Successful working teams consists of ?

Members participate in team activities but retain individual requirements

Environmental stresses are

Caused by noise, fumes, heat and vibration

With Selective attention, the person has to choose

multiple sources of info to decide whether a particular event occurred

Failures associated with the formulation of the plan

What 4 broad target areas are present for error managment?

Prevent, Avoid , Capture and Function Checks

What does the reasons bolt and nut example dictate?

There is potential for thousands of ways to incorrectly install items.

Missed actions due to someone forgetting to do something

What are routine violations?

things which have become ‘the normal way of doing something’

What does it mean if someone is considered responsible for their actions?

They are liable or answerable for their actions.

What best classify’s episodic memory?

Long term/ store of events, places, and times

What is white finger caused by?

Continuous use of pneumatic tools- reduced blood flow.

What are the 3 types of time pressures an engineer may be subjected to?

Actual, Perceived , Self-imposed

Long term; factual knowledge about the world, concepts and relationships

What are the four main classes of hazards?

Negligible, marginal, critical, and catastrophic.

Time restraints, high workload, inadequate tooling and inappropriate procedures?

Necessary (or Situational) Violations

Which is the correct order for information processing?

Sensing>Information Processing>Action Taken>External Feedback

external or internal drive someone has to do something

What is acute stress?

intense, short duration, occasional stimulus

store of events, places, and times, and may include people.

Frequently re-occurring stress of long duration

What is safety culture?

Safe and professional behavior is fully internalized.

What is visual acuity?

the ability of the eye to distinguish the details of objects

What is the function of the retina in the eye?

Converting optical images into electronic signals.

