44
Materials that leave and enter the golgi apparatus are
are packaged in or on vesicles
are destined for export from the cell
connect directly to the ER
are transported by proteins
45
Glucose functions in
photosynthesis
storage
as a solvent
respiration
46
What property of water allows it to stick to a dry surface, such as a wooden countertop?
cohesion
adhesion
solvent
polarity
47
The picture below is
protein
amino acid
carboxyl group
fatty acid
48
The bond between two amino acids in a dipeptide is called a:
peptide
dipeptide
phosphodiester
covalent
49
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying drugs?
smooth ER
liver
lysosomes
nucleus
50
How many different amino acids are found naturally in biology?
20
15
25
64
51
Which is smallest: width of a virus, width of bacterium or thickness of cell membrane?
width of virus
they are all the same size
width of bacterium
thickness of cell membrane
52
Flagella are sometimes found on prokaryotic cells and their primary function is
attachment
reproduction
stability
movement
53
Which of the following elements is not found in carbohydrates?
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen
carbon
54
What is #4?
cytosine
guanine
uracil
thymine
55
Which statement is correct about proteins
There are 20 different proteins
All proteins are enzymes
Antibodies are proteins
A protein is made of 20 different amino acids in a sequence
56
In a cell, what is the effect of a
large surfacearea
to
volume ratio
?
Fasterheat loss
Faster rate of mitosis
Slowerintake of food
Slowerrate of exchange of waste materials
57
Which number points to the organelle responsible for holding spindle fibers in place?
5
1
2
3
58
Which of the following processes includes all others?
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
diffusion
59
Which of the following is a unicellular organism that carries out all functions of life?
virus
plant
paramecium
fungi
60
This protein is found in tears. Its function is to kill bacteria.
Lysozyme
Collagen
Integrin
Amylase
61
Condensation
is the
Building bigger molecules with the addition of water
Breaking bigger molecules with the addition of water
Breaking of bigger molecules with the removal of water
Building of bigger molecules with the removal of water
62
Which of the following is not an example of a monosaccharide?
glucose
maltose
ribose
galactose
63
A
fatty acid
is a long chain of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms with a:
Water molecule found on one end
Oleic acid found on one end
Glycerol found on both ends
Carboxyl group found on one end
64
Which organelle is not found in the cell shown below?
lysosomes
chloroplasts
ribosomes
nucleus
65
How many hydrogen bonds are found between cytosine and guanine?
varies
none
2
3
66
Which of the following is not a purine?
adenine
guanine
they are all purines
thymine
67
The primary function of this protein is transport:
keratin
hemoglobin
amylase
myosin
68
What type of lipid is a major component of the cell membrane?
fatty acid
steroid
glycerol
phospholipid
69
Which of the following organelles has a double membrane?
vesicle
ribosome
vacuole
mitochondria
70
Fructose is
an amino acid
a polysaccharide
a monosaccharide
a disaccharide
71
Differentiation results in cells
mutating
transcribing some of their DNA
using all of their DNA during replication
changing type when they replicate
72
Where are proteins synthesized in a cell?
ribosomes
mitochondria
vesicles
polypeptides
73
A plant storage substance is
glycogen
starch
glucagon
cellulose
74
Which of the following would increase the rate of diffusion?
increase in temperature
thicker membrane
decrease in temperature
decrease in pressure
75
If you place a cell with 80% water and 20% solute into a solution with 90% water & 10% solute
solute will diffuse out of cell
water will move into cell
there will be no net movement
water will move out of cell
76
If G is a pore protein in which water crosses the cell membrane via osmosis, what is it called?
Na/K pump
aquaporin
protein channel
peripheral protein
77
Maintaining a constant and stable internal environment is
nutrition
sensitivity
homeostasis
metabolism
78
Which nitrogenous base is only found in RNA?
thymine
uracil
guanine
cytosine
79
Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
cytosine
adenine
thymine
uracil
80
Water molecules are attached together by
covalent bonds
hydrolysis
hydrogen bonds
condensation
81
What gives each amino acid its character and leads to such a huge variety in proteins?
alpha carbon
COOH group
R group
amine group
82
As the volume of a cell increases, what happens to the surface area to volume ratio?
it stays the same
it decreases
it increases
it depends on type of cell
83
Which of the following is a feature of exocytosis but not endocytosis?
secretion
shape changes of membrane
use of ATP
vesicle formation
84
Which of the following is
not
an example of an
enzyme cofactor
?
vitamin C
zinc ion
pepsin
calcium ion
85
Which functions are carried out by all unicellular organisms?
growth, reproduction and photosynthesis
metabolism, photosynthesis, and growth
photosynthesis, nutrition and homeostasis
nutrition, reproduction and response
86
The storage carbohydrate in liver and muscles is
cellulose
protein
fatty acids
glycogen
87
What carbon does the nitrogeneous base attach to on deoxyribose?
5
3
1
varies
88
In evaporation ofwater
hydrogen bonds are formed
covalent bonds are broken
covalent bonds are formed
hydrogen bonds are broken
89
The DNA in eukaryotic cells is
linear but not contained in nucleus
circular and not contained in nucleus
circular and contained in nucleus
linear and contained in nucleus
90
Lactose can be hydrolyzed into what two substances by the enzyme lactase?
galactose & lactose
fructose & sucrose
glucose and galactose
glucose & fructose
91
What type of fatty acid has all carbon atoms connected by single covalent bonds?
trans-unsaturated
saturated
Cis-Unsaturated
triglyceride
92
Which of the following is
not a true statement
regarding enzymes:
a. Enzymes make it easier for a reaction to take place
a. Enzymes are specific
a. Enzymes catalyze reactions
Enzymes are used up in a reaction
93
What is the substrate similar to in competitive inhibition?
enzyme
inhibitor
allosteric site
none of these
94
Which structure is an example of a peripheral protein?
E
A
F
G
95
The variable that is measured in an experiment is the
manipulated variable
control group
responding variable
controlled variable
96
A codon codes for
genes
mRNA chain
an amino acid
protein
97
The Singer-Nicolson Model is now known as what model?
Fluid Mosaic
Watson-Salvadore
Lipid Bilayer
Davson-Danielli
98
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
ribosome
golgi appartus
mitochondria
chloroplast
99
What type of bond connects carbon #3 on one dexoyribose molecule with a phosphate group?
hydrogen
ionic
phosphodiester
covalent
100
What is the function of the plasma membrane of abacterium?
to attach to host cells
to synthesize ribosomes
for support
to control entry and exit of substances