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MS II Week Four Flashcards | StudBud
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MS II Week Four
MS II Week Four
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Test your knowledge on neurological disorders and their manifestations with this engaging quiz
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1
What are symptoms of a cerebellum tumor?
Difficulties with balance
Issues related to motor control
Decreased respirations
Uncoordinated movements
2
Which diagnostic tool is used to confirm the diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD)?
Response to medication
Blood work
DaT scan
Magnetic resonance imagine (MRI)
3
Anterior Cord Syndrome
damage back spinal cord, loss/decrease of bowel and bladder control
damage to front spinal cord, loss of touch and vibration sense
damage to middle spinal cord, good muscle power
damage front of spinal cord, loss/decrease in pain, temp, touch, vibration
4
Which statement would nurse include when teaching the spouse of a patient with Alzheimer disease about caregiver role?
"You lucky that ur memory is intact so u can continue caring for spouse."
"We recommend caring for spouse in home as long as possible."
"Focus how to handle current disruptive behaviors, they likely to change."
"Allow your spouse to guide convos about when to stop driving and repairs."
5
Which condition would nurse suspect if pt previously dx w/lung cancer reports HA, N/V, and new onset muscle weakness?
Metastatic tumor
Pituitary adenoma
Meningioma
Glioblastoma
6
Which muscle group is affected first in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Trunk muscles
Facial muscles
Ocular muscles
Limb muscles
7
Which intervention is most effective for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a stroke patient?
Use intermittent pneumatic compression devices.
Administer low-molecular-weight heparin.
Keep the patient moving.
Position to minimize the effects of dependent edema.
8
Which function is nurse's primary role during tPA administration for pt who is dx w/ acute onset ischemic stroke?
Administer anticoagulant.
Prepare patient for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Insert a urinary catheter.
Assess patient's level of consciousness.
9
Which statement made by the student nurse indicates a need for further education about the risk factors for delirium?
"Patients in ICU who may be sleep deprived are higher risk for delirium."
"Illness and dehyration can place pt at risk for developing delirium."
"Female patients have a higher risk for developing delirium."
"The pt who sustained a MVA may be at higher risk for developing delirium."
10
Which condition would nurse suspect when new pt w/SCI at C4 experiences decrease BP to 60/44 and drop in HR to 48 bpm?
Brown-Sequard syndrome
Autonomic dysreflexia
Neurogenic shock
Spinal shock
11
For which reason would a patient with vascular dementia (VaD) be receiving a short-term regimen of memantine, NMDA?
To maintain bowel and bladder incontinence
To avoid fatigue to foster independence in activities of daily living
To develop and maintain a predictable routine
To reduce confusion and promoting cognition
12
Which patient would the nurse assess first after receiving a status report on patients with head injuries?
A 30-yr-old patient who lost consciousness for 10 seconds after a fall
A 40-yr-old patient with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13
A 20-yr-old patient with a linear skull fracture
A 50-yr-old patient with unresponsive right pupil
13
Which intervention would be implemented initially after a head injury?
Maintain normothermia.
Give IV fluids.
Prepare the patient for EEG.
Control bleeding.
14
Which intervention is most effective for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a stroke patient?
Deep breathing exercises
Early ambulation
Fluid restriction
Elevating the affected limb
15
Which are Clinical Manifestations of Guillain-Barré Syndrome? Multiselect
Symmetric Muscle Weakness: starting in the legs and progressing upward.
Respiratory Compromise: Severe cases may lead to respiratory failure
Loss of Reflexes: Reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes.
Paresthesia's and Pain: Tingling or burning sensations in affected areas.
16
Is excessive salivation indicative of cholinergic crisis in a patient with myasthenia gravis?
False
True
17
Which of the following are treatments for Guillain-Barré Syndrome? Multiselect
Initiation of Antibiotics
Initiation of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Respiratory Monitoring and Support
Plasmapheresis
18
Generally, pregnancy does not worsen MS; in fact, some women experience temporary improvement.
True
False
19
Which diagnostic tool is highly sensitive for diagnosing myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Chest computed tomography (CT) scan
Single-fiber electromyography (EMG)
History and physical exam
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
20
Which manifestations are associated with right brain stroke?
Impaired judgement
Impaired comprehension related to language
Impulsive
Spatial-perceptual deficits
21
Which class of medications is considered first-line therapy for restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Dopamine (DA) agonists
Opioids
Vitamins
Antiseizure drugs
22
Which condition would the nurse expect in a patient suffering a neurologic condition such as cauda equina injury?
Incontinence
Hematuria
Infection
Tumor lysis
23
What are the symptoms of decreased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production or release?
oliguria
polyphagia
polyuria
polydipsia
24
Which of the following interventions would the nurse use for a seizing patient? Multiselect.
