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AP World Modern Review (1200-1900) Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World Modern Review (1200-1900)
AP World Modern Review (1200-1900)
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1
The market share of which of the following regions increases the greatest due to industrialization after 1750?
W Europe and the US
Middle East
China/ East Asia
India/ South Asia
2
All of the following factors contributed to industrialization in the late 1700s EXCEPT:
A large population
Availability of a labor force
Accumulation of capital investment
Access to raw material such as coal, timber, iron
3
Why did states and empires of the Post-Classical era increasingly sponsor specific religions?
To reduce religious conflicts
To provide spiritual enrichment
To provide protection to minorities
To unify diverse peoples and legitimize rule
4
What AP World Region is identified on this map in YELLOW?
Southeast Asia
Middle East
East Asia
South Asia
5
Political ideals from the Enlightenment were reflected in all of these documents EXCEPT:
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Jamaica Letter
The Communist Manifesto
The Declaration of Independence
6
How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?
An empire was established from the wealth from trade
Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language
Epidemic diseases were introduced that weakened the region
Indian merchants introduced Buddhism and Hinduism
7
Extreme devotion to one's ethnic, cultural group to create new states/patriotism is called...
Imperialism
Nationalism
Colonization
Patriotism
8
What is a caliphate?
The principle of Islamic holy war
The collection of Islamic law codes
An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam
The religious authority of all Muslims
9
Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?
The Black Death pandemic ended
A massive population boom caused by new agricultural methods
Empires fell and taxes were not charged as often
New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires
10
Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?
Cavalry and siege tactics and technologies used
Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder
Building an empires from tribes of herders
Genghis khan had millions of descendents
11
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?
Africa isolated itself from exchanges
Migrations slowed across the Atlantic
New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations
Disease epidemics reduced populations
12
What years represent the MODERN ERA in world history?
c.600-1450 CE
c.1750-1900 CE
c.1450-1750 CE
c.1200-1450 CE
13
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?
Industrialization of the Economy
Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires
The Rise of Nationalism through Revolutions
Global Migrations Intensify
14
All of these were Land-Based Early Modern Empires that used gunpowder and absolutism to expand EXCEPT:
The Ottoman Empire
The Portuguese Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empire
The Russian Empire
15
What are the dates covered on the AP World: Modern Exam?
Beginnings to c.2000 CE
600 BCE to 600 CE
1200 CE to 2000 CE
600 CE to 2000 CE
16
Colonial economies depended on coerced labor systems to operate mines and cash-crop plantations including all EXCEPT:
Convict Labor
The mita system
Indentured Servitude
The Encomienda/Hacienda
17
How did the Mongol Empire (and other states) promote interregional trade and travel?
Maintained infrastructure (roads, walls, bridges, canals)
All of the above
Protected merchants and travelers
Issued currencies and taxed/regulated trade
18
What played a more important role in distinguishing rulers from their colonial subjects?
Political Beliefs
Gender
Slavery
Race
19
Which expanding trade network is colored in RED on the map below?
The Mediterranean
The Silk Roads
The Indian Ocean Basin
The Trans-Saharan
20
Which state grew powerful from control and development of the Trans-Saharan network?
Mamluk Sultanate
Swahili City-States
Kingdom of Ethiopia
Mali Empire
21
Portuguese state investment by Prince Henry and others in navigation led to...
Portuguese discovery of Australia
A global trading-post empire
Colonization of the African interior
The discovery of a Northwest Passage to China
22
What AP World Region is identified on this map in ORANGE?
South America
Latin America
North America
Mesoamerica
23
Which diasporic community could be found in the Mediterranean and along the Indian Ocean?
The Arabs
The Indians and Malays
The Chinese
The Jews
24
How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?
Travelers moved from one side of Eurasia to another
Eurasia became linked to Sub-Saharan Africa
Migrations of peoples from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
The Americas were integrated into European empires
25
These organizations were created by European merchants and nobles and were often given state monopolies to export goods
Joint-Stock Companies
Stock Markets
Limited Liability Corporations (LLCs)
Banking Houses
26
Which social groups witnessed a significant DECLINE in their power in the Early Modern Era?
The Nobility (Aristocrats)
Absolute Monarchs
The Merchants
Scholars and Clergy
27
All of the following technologies facilitated the growth of land-based networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
Caravanserai
The compass
The Astrolabe
The saddle
28
European Imperialism was driven by all of the following EXCEPT
civilizing mission and the White Man's Burden
New markets to sell manufactured goods
More natural resources to support growing industry
To recover territories lost in WW1
29
What goods were exported from WEST AFRICA along the Trans-Saharan network?
