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Chapter 11 - Testing & Individual Differences Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 11 - Testing & Individual Differences
Chapter 11 - Testing & Individual Differences
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1
If Kelly's intelligence quotient is 100, we know that she has a ______.
mental age of children with the same chronological age.
mental age below those of children with the same age.
perfect score on a set of age-related tests.
2
It can be argued that standardized testing (such as the SAT) is beneficial because ______.
they predict future occupational success.
it can help label people as genius and gifted.
they are fairer than admission officers' judgments.
3
TRUE OR FALSE: Freud started factor analysis.
False
True
4
What determines a test's validity?
When it measures what it's supposed to measure
The number of questions
The placebo
The consistency of the test measurements
5
Fluid intelligence ______.
may increase with age.
decreases with age.
6
Define creative intelligence.
reacting to novel situations and generating novel ideas.
being good at math and logic problems.
being skilled with speech and word choice.
being musically inclined.
7
Define psychometrics,
the study of bodily function.
the study of educational and psychological measurements.
the study of stars and planets.
the study of animal behavior.
8
Mental age is described as ______.
the chronological age corresponding to performance,
how old the child acts.
how old the child wishes they were.
9
Speed of processing has been measured by which of the following techniques?
how fast a person can blink their eyes after being told to.
the time a person needs to clap their hands when instructed
a. the number of mistakes a person makes
c. the brain activity that follows exposure to a stimulus
10
Standardization includes formalizing testing procedures and establishing ______.
plans.
norms.
goals.
scores.
11
What would Sterberg say of a "street smart" person who does poorly in school?
emotional intelligence.
linguistic intelligence.
spatial intelligence.
practical intelligence.
12
In Binet's test of intelligence, items included at each age level were those which ______.
revealed a child's grade level in school.
measured rote learning and memory.
required creative as well as correct answers.
could be answered by an average child of that age.
13
Cross-cultural studies during the last thirty years show ______.
IQ gains of about 5 points.
IQ gains that are typically 15 points.
virtually no changes in measured intelligence.
evidence of genetic drift.
14
Down Syndrome is characterized by _____.
an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup.
short-term memory.
lesions on the skin.
two different color eyes.
15
A person who expects to do well in math class, and then does well, is an example of ______.
overconfidence.
hindsight bias.
self-fulfilling prophecy.
luck.
16
Define fluid intelligence.
possessing a high IQ.
knowledge acquired over time.
being in tune with one's own emotions.
the ability to solve problems and learn new skills.
17
What do aptitude tests measure?
what has been learned.
one's ability to learn.
18
Which of the following is another word for reliability?
validity
dependence
consistency
relevance
19
Kyle has a mental age of 8 and a chronological age of 10. His IQ must be _____.
108
25
85
97
20
What is chronological age?
the age the individual relates to.
the number of years since the individual's birth.
how old the individual feels.
21
Which of Gardener's intelligence types has been cited as needing more support and evidence?
linguistic.
interpersonal.
existential.
intrapersonal.
22
The term "g-factor," written about refers to _____.
greater intelligence.
general intelligence.
genetic intelligence.
23
Terman showed that mentally gifted children ______.
are generally successful in their chosen paths as adults.
have greater susceptibility to mental illness in adulthood.
score in the average IQ range as adults.
24
Fraternal twins being more similar in intelligence than ordinary siblings suggests ______.
the importance of common hereditary factors.
the importance of common environmental factors.
the importance of effects of intrauterine environment.
the importance of genetic effects.
25
46. The correlation of intelligence test scores between identical twins is ______.
the same whether they are reared together or apart
higher when they are raised together than when raised apart.
lower than that for fraternal twins raised together.
the same as that for any other blood relatives.
26
Why does the self-fulfilling prophecy come true?
hard work.
luck.
confidence.
peoples' expectations.
27
If a psychologist gives a test simultaneously to several people, it is a __________ test.
valid
individual
group
reliable
28
Who is responsible for the development of the first useful individual test of intelligence?
Terman.
Binet.
Weschler.
Freud.
29
Selective breeding for desirable characteristics is called ______.
natural selection
in vitro fertilization
microcephaly
eugenics
30
Using most tests of intelligence, the cut-off score for "giftedness" is ______.
75
120
100
130
31
Who devised the theory of multiple intelligences?
Freud
Ainsworth
Gardener
Locke
32
Which intelligence did Gardener note as being related to emotional intelligence?
musical.
interpersonal.
kinesthetic.
spatial.
33
Which of the following is an approach to measuring reliability?
test-retest.
content.
negative correlation.
double-blind.
34
The average twelve-year-old child has a mental age equal to ______.
120
12
10
100
35
What is test bias?
when the administer is unethical.
a placebo.
favoring one test group over the other,
when the test doesn't do what it's supposed to.
36
__________ is the capacity for learning certain and specific abilities.
achievement
aptitude
scholastics
intelligence
37
Who would be the best norm group for the ACT or SAT college-entrance tests?
high school seniors.
college sophomores.
doctors.
grad students.
38
Who created the g-factor to represent one's general intellectual ability?
Freud.
Spearman.
Gardener.
Binet.
39
The distribution of IQ scores ______.
falls off abruptly above 100.
is approximately normal or bell-shaped.
reveals a difference in the average for men and women.
shows that most people score between 80 and 100.
40
Mental retardation caused by birth injuries or fetal damage is called __________ retardation.
familial.
organic.
medical.
incidental.
41
Which of the following is one of Gardner's types of intelligence?
music
creativity
creativity
ethics
42
Crystallized intelligence _____.
is only discovered in small children.
does not improve with age.
usually correlates with a low IQ
involves using knowledge from over time.
43
Which of the following is one of Gardner's types of intelligence?
ethics.
executive skills.
creativity.
music.
44
TRUE OR FALSE: Mental and chronological age are the same thing.
True.
False.
45
A child with an IQ of 60 would probably be classified as ______.
mentally retarded.
average.
gifted.
46
Which of the following is a factor that influences success for the gifted?
sibling rivalry.
motivation.
level of adjustment.
persistence.
47
What is the normal range of scores in most IQ tests?
90-110
120-130
50-75
130-165
48
A person with below average intelligence that possesses an exceptional skill is called a _____.
telepath
savant
schizophrenic
genius
49
IQ may be defined as ______.
CA/MA x 100.
MA/100 x CA.
MA x CA x 100.
MA/CA x 100.
50
When the same procedures are used in giving a test to all people, the test has been ______.
standardized.
operationalized.
validated.
normalized.