Place the patient in a supine position with a support under the head.
Document duration, characteristics & any potential triggers of the seizure.
Administer a benzodiazepine, such as lorazepam or diazepam, as prescribed.
Place an oral airway
Suction equipment at bedside
Apply restraints to prevent self harm
25
Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with an injury to the cerebellum?
Monitor for aggressive behaviors
Provide a memory book
Implement fall precautions
Place the patient on swallowing precautions
26
A Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of _____ or less could indicate a coma.
15
5
8
10
27
Which admission order would the nurse question for a patient with a basal skull fracture?
Insert nasogastric tube to low suction
Apply cold packs intermittently to face
Keep head of bed elevated
Turn patient side to side every 2 hours
28
Which action would nurse take for pt after emergent abdominal sx & is disoriented, incoherent speech, restless/agitated?
Document the findings.
Reorient the patient.
Administer lorazepam (Ativan).
Notify the HCP.
29
Which assessment would be the nurse's priority when caring for a patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome?
Glasgow coma scale
Musculoskeletal assessment
Pain assessment
Respiratory assessment
30
Which assessment finding would the nurse anticipate for a patient with a spinal cord injury at T8?
Bradycardia
Paralytic ileus
Urinary retention
Respiratory compromise
31
Which info would u include when explainin to fam of pt w/vascular dementia why some HCP call it multi-infarct dementia?
VaD may be caused by multiple amyloid plaques.
VaD may be caused by multiple strokes.
VaD can cause multiple hemorrhages.
VaD can cause multiple heart attacks.
32
What treatment should a patient with a history of myocardial infarction and migraines avoid?
Triptans, can cause vasoconstriction, cardiovascular issues
Ibuprofen, can cause bleeding, hematologic issues
Triptans, can cause bleeding, respiratory issues
Opioids, can cause respiratory depression, respiratory issues
33
Which action would nurse include to ensure safety of pt w/dementia in & out consciousness when awake confused/agitated?
Apply wrist restraints to keep the patient from falling.
Orient the patient to the surroundings.
Have a family member keep the patient awake.
Place the patient in a room close to the nurses' desk.
34
Which therapy would the nurse expect to be ordered to reduce the risk for stroke in patient who has atrial fibrillation?
O2
Antihypertensive
Anticoagulant
Constraint-induced movement
35
Which outcome is the major overall treatment goal for the patient with a seizure disorder?
Preventing recurring seizures
Depression management
Medication management
Airway management
36
For which surgical procedure would the nurse prepare the patient who presents with hydrocephalus?
Shunt
Debridement
Clipping
Burr holes
37
Which clinical manifestation is seen in patients experiencing a myasthenic crisis?
Increased bronchial secretions
Weakness within 1 hour after ingestion of anticholinesterase drugs
Effects on smooth muslce, including pupillary miosis, salivation, N/V/D
Improved strength after IV administration of anticholinesterase drugs
38
A rare autoimmune disorder characterized by acute peripheral nerve inflammation leading to ascending paralysis.
Spina bifida
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Sickle cell anemia
Lupus
39
Which manifestation can occur with unrelieved brainstem compression?
Increased intracranial pressure
Respiratory arrest
Encephalitis
Brain inflammation
40
Which assessment date would nurse expect in chart of pt w/Alzheimer disease who has been prescribed fluoxetine?
"Nursing staff report that the patient is not sleeping at night."
"Staff report pt yells frequently & describes visual hallucinations."
"Patient reports feeling sad and depressed consistently over last month."
"Patient reports increasing difficulty in recalling recent events."
41
What is the purpose of a ventriculostomy system for intracranial pressure monitoring?
Measures blood flow to the brain
Drains cerebrospinal fluid
Checks for changes in coronary perfusion pressure
Complex monitoring system
42
Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering for increased intracranial pressure?
Corticosteroids
Nitroglycerin
Mannitol
Nitroprusside
43
Which safety precaution would the nurse implement when caring for a patient during a seizure?
Maintain a patient airway.
Place someting in the patient's mouth.
Restrain the patient to prevent injury
Turn the patient on their back.
44
Which sign is typically noticed first in patients with Parkinson disease (PD)?
Rigidity
Postural instability
Tremor
Bradykinesia
45
Which med or medication class would be utilized to manage the pts cerebral edema after receiving radiation therapy?
Normal saline
Acetaminophen
Corticosteroids
Opioids
46
Which info observed in the chart of a pt scheduled for MRI without contrast would the nurse report to the HCP?
The patient has an allergy to shellfish.
Patient has a history of a total hip replacement.
The patient ate breakfast that morning.
The patient has not IV access.
47
What is a characteristic clinical manifestation of neurogenic shock in a patient with a spinal cord injury?