Gold, salt, slaves
Glassware, incense, dyes, rugs
Ivory, animal skins, exotic woods
Wine, olives, wool textiles
30
Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
31
Which forms of government were established in the United States, France, Haiti, and in Latin American nation-states?
Communist Regimes
Caliphates
Khanates
Democratic Republics
32
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?
Increasing use of coerced systems of labor
The Globalization of Networks of Exhange
The rise of gunpowder-based land and maritime empires
The decline of land-based empires and monarchs
33
Which of the following is an example of economic imperialism?
the Scramble for Africa
the Opium Wars
the Russo-Japanese War
the Boxer Rebellion
34
What kinds of goods were primarily traded along the interregional exchange networks?
Manufactured Goods
Inferior Goods
Staple Goods
Luxury Goods
35
What AP World Region is identified on this map in PURPLE?
Noth Africa
East Africa
West Africa
Middle East
36
Which of the following nation-states unified in the Modern Era from fragmented kingdoms and city-states?
Greece and Serbia
Mexico and Argentina
Germany and Italy
Canada and Australia
37
Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...
Industrialization of Spain's economy
European conquest and colonization of the Americas
The decline of the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
European control of the Indian Ocean Basin
38
What environmental knowledge and adaptations allowed for increased volumes of trade in the Indian Ocean?
The Monsoon Wind Patterns
Knowledge of Typhoons
The Trade Winds of the Atlantic
Ocean currents in the Pacific
39
How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?
Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans
Sent their over transoceanic voyages to the Americas
Waged direct wars against European empires
Invested in developing more advanced gunpowder techs.
40
What is
industrialization
?
The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.
The process of migrating into cities
The process of using manual labor to cultivate cash-crops
The process of using coerced labor to improve public works
41
Which of the following is an example of a maritime empire being challenged by local populations in the Early Modern Era?
The Pueblo Revolt
The Sepoy Revolt
The Taiping Rebellion
Cossack Revolts/ Pugachev Rebellion
42
Which land-based empire in RED on the map coerced Christian minorities to become elite soldiers known as janissaries?
The Russian Empire
The Ottoman Empire
The Mughal Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empuire
43
How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?
Europeans quickly colonized these regions
Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased
African states united to repel Europeans
Europeans refused to deal with African states
44
What was the main idea of the Enlightenment, that helped spark the Atlantic Revolutions of the Modern Era?
Traditions should be protected
Human reason can solve problems
The Upper Classes should be abolished
Monarchs have divine authority to rule
45
Footbinding in Song China, Veiling in the Dar-al-Islam, and Sati in Indian states are all examples of...
Intensifying patriarchy
Social hierarchy
Emerging feminism
Social Stratification
46
What was the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by Ottoman Leaders in the 19th century?
to strengthen the Janissaries and more freedom to the Ulama
to compete with European imperialism and industrialism
To confirm the fundamentals of Islam
To clarify religious principles of a renewed Muslim state
47
All of the following commercial practices increased the use of long-distance trade from 600-1450 CE EXCEPT:
Joint-stock companies
Bills of exchange and credit
Banking Houses
Paper money and "flying cash" (checks)
48
The biological transfer of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the...
The Great Dying
The Columbian Exchange
The Atlantic Circuit
The Triangular Trade Network
49
The rapid diffusion of the Black Death in the 1300s reveals WHAT characteristic of the Post-Classical Era?
Secular thinking became more popular
States were too small and decentralized to respond to the pandemic
Diseases diffused along well-integrated networks
Regions were isolated and influenced very little by trade
50
Which region saw a golden age of rising economic and political influence in the Early Modern Era?
Western Europe
The Americas
The Middle East
East Asia
51
What economic theory accepted by European powers from 1450-1750, led to increased restrictions on trade and rivalries?
Mercantilism
Socialism
Communism
Capitalism
52
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?
The first interregional empires were established.
The emergence and diffusion of Islam
Intensification of Interregional Exchanges
New forms of states were created - feudal, khanates, Islamic, etc.
53
Which group benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution?
Middle Class
Aristocracy
Working Class
Women
54
Which of the following faiths represented a syncretic blend of Islam and Hinduism?
