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Chemistry Semester Review
Chemistry Semester Review
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A #chemistry review. #highschool #scientificmethod #conversions #atomictheory
Flashcards
58 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Why are atoms electrically neutral?
There are more protons than electrons in atoms.
Neutrons carry no charge.
Protons and electrons cancel out each other’s charge.
The neutrons balance out any charge.
2
A line spectrum is produced when an electron moves from one energy level
into the nucleus
to a higher energy level
to a lower energy level
to another position in the same sublevel
3
Elements are made of how many types of atoms
3
1
9
7
4
What is the trend for ionization energy across a period from left to right?
Increases
Decreases
5
The most reactive group of the nonmetals is the
lanthanides
alkali
halogens
noble gases
6
Identify the sublevels in a period that contains 32 elements
spd
spdf
sp
s
7
As you go down a group, (period to period) what are you adding to the atom?
1 Proton
Energy Levels
8 Electrons
Nuclei
8
How many electrons are needed to completely fill the fourth energy level
40
32
8
6
9
A measurement that closely agrees with an accepted value is
significant
accurate
reproducible
precise
10
Measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons
electron affinity
electronegativity
ionization potential
electron configuration
11
Which subatomic particle has the smallest mass?
Electron
Proton
Nucleus
Neutron
12
An element with the general electron configuration of ns
2
p
5
is a
halogen
noble gas
alkali metal
alkaline earth metal
13
How many electrons does neon have?
2
1
11
10
14
What is the l quantum number for an
f
orbital?
3
1
2
0
15
The person whose work led to a periodic table based on increasing atomic number
Mendeleev
Moseley
Cannizzaro
Rutherford
16
Argon, krypton, and xenon are
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
actinides
noble gases
17
Compared to the entire atom, the nucleus of the atom is
smaller and contains least mass
smaller and contains most mass
smaller and no mass
larger and contains most mass
18
What model of the atom is represented in this image?
Bohr’s Model
Billiard Ball Model
Electron-Cloud Model
Plum Pudding Model
19
The nucleus of an atom is:
Negatively charged with low density
Negatively charged with high density
Positively charge with high density
Positively charged with low density
20
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom is an atom's
ionization energy
electronegativity
electron affinity
electron energy
21
Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the
protons
neutrons
nucleus
electrons
22
Cations are always ________ than the atom and anions are always ________ than the atom.
smaller, larger
more information is needed
same size, same size
larger, smaller
23
The most common form of hydrogen has
two neutrons
no neutron
one neutron
three neutrons
24
What is an isotope?
Atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons
Hydrogen Flavored Ice Cream
Periodic Table of Elements shaped tampons
Atom of a different element with the same number of neutrons
25
A mixture is
a combination of pure substances bonded chemically
a blend of any 2 or more kinds of matter, maintains property
any substance with a uniform composition
any group of elements that are chemically bonded
26
How many neutrons are in this isotope of Magnesium?
37
13
12
25
27
What element is this?
Oxygen
Fluorine
Nitrogen
Carbon
28
As the atomic number increases, the number of electrons in a neutral atom
decrease
undetermined
stays the same
increases
29
According to the law of definite proportions, any 2 samples of KCl have
different molecular structures
the same melting point
same ratio of elements
the same mass
30
elements whose e- configuration end with s
2
p
5
in highest occupied energy level belong to GROUP
3
7
10
17
31
The electron configuration of aluminum, atomic number 13, is [Ne]3s
2
3p
1
What Period?
6
1
2
3
32
a theory is best described as a
testable staement
series of experimental observatin
scientifically proven fact
generalization explains a body of known facts
33
The angular momentum quantum number indicates the
orientation of an orbital
shape of the orbital
direction of the spin
main energy level
34
Modern atomic theory shows electrons orbiting around the nucleus like planets around the sun.
False
True
35
The number above each element represents what?
electrons in the nuclei
neutrons in the nuclei
no correct answers
protons in the nuclei
36
What model of the atom is represented in this image?
Billiard Ball Model
Bohr’s Model
Plum Pudding Model
Electron-Cloud Model
37
What element has the electron configuration of: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
3
?
Arsenic (As)
None of the above
Phosphorus (P)
Nitrogen (N)
38
Whose series of experiments identified the nucleus of the atom
Dalton
Chadwick
Bohr
Rutherford
39
What is the Atomic Radius Trend as you go across a period from left to right?
The atomic radius remains neutral
The atomic radius decreases
The atomic radius fluctuates depending on energy levels
The atomic radius increases
40
How many electrons can shell 1 hold up to?
8
2
5
4
41
Emission of electrons from metals that have absorbed photons is called
interference effect
photoelectric effect
quantum effect
dual effect
42
The main energy levels of an atom are indicated by the
principal quantum numbers
spin quantum numbers
orbital quantum numbers
magnetic quantum numbers
43
The term “atom” comes from the Greek philosopher named?
Socrates
Democritus
Galileo
Aristotle
44
What are the radioactive elements with the atomic number 90-103 called
lanthanides
actinides
noble gases
alkali metals
45
What is the trend for atomic radius at we go from the top of a group to the bottom?
Decreases
Increases
46
Which element has the electron configuration shown below?
Iron
Calcium
Argon
Zinc
47
What is an anion?
A positively charged ion
An onion shaped ion that makes you cry when you chop it up
A negatively charged ion
An ion with no charge
48
Experiments with the cathode ray resulted in the discovery of?
Atoms
Electrons
Protons
Neutrons
49
A 3D region around a nucleus where an electron may be found
orbital
spectral line
electron path
obrit
50
Who first created the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
Marie Curie
Neils Bohr
Albert Einstein
51
What is Niels Bohr’s contribution to modern atomic theory?
Electrons have a negative charge.
Electrons exist outside of the nucleus.
Electrons exist in regions of space called orbitals.
Electrons are found in specific energy levels.
52
Which of the following is an extensive property of matter
melting point
volume
boiling point
density
53
How many quantum numbers are there
2
3
1
4
54
Which of the following is NOT a chemical change
ignighting
burning
melting
rusting
55
Which of the following is not a physical change?
boiling
grinding
cutting
burning
56
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion
A cat shaped ion that meows
An ion with no charge
A negatively charged ion
57
What is the mass of this isotope of Magnesium?
12
37
13
25
58
A substance made up of atoms of two or elements
symbol
compound
element
atoms