Peripheral vasoconstriction
Increased respiratory rate
Bradycardia
Hypertension
48
Which are acute management of cluster headaches? Multiselect.
maintain a patent airway and ensure patient safety.
Provide a calm and quiet space to minimize sensory stimuli.
triptans
high-flow oxygen therapy
49
Which type of headache may include a visual, sensory, or aphasic aura?
Migraine headache
Tension-type (TTH) headache
Cluster headache
Trauma headache
50
Which measurement would nurse monitor in pts with increased intracranial pressure who are risk for diabetes insipidus?
Pain
Weight
Urine output
Temperature
51
Which type of headache is generally located bilaterally and is described as a band-like pressure at the base of skull?
Trauma headache
Cluster headache
Migrain headache
Tension-type headache (TTH)
52
Which statement from nurse regarding action they will take after stenting procedure indicates need 4 further education?
"Ensure there is no stent occlusion."
"Check the patient's blood pressure."
"Perform a neuro assessment on the patient."
"Keep the patient's leg bent."
53
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in a patient admitted with a right-brain stroke?
Slurred speech
Left-sided weakness
Blurred vision
Right-sided weakness
54
What PPE would the nurse wear in a pts room who is on droplet precautions? Multiselect.
Wear a surgical mask upon entering the patient's room.
Wear N95 at all times while in the room
Ensure visitors wear a mask when entering the patient's room.
Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact
55
Which alternative treatment option may be used to treat cluster headaches?
High-dose verapamil
Nerve blocks
High-flow 10% O2
Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
56
Which muscle group causes the most problems for patients with myasthenia gravis (MG)?
Trunk and limbs
Facial
Swallowing and breathing
Orbital
57
Which of the following are present with decorticate posturing? Multiselect.
curled fingers
rigid, extended legs
curled wrists and balled hands against chest
pointed and turned in toes
straight tense arms parallel to body
arms bent toward center of body
58
Which goal is priority for pt who experienced memory loss and cognitive dysfunction-10 yrs, currently agitated/confused?
Management of medication
Reversal of symptoms
Caregiver education for ambulatory care
Protection from harm
59
Which diagnostic test would the nurse immediately prepare a patient for who arrived at the ED with symptoms of stroke?
CT scan
Blood test
X-ray
MRI
60
A pt with damage to the cerebellum will present with which of the following symptoms? Multiselect.
uncoordinated movements
difficulties with balance
issues related to motor control
long-term memory loss
61
What condition may develop following a traumatic head injury due to damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland?
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2)
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (DM1)
Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
62
Which procedure is considered the gold standard for monitoring intracranial pressure?
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Lumbar puncture (LP)
Ventriculostomy
Infrascanner
63
Which patient problem has the highest priority when planning care for a patient with a cervical spinal cord injury (C5)?
Impaired breathing
Internal bleeding
Impaired nutrition
Incontinence
64
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in a patient admitted with a left-sided stroke?
Left-sided neglect
Impaired speech
Impulsivity
Short attention span
65
Which diagnostic test would nurse immediately prepare the pt for who arrived at the ED with symptoms of stroke?
Transcranial doppler (TCD) ultrasonography
Computed tomography (CT) scan
Complete blood count (CBC)
Cardiac marker levels
66
Is it appropriate to apply cold packs intermittently to the face of a patient with a basal skull fracture?
False
True
67
What is next step in pts tx when the medical team reports a GCS of 7 during initial assessment of a pt w/head trauma?
Intubation
Computerized tomography (CT)
Burr hole procedure
Positron emission tomography (PET)
68
The presence of which risk factor would the nurse expect to find in 48 y/o patient diagnosed w/Alzheimer disease (AD)?
Diabetes Mellitus
Hyperlipidemia
Depression
Family hx of AD
69
Which of the following are at a higher risk for meningitis? Multiselect.
immunocompromised individuals
military personnel
individuals over the age of 60
college students
70
Which type of stroke would nurse suspect pt had if pt has hx of AFIB and reports that symptoms "came out of nowhere"?
Thrombotic
Hemorrhagic
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
Embolic
71
Which response would nurse give when asked by patient family why patient w/SCI requires enoxaparin injections?
"Enoxaparin will help prevent VTE while the patient is immobile."
"The med will help maintain mean arterial pressure at acceptable levels."
"The medication has been prescribed to treat blood clots."
"Enoxaparin will help with the pain."
72
Which of the following are Interprofessional Care for Increased Intracranial Pressure? Multiselect.
Elevate head of bed to 30 degrees with head in a neutral position.
Instill a syringe of ice cold water into the external auditory ear canal.