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9 Human Factors

99 termsStudBud Administration30 plays

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Questions 99

Answers

1
Successful working teams consists of ?
Members participate in team activities but retain individual requirements
All member participate in team activities and discussion
Members work in isolation, therefore providing individual solutions.
2
The presence of something damaging to one’s health would be an example of a?
Physical stressor
Physiological stressor
Reactive stressor
3
A spanner left on a wings surface gets kicked off accidentally into an engine cowl, breaking off a sensor
A skill based error
Punishable occurrence
Murphys Law
4
Alcohol increases reaction times?
False
True
5
Environmental stresses are
Not tolerated cumulative
Caused by noise, fumes, heat and vibration
Tolerated by everyone equally
6
Chosen the correct rule, but simply failed to follow the procedure entirely would be?
Rule-based slip
Skill-based slip
Mistake
7
What do you do when someone is hypothermic?
Increase their blood sugar.
Warm them up.
Give them fluids.
8
Paradoxical Sleep is also known as :
REM
Stage 3
Stage 4
9
Learning of a routine by repeated practice is known as?
Episodic memory.
Cognitive learning .
Motor programming.
10
With Selective attention, the person has to choose
one source of information and exclude all other sources.
multiple sources of info to decide whether a particular event occurred
two or more separate tasks that must be performed simultaneously
11
Forgetting to put the bolts back in for an engine cowl would be a?
Mistake
Slip
Lapse
12
What is a mistake?
Right actions carried out, but something interfered with the process
Me
Failures associated with the formulation of the plan
13
How many dB will cause damage if exposed for a short period of time?
75dB
100dB
115dB
14
Perception can be defined as the process of assembling sensations into a useable mental representation of the world.
True
False
15
What 4 broad target areas are present for error managment?
Prevent, Function Checks, Disperse and Capture
Prevent, Avoid , Capture and Function Checks
Prevent, Avoid, Disperse, and Capture
16
What does the reasons bolt and nut example dictate?
There is potential for thousands of ways to incorrectly install items.
The tighter you go, the weaker the threads
You can use locking (secondary) nuts to increase strength of a bolt
17
What is a lapse?
Right actions carried out, but something interfered with the process
Error in planning of the task
Missed actions due to someone forgetting to do something
18
What are routine violations?
things which have become ‘the normal way of doing something’
Breaking the rules for kicks
Poor time constraints, inadequate tooling
19
What does it mean if someone is considered responsible for their actions?
They are praised for their actions.
They are exempt from being called to account.
They are liable or answerable for their actions.
20
What involves dealing with the source of the stress rather than just the symptoms?
Defence Strategies
Coping Strategies
Presentation Strategies
21
Ear protection must be worn at
85-90dB
66-75dB
60-70dB
22
What best classify’s episodic memory?
Long term/ store of events, places, and times
Short term/ store of events, places, and times
Long term/ factual knowledge, concepts and relationships
23
What is white finger caused by?
White skin cells dying and contaminate the finger.
Skin reaction due to exposure of solvents.
Continuous use of pneumatic tools- reduced blood flow.
24
Which bone in the middle ear is responsible for transmitting compressional waves to the inner ear?
Anvil (Incus)
Hammer (Malleus)
Stirrup (Stapes)
25
What vibration range is most problematic due to the body absorbing all of it?
100-130 hz
30- 40 hz
0.5 to 20 hz
26
What type of lens is used to overcome short sightedness?
Convex
Bi-focal
Concave
27
What are the main causes of error in maintenance?
Wrong parts, or other factors.
Omissions.
Incorrect Installations.
28
Extreme discomfort experienced by a maintenance engineer in a confined space is known as?
Acrophobia
Claustrophobia
Thalasaphobia
29
A mistake is?
An unintentional error
Deliberate departure from the rules
Intentional act of sabotage
30
What are the 3 types of time pressures an engineer may be subjected to?
Self Imposed, Percieved, Physiological
Actual, Distinctive, Physilogical
Actual, Perceived , Self-imposed
31
Semantic Memory is ?
Short Term; store of events, places, and times, and may include people
Long term; factual knowledge about the world, concepts and relationships
Short term; factual knowledge about the world, concepts and relationships
32
Which one of these traits is not part of teamwork?
Individualism
Co-operation
Communication
33
What are the four main classes of hazards?
Minor, moderate, major, and extreme.
Negligible, marginal, critical, and catastrophic.
Insignificant, manageable, severe, and fatal.
34
Time restraints, high workload, inadequate tooling and inappropriate procedures?
Necessary (or Situational) Violations
Routine Violations
Optimising Violations
35
What is a factor that affects vision?
Enviromental Stressors
Hypoxia
Temperature
36
Which is the correct order for information processing?
Sensing>Information Processing>Action Taken>External Feedback
Information Processing>Action Taken>External Feedback>Sensing
Sensing>Action Taken>External Feedback>Information Processing
37
Motivation is
A reward or punishment designed to reduce errors
external or internal drive someone has to do something
A reward or punishment to increase work rate
38
What is acute stress?
Migraines from crying babies
long duration with frequent or constant stimulus
intense, short duration, occasional stimulus
39
Noise signals are transitioned into the brain via?
Auditory Nerve.
Eustachian Nerve
Sensory nerve.
40
For a man to maintain his fitness and health the conducive maximum recommended alcohol intake is.
28 units per day
3 4 units per week
28 units per week
41
Human error is mainly caused by ?
Normal body temperature
Low body temperature
High body temperature
42
Which model is this?
Situational Awareness Model
Human Behaviour Model
Human Error Model
43
What is an example of a reactive stressor?
Working under time pressures
Cold, Heat, Noise, Vibrations
Financial Problems
44
Episodic Memory is?
factual knowledge about the world, learned concepts and relationship
Working memory, short term
store of events, places, and times, and may include people.
45
Chronic Stress is?
Intense stress of long duration
Frequently re-occurring stress of long duration
Intense but short duration
46
What is Murphy’s law based on?
Poor aircraft design
Complacency
Violations
47
Caffeine is an acceptable substance in Aircraft Maintenance.
True
False
48
What is safety culture?
Safe and professional behavior is fully internalized.
Safe and professional behavior is disregarded.
Safe and professional behaviour is not enforced.
49
Troubleshooting is?
Knowledge based
Skill based
