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APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750) Flashcards | StudBud
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APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750)
APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750)
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1
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
2
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Byzantines
The Egyptians
The Romans
The Chinese
3
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a
SOCIAL
consequence?
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
4
What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?
The Spanish crown wanted to give equal rights to Natives and Africans.
Women increasingly asserting their desire for suffrage.
Whole families fled religious violence in Europe to create settler colonies
European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families
5
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Regional trade in the Americas
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
6
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
7
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
8
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
9
"Boats on the Great Canal" is an example of the Song
recruiting of Elites
interacting with Environment in Public Works
producing of goods for export
promoting Confucianism
10
The 'pilgrims' started a wave of British settler colonies in the Americas. What were they looking for?
They were looking to spread Catholicism.
The were looking for gold.
They were Protestants looking to flee religious violence.
They were looking for a passage to Asia.
11
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Hinduism and Buddhism
Islam and Confucianism
12
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages
EXCEPT
:
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
13
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
14
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
15
In Beijing, China. Built for the "Celestial Emperor" & seat of government for 500 years. Very Confucian layout!
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
16
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
17
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Encomienda System
Indentured Servitude
18
The land empire that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy, spurring European powers to explore, was
the Ottomans
the Safavids
the Mughals
the Manchu Qing
19
"Peasant women weaving silk" in the during the Song Era demonstrates the
Social promotion of Confucianism
Political Recruitment of Elites
Economic production of goods for export
Interaction with Environment in Public Works
20
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
21
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
22
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
23
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
24
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
25
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
silver-backed currencies.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
caravels using lateen sails.
colonies in the Americas.
26
In Isfahan, Iran. A mosque for SHIA Islam. Built by Shah Abbas in new capital city, it was the Royal Mosque.
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
27
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
28
Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)
Peninsulare, Creole, Mestizo, Mulatto
Creole, Mestizo, Peninsulare, Mulatto
Creole, Peninsulare, Mulatto, Mestizo
Peninsulare, Mesitzo,Creole, Mulatto
29
How did both the Qing Dynasty & Tokugawa Shogunate respond to European influence?
They allowed European merchants free trading privileges.
They promoted Asian trade but limited European missionaries & merchants.
They cut off all contact with the outside world.
They encouraged the spread of Christianity in their territories.
30
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
mit'a
chattel slavery
encomienda
indentured servitude
31
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
32
In Istanbul, Turkey. Mosque for SUNNI Islam. Built for Sultan Süleyman. Also a MAUSOLEUM for tombs of Sultans.
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
33
Which region
DID NOT
contribute navigation technologies that 15th century Europeans relied on?
East Asia
The Americas
South Asia
Middle East
34
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
35
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Cultural religious powers
Economic powers
Social powers
Technological powers
36
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
37
The "casta system" was
an economic system.
a racially based social hierarchy.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
a Latin American card game.
38
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
39
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
China
Russia
South Asia
Middle East
40
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
41
What was
NOT
a reason for European maritime exploration and empire building?
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
42
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
43
In Moscow. Built by Tsar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
Spanish Empire
French Empire
Russian Empire
German Empire
44
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
45
The expansion of empires led to conflict. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons for the Ottoman-Safavid conflict?
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
46
This image "The Examination Hall for the Bureaucrats" is best understood in the following context?
Interaction with Environment in Public Works
Political Recruitment of Elites
Social promotion of Confucianism
Economic production of goods for export
47
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
48
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
49
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
50
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
51
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
52
Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
53
Which cannon would you take to war?
Russian Cannons
Qing Dynasty Cannons
Mughal Cannons
Ottoman Cannons
54
How is gunpowder made?
collecting angry sand
by mixing sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal
combining salt and peppa
magic
55
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
56
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
57
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
58
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
59
Who discovered gunpowder/how?
by blacksmiths looking to create better metals
by alchemists trying to discover a potion of immortality
by peasants who dug it up during farming
by religious leaders looking for a way to scare away spirits.
60
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
61
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
62
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Egyptian Empire
Mongol Empire
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
63
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
Safavid Empire
Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Mughal Empire