If ICP increases when suctioning make sure head & neck in neutral position
Manage metabolic demands: Fever and Pain
73
Which statement by caregiver of pt w/Alzheimer disease demonstrates an accurate understanding of patient's med regimen?
"If we follow his med schedule, he may not have any physical effects."
"We're both holding out hope that this med will cure his disease."
"I'm really hoping his meds will slow down his mental losses."
"The meds might prevent a bodily decline while he declines mentally."
74
Which therapy would nurse anticipate for pt has suffered an acute stroke & determined to not be candidate 4 sx therapy?
Fluid therapy
Transluminal angioplasty
Anticoagulation
Carotid endarterectomy
75
What are the clinical manifestations of cholinergic crisis in a patient with myasthenia gravis?
Extreme weakness
Muscle contraction
Sweating
constricted pupils
diarrhea
Excessive salivation
76
Which complication results from a spinal cord injury (SCI) at the level of C4?
Tetraplegia
Partial paralysis of hands
Paralysis only below the waist
Paraplegia
77
Which patient would receive priority for a nurse's assessment at the beginning of the shift?
The older adult pt who has lung cancer with COPD and has an O2 sat of 91%.
The patient who fell out of bed and has new onset lethargy and confusion.
The patient with a pain level 8/10 following total hip replacement.
The patient with a foodborne illness who has N/V.
78
Which clinical problem is the highest priority for a patient with a cervical spinal cord injury?
Impaired tissue integrity
Neurologic problem
Impaired respiratory function
Difficulty coping
79
Which drug would be avoided in tx of headaches for pts with history of ischemic cardiac or peripheral vascular problems?
Topiramate (Topamax)
Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
Botulinum toxin (Botox)
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
80
Which central nervous system (CNS) assessment finding is indicative of neurologic injury?
Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score >12
Unequal pupils
Hypoventilation
Symmetrical facial movements
81
Which condition in the patient's health history would be a contraindication for the use of sumatriptan (Imitrex)?
Asthma
Diabetes
Thyroid disease
Ischemic cardiac disease
82
Which health care provider would the nurse question for a patient with a traumatic brain injury?
XR of the spine
BP checks Q15mins
Prepare the patient for a lumbar puncture
Neuro checks Q15mins
83
Which patient being seen in the primary care provider's office is exhibiting an early warning sign of Alzheimer disease?
72 y/o who cannot locate the address where they have lived for 10 years
65 y/o who forgets to wish a close friend a "happy birthday"
59 y/o who misplaces their purse and jokes about having memory loss
79 y/o who is incontinent and not able to perform hygiene independently
84
What is the highest priority clinical problem for a patient with a cervical spinal cord injury?
Breathing difficulty
Muscle weakness
Extreme pain
Digestive problems
85
Which describe decerebrate posturing? Multiselect.
flexed wrist and curled fingers
pointed and turned in toes
straight tense, arms parallel to body
Rigid, extended legs
arms bent toeard center of body
curled wrists and balled hands against the body
86
What is the potential risk of a basilar skull fracture?
Elevated intracranial pressure
Meningitis
Cranial nerve injury
Aspiration
87
Which intervention would the nurse use for a stroke patient who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Maintain glycemic control.
Monitor urine output.
Elevate the head of the bed.
Administer antihypertensives.
88
Which manifestations are associated with right brain stroke?
Impaired speech
Impulsive
Cautious
Slowed performance
Spatial-perceptual deficits
Impaired comprehension related to language
89
Which clinical manifestation is often the first sign of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Blurred vision or diplopia, redgreen distortion, or blindness in 1 eye.
Extremity muscle weakness and problems with coordination and balance.
Pain, especially aorund the low thoracic and abdominal regions.
Erectile dysfunction in men or decreased libido in women.
90
Which manifestation is the classic sign of an epidural hematoma?
Periorbital bruising
Loss of sensation in the extremities
Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Loss of conciousness
91
Which description is used to describe a cluster headache?
Severe, bone crushing
Throbbing, syndronous with a pulse
Facial pressure
Constant, squeezing, tightness
92
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in a patient admitted with a right-brain stroke?
Impaired right/left discrimination
Impaired judgement
Paralyzed right side
Slow performance
93
Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
Progressive muscle weakness
Swallowing difficulties
Problems with fine motor skills
Slurred speech
94
Which type of skull fracture would the nurse suspect when admitted a pt to the ED who sustained powerful blow to head?
Compound
Simple
Depressed linear
Comminuted
95
Which prevention strategy to reduce the risk of meningitis would the nurse recommend for a patient entering college?
Hand washing
Smoking cessation
Practice cough etiquette
Vaccination
96
Which action would the nurse recommend for encephalitis prevention efforts?
Conduct research.
Takes meds.
Wear short sleeve shirts.
Control exposure to mosquitos.