Rule based
50
What is visual acuity?
the ability of the eye to distinguish the details of objects
the ability of the eye to process information
the ability of the eye to detect colours
51
What is the function of the retina in the eye?
Converting optical images into electronic signals.
Focusing light and limiting the amount of light entering the eye.
Transmitting light to the cornea and lens
52
Which part of the hierarchy of needs usually represents intrinsic motivation?
Basic needs
Self fulfilment needs
Bottom of physiological needs
53
Who has the responsibility for an engineer that has to remain current on new technology and procedures?
The engineer
The organisation
The team
54
Narrowing of attention occurs at
Both high and low levels of arousal
High levels of arousal
Low levels of arousal
55
The symptoms of de-motivation are very similar to the symptoms of?
Tiredness
Stress
Mental illness
56
Task lighting in a hangar is mainly ;
Provided by fluorescent tubes
Provided by fixed lighting
Portable for individual tasks
57
Which phase of sleep is most beneficial for restoration?
Stage 1/2
Stage 3/4
Stage 5
58
The ear is used to detect?
Acceleration and Balance .
Speed and Balance.
Acceleration and Speed.
59
Excess noise in a working environment can
Raise resistance to other stresses
Not affect performance
Lower resistance to other stressors
60
What is a Slip?
Error in planning of task
Right actions carried out, but something interfered with process
Missed actions due to person forgetting to do something
61
Internal motivation is far more effective than external rewards and punishment
False
True
62
Organisational culture is best described as?
‘The way we do things around here’
Written procedures
Team resource management
63
What percentage of in-flight shutdowns occur after maintenance problems?
80 %
20 to 30 %
10 to 40 %
60 to 70 %
64
A good rule of thumb is that one hour of high-quality sleep is good for two hours of activity
True
False
65
What methods have been implemented to capture errors and improve maintenance reliability?
Limited collaboration with external maintenance providers
Skipping unnecessary maintenance procedures.
Functional checks, leak checks, duplicate inspections
66
What is the role of the lens in the eye?
Controlling the amount of light entering the eye.
Converting light into electronic signals.
Assisting in focusing on near and approaching objects
67
Sensory memory has a duration for about?
10-20 seconds
2 seconds
80-100 milliseconds
68
How loud is a plane taking off approximately
130dB
50dB
181dB
69
The circadian body temperature varies by 3-4° F
True
False
70
What type of human error is easiest to correct ?
Constant Error
Variable Error
Reversible Error
71
breaking the rules for ‘kicks’ is what kind of violation?
Situational Violations
Optimising Violations
Routine Violation
72
Who is more prone to deviate from standard procedures?
Young, experienced man
Tired, old man
Over confident, young man
73
Which part of the eye controls amount of light?
Pupil
Iris
Cornea
74
What category of stress strategies includes this ; alleviation of the symptoms (taking medication, alcohol, etc.?
Coping strategies
Non-compulsive strategies
Defence Strategies
75
What is Murphy’s law?
It can never go wrong.
If something can go wrong, it will go wrong.
I will get blamed if it goes wrong.
76
A violation in aircraft maintenance procedure
Is usually considered an act of vandalism or sabotage
Is usually carried out with intentions to get the job done
Is usually carried out to satisfy personal need, often unrelated to task
77
A person can be said to be motivated if
They cut corners for efficiency
They are taking action to achieve something
They are on a productivity bonus
78
If an engineer forgets to fit a seal, he or she has
Made an error of omission
Made an error of commission
Committed a violation
79
Sustained Attention is
The person must attend to one source of information.
The person must sustain attention over prolonged periods of time.
Two or more separate tasks must be performed simultaneously.
80
What is an example for a psycological stressor?
Financial Problems
Working under time pressure
Noise, Vibrations, Heat, Cold
81
What is the most important form of communication in aircraft maintenance
Implicit
Verbal
Written
82
An engineer that has developed a personal method of performing a complex task
Should be commended for their resourcefulness
Is performing rule based behaviour
Is violating on a regular basis
83
Which part from the hierarchy of needs usually represents external motivation?
Top of self-fulfilment
Physiological, Basic
Self-fulfilment
84
Dropping a screw or a nut when installing a component is?
Lapse
Rule-based slip
Skill-based slip
85
How long is short term memory good for when remembering 7 items?
Above 60 seconds.
Up to 30 seconds.
30-60 seconds.
86
What is an incident and an accident?
They are the same thing, they both refer to unexpected events.
An incident is a planned event, while an accident is an unplanned event.
An incident is an error that did not cause an accident but is a problem.
87
A person with low self esteem
Conformity to peer pressure is not subjective to self esteem
More likely to conform to peer pressure
Less likely to conform to peer pressure
88
Which part of a human behaviour model can alter memory?
Information processing
Sensing perception
Taking action or verbal responses
89
On a complex task, an engineer using his own procedures is classes as a?
Initiative
Modification
Violation
90
What is slow wave sleep?
Rapid Eye Movement
Paradoxical Sleep (dream state)
Stage 2-4 Sleep
91
An engineer who has developed his own way of performing a task is?
Commended for his resourcefulness?
In regular violation
Improving maintenance efficiency
92
Which type of memory is susceptible to interference from external influences?
Ultra Short Term
Short term
Long term
93
What does "Social Loafing" refer to?
Individuals putting in more effort on a task compared to others
Individuals working independently and not relying on others for a task
Individuals putting in less effort on a task compared to others
94
Main causes of error in maintenance consist of ?
56% incorrect installation, 30% omissions, 8% wrong parts, 6% other
56% omissions, 30% incorrect installation, 8% wrong parts, 6% other
50% human error, 50% omissions
95
Performance is
Directionally proportional to state of arousal
Greatest at optimum level of arousal but diminishes as arousal fluctuates
Inversely proportional to state of arousal
96
Circadian Rhythm controls;
Sleeping pattern
Body temperature
Urine output
97
What vibration range is most troublesome for white finger?
20 to 30 hz
350-432 hz
50 to 150 hz
98
At what stage of sleep does the body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure drop?
Stage 1
Stage 3
Stage 2
99
What does this model show?
Good performance is best when in humid conditions
Performance is degraded in warm/dry conditions
Performance is degraded in hot/cold conditons

9 Human Factors Flashcards | StudBud