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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
2
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located near large market areas
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
factory close to raw materials
3
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Bioengineering
Genetically modified organisms
Subsistence farming
Agribusiness
4
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is based on amenities
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is centered around transportation routes
5
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
6
Who developed Central Place Theory?
August Losch
Walt Rostow
Walter Christaller
Ernest Burgess
7
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
all of the above
Gross National Income
Life expectancy
Literacy Rates
8
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
total farmland in the US is decreasing
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
9
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
United States
Afghanistan
Peru
Germany
10
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
chicken; beef
beef; pork
pork; beef
pork; shrimp
11
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
birth rates
death rates
age - sex rations
total population growth
12
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
decline of communications technologies
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
loss of interconnectedness between places
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
13
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
increase in American and international tourism
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
14
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
chain migration
internal migration
step migration
transnational migration
15
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage III
Stage I
Stage II
Stage IV
16
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
infant mortality rate
literacy rate
GDP per capita
total fertility rate
17
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable along busy streets
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets used extensively for transportation services
18
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all non-governmental organizations
they are all supranational organizations
they are all military alliances
they are all multinational corporations
19
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Within the central business district in Portland
Near the port in Portland
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
20
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are located in one specific place
They have been practiced throughout human history
21
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
22
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
23
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
total population growth stabilizes
24
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Karl Marx
Thomas Malthus
Von Thunen
Esther Boserup
25
Doubling time is -
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
26
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Stacked voting
Gerrymandering
Redlining
Blockbusting
27
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
declining population in some developed countries
28
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
China
India
United States
Northern England & Southern Scotland
29
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
asylum seekers
undocumented immigrants
refugees
internationally displaced persons
30
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
The city was completely surrounded by water
The soil quality changed for each ring
31
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Smart growth
Zoning ordinances
Urban renewal
32
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Shintoism
Buddhism
Hinduism
Judaism
33
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
Urbanization
Block busting
White flight
Gentrification
34
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
raising the retirement age
decreasing taxes on the workforce
35
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
36
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Least cost Theory
Commodification
Comparative advantage
Supranationalism
37
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
United Kingdom
China
Russia
Japan
38
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Furniture
Copper
Automobiles
Sailboats
39
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
typical practice of transnational corporations
typical examples are customer call centers
allows for 24 hour work day
cheaper labor costs
40
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
primary industries
tertiary industries
weight reducing industries
weight gaining industries
41
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Influenza spreading throughout South America
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
42
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 1
Stage 4
Stage 3
Stage 2
43
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Conquest Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Organic Theory
Agriculture Theory
44
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
45
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
political instability in the neighboring countries
chain migration over international borders
educational opportunities available on the internet
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
46
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Toponyms
Assimilation
Acculturation
Symbols
47
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is media driven
It is typically found in remote regions
It includes traits that change often
It is widespread
48
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
new street signs in multiple languages
a educational campaign to address uneven development
a high speed railway
49
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
Paris, France
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
50
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Vegetables, forest, milk
Wheat, livestock, milk
Milk, forest, wheat
Livestock, milk, wheat
51
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the market area of a service
the minimum number of people to support a service
52
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Education systems
Electric power grids
water and sewer systems
churches and religious institutions
53
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
Southern states are 'right to work'
Development of new ports
54
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
55
This image represents
ethnic exclave
ethnic enclave
ethnic segregation
ethnic separatism
56
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Ecumene
Infrastructure
Demographics
Density
57
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
schools and universities
major roads and airports
electrical and nuclear power plants
sports and recreation centers
58
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
59
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Authoritarianism
Unitary
Republic
Federalism
60
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
industrialization
colonization
urbanization
military power
61
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
biological characteristics of a group of people
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
62
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
anti-natalism
strict natalism
pro-natalism
liberal natalism
63
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it creates higher energy costs
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it reduces commute times
64
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
falling rapidly
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
growing rapidly
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
65
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to raw materials
next to a shipping port
next to an airport
in a city