Sufism
Daoism
Shintoism
Sikhism
55
As religious devotion grew, so did states using religious warfare to accomplish goals. Which is NOT a religious war?
Jihad of Middle East and N. Africa
The Great Schism
The Crusades
Reconquista of Spain
56
How did families and gender roles change in response to the Atlantic Slave Trade from c. 1450-1750?
Patriarchy was challenged in Africa
Polygamy increased in Africa
More females were exported to the Americas
Slave families grew larger in the Americas
57
The casta system created a new group of elites known as _________ that used racial ideologies to cement their power.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattoes
58
How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?
Large cash-crop plantations using slave labor
Mostly free peasant farmers
A craft and manufacturing based economy based on exports
Serfdom labor on agricultural manors
59
All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:
To build prestige for an explorer and their sponsoring kingdom
To locate a direct sea route to South and Eastern Asia for luxury markets
To set up settler colonies to control vast territories
Desire to spread Christianity to new lands
60
Which of the following is a correct example of Imperialism outside of the U.S. and Europe?
Germeny's conquest of regions of Africa
Mexico's conquest of parts of Canada
Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea
Australia's expansion into New Zealand
61
Which of the following revolutions led to the radical overthrow of an absolute monarch and a Reign of Terror?
The Latin American Revolutions
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
62
The image below is an example of what practice, used to legitimize the rule of a monarch?
Tributary Systems
Divine Right of Kings
Feudal Obligations
Mandate of Heaven
63
How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?
To provide citizenship benefits to its people.
To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states
To assimilate surrounding cultures
To spread Confucian ideals of filial piety
64
What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?
To improve the standard of living
To display the power and permanence of the state
To house growing populations
To encourage cultural toleration
65
Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?
Preservation of Greek and Roman texts
Algebra and Arabic Numerals
Navigational and astronomical tools - telescope and astrolabe
Champa rice and silk production techniques
66
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?
Migration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa
Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox
Increasing sizes of families
Population explosion due to new crops
67
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and spread c.1750 to 1900 CE?
Britain to the US and Western Europe, then Japan
Germany to Russia and then to the US
Japan to the US and Western Europe
Western Europe to Japan, then Russia
68
What did the Young Turks advocate?
A renewed interest conquest of Christian countries
a secular more democratic Turkish nation
A renewed war against the west
A strengthening of the Ottoman empire based on sharia law
69
All of the following social reform movements were inspired by Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT:
Cult of Domesticity Movement
Universal Manhood Suffrage Movement
Abolition Movement
Early Feminist Movement
70
Which of the following states incorporated a more elaborate centralization through the use of a scholar-bureaucracy?
Maya City-States
Kingdom of France
Delhi Sultanate
Song Empire
71
How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?
Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade
Deregulating trade to make markets free
Sponsoring joint-stock companies
Reducing taxes to encourage more trade volumes
72
How did the Aztec (Mexica) Empire use the tribute system to consolidate power in Mesoamerica?
To seize captives as slaves and offer them as sacrifices
To encourage migration into the Aztec Empire
To distribute food to outlying villages
To provide gifts to local leaders to ensure loyalty
73
Where were the bulk of European colonies located in the Early Modern Era?
East and South Asia
The Americas
Sub-Saharan Africa
Australia, SE Asia, and Oceania
74
Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?
Merchant construction of caravanserai
Song expansion of the Grand Canal
Hiring of privateers to raid rival shipping routes
Expanding tax farming privileges to local nobles
75
The centralization of production of goods organized by a highly specialized division of unskilled labor is called...
Guild Organizations
Trade Unions
The Factory System
Craft Production
76
All of the following were Enlightenment ideas EXCEPT:
Protection of Natural Rights
Popular Sovereignty
Divine Right of Kings
Social Contract Theory
77
Which of the following is an example of resistance to imperialism in the 19th century?
Social Darwinism
Apartheid
the Taiping Rebellion
Sepoy Mutiny
78
Which revolution became the only successful slave revolt in world history to est. a new nation-state?
The (North) American Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The French Revolution
79
What does interregional mean?
From one region into another
Within a single region.
Across the globe.
From one side of a region to another.
80
What was the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the 19th century?
Further isolation of Japan after American contact
The fall of the Tokugawa and restoration of the emperor
The rejection of western influence in favor of Chinese beliefs
A restructuring of the social structure eliminating social classes
81
How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?
To train for and administer the civil service exams
To assimilate the bureaucracy into Confucian principles.
To defend China from nomadic invaders.
To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.