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Biology MIDTERM Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology MIDTERM
Biology MIDTERM
38 terms
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scientific method, photosynthesis, energy synthesis, cellular respiration, macromolecules
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1
What structure manages the overall functions of a eukaryotic cell?
vacuole
mitochondria
chloroplast
nucleus
2
How do enzymes find their substrates?
magnets
it listens very carefully
GPS
a definite 3-D shape
3
What are amino acids?
he building blocks of lipids
The building blocks of nucleic acids
The building blocks of proteins
The building blocks of carbohydrates
4
Complete the following equation:6CO2 + 6H2O → _________ + 6O2
H2O
C12H6O<span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">12</span>– glucose
C6H12O6 – glucose
C2H12O2
5
What is the diffusion of water through a cell membrane called -----
osmosis
active transport
water running
facilitated diffusion
6
What are the “powerhouses” of a cell that releases energy from foods?
hydrogen bonds
microtubule
mitochondria
nucleus
7
What makes water cohesive with a high surface temperature and a high boiling point?
its magnitude
its non-polarity
Its polarity
its reflection
8
The area where the sister chromatids are attached to each other is called the _____.
century
centromere
centriole
spindle fibers
9
Humans have ______ chromosomes in the nucleus of their sex cells.
22
46
23
64
10
What type of solution is it when the red blood cells swell because the flow is into the cells?
lysed
hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
11
A dog’s liver has 70 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would you expect in the dog’s gametes?
35
45
25
70
12
The failure of chromosomes to separate properly is called _____
junction
cros-over
nondisjunction
disjunction
13
What is an example of two-parent reproduction?
sexual reproduction
mitosis
binary fission
asexual reproduction
14
What is the primary function of a lipid macromolecule?
Store energy
Insulate
Make up cell membranes
all of these
15
The broad, flat structure of the leaves of most plants makes them well adapted to ________
conduct meiosis
multiply via binary fission
Absorb sunlight used in photosynthetic reactions
Absorb oxygen used in photosynthetic reactions
16
Give an example of data that would be considered qualitative data?
how long are peacock feathers
how many eggs peacocks lay
The behavior of peacocks at different climates
the number of feathers on a peacock
17
Which piece of equipment helped to launch the study of life at the cellular level?
electron microscope
radio microsocpe
light microscope
18
The breakdown of glucose without oxygen is known as _____.
carbon cycle
anaerobic
binary fission
aerobic
19
In what phase do chromosomes line up in a single row along the equator of a cell?
metaphase
interphase
telophase
anaphase
20
If the body cell of an organism has 28 chromosomes, its haploid (n) number is ______.
23
28
46
14
21
What type of cell (prokaryote or eukaryote) has organelles like Golgi apparatus)?
eukaryote
prokaryote
22
Which structures push and pull the chromosomes into place during cell division?
magnets
chromatid
centromeres
spindle fibers
23
What ingredients (raw materials) are used by green plants for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide & carbon monoxide
carbon dioxide & water
oxgen and water
carbon dioxide & hyrogen
24
What is a product?
Substances that are produced by a chemical reaction
something you buy from Amazon
something you make
an answer to a math problem
25
Particles that are too large to go out of a cell through protein channels in the cell membrane
exocytosis
cytokinesis
crenate
endocytosis
26
What term is used to describe the division of the cytoplasm and cell organelles?
prophase
anaphase
cytokinesis
telophase
27
If you are conducting an experiment it is necessary to compare the results with the _________
independent variable
control
dependent variable
constant
28
What is it called when the flow into and out of a cell is balanced?
hypotonic
hypertonic
lysed
isotonic
29
In what cell organelle does cellular respiration take place?
golgi aparatus
mitochondria
chloroplast
endoplasmic reticulum
30
Milk of magnesium is used to treat “acid stomach”. What do you think the pH might be close to?
7
5
2
10
31
What is hydrolysis?
The process where dissaccharides split apart using water
The process where monosaccharides split apart using water
The process where polysaccharides split apart using water
32
List two organelles that you would find in a plant cell but NOT an animal cell.
mitochondria & chloroplast
cell wall and nucleolus
cell wall & chromosome
cell wall & chloroplast
33
What is it called when the rbc cells shrink up because material is leaving the cell?
isotonic
hypotonic
swollen
hypertonic
34
Which macromolecules make up the plasma membrane of plant and animal cells?
lipids & carbohydrates
lipids & proteins
carbohydrates & proteins
proteins and nucleic acids
35
What are membrane—bound spaces that store water and other substances within a cell?
nucleus
pocket
vacuole
chloroplast
36
An experiment on whether temperature effects heart rate, what is the independent variable?
temperature
pressure
heart rate
magnitism
37
An experiment on whether temperature effects heart rate, what is the dependent variable?
temperature
pressure
color
heart rate
38
The sex chromosomes for a normal female fruit fly or human
YY
XXY
XX
XY
