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Ecology Review
Ecology Review
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1
Which of the following tells you population density?
# of frogs per year
# of births per year
# of deaths per year
# of bacteria per square milimeter
2
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism isharmed and the other benefits is
Predation
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
3
About what percent of energy in a trophic level is available to organisms at the next tlevel?
100
90
10
30
4
Something that controls the growth or size of a population is a
growth factor
limiting factor
limiting nutrient
carrying capacity
5
How do most primary producers make their own food?
photosynthesis
CO2
respiration
the soil
6
The following shows the growth of bacteria. What word correctly describes the growth curve?
limiting
exponential
logistic
demographic
7
The various growth phases through which most populations go are represented on
a normal curve
logistic growth curve
a population curve
an exponential growth curve
8
Which would be least likely to be affected by adensity-dependent limiting factor?
a population with a high birthrate
a small, scattered population
a large, dense population
a population with a high immigration rate
9
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
communities make up species, which make up populations
populations make up species, which make up communities
species make up populations, which make up communities
species make up communities, which make up populations
10
Which factor might NOT contribute to an exponential growth rate in a given population?
higher birthrates
reduced resources
lower death rates
less competition
11
Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can
reduce the amount of fertile land
crowd out native species
cause biological magnification
cause desertification
12
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
parasitism
emigration
earthquake
disease
13
No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
b/c of interactions that shape the ecosystem
b/c of the competitive exclusion principle
unless the species require different abiotic factors
unless the species require different biotic factors
14
Human activities, such as damming rivers, are what type of limiting factors?
DI
they're not a limiting factor
depends on situation
DD
15
Plants are
Omnivores
Primary producers
Primary consumers
Herbivores
16
What breaks down all levels of a food web?
decomposers
Herbivores
carnivores
scavengers
17
the number of individuals per unit area is a population's
carrying capacity
population size
population density
growth rate
18
The algae at the beginning of the food chain pictured are
primary consumers
heterotrophs
decomposers
primary producers
19
A personal preference or point of view is
a bias
a hypothesis
an inference
a theory
20
The study of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment is
Sociology
Biology
Economy
Ecology
21
The simplest grouping of more than one kind oforganism in the biosphere is
population
community
ecosystem
species
22
Which of the following is NOT likely to be a limiting factor on the
sea otte
r population?
disease
competition
drought
predation
23
Which of the following is a biological aspect of an organism's niche?
the water in the area
amount of sunlight
composition of soil
the way it gets food
24
What characteristic of living things does the picture show?
Grow and Develop
Made up of Cells
Reproduce
Need material and energy
25
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
Growth and Development
Ability to Reproduce
Respond to Environment
Ability to Move
26
The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is
community
biosphere
ecosystem
biome
27
If the death rate of a population is greater than the birthrate, the population
stays the same
not enough information to tell
increases
decreases
28
The following is the definition of what?
Role in an Ecosystem
Niche
species
habitat
29
Different species can share the same habitat, but competition among them is reduced if they
reproduce at different times
eat less
occupy different niches
increase their populations
30
A word that means the same thing as a consumer is
autotroph
producer
heterotroph
carbohydrate
31
Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
concentration of oxygen
temperature
# and types of predators
type of soil
32
As resources in a population become less available, the population
reaches carrying capacity
enters a phase of exponential growth
declines rapidly
increases slowly
33
The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is
homeostasis
evolution
metabolism
photosynthesis
34
The movement of organisms into a range is called
carrying capacity
population shift
emigration
immigration
35
What is at the base of all ecological pyramids?
Consumers
Producers
Scavengers
Decomposers
36
The work of a scientist usually begins with
careful observations
creating experiments
testing a hypothesis
drawing conclusions
37
An example of a human caused disturbance is
Forest clearing
Growing lichens
Wildfires
A hurricane
38
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
omnivores
chemotrophs
autotrophs
herbivores
39
Which are two ways a population can decrease in size?
Immigration and emigration
decreased birth rate and emigration
emigration and increased birth rate
increased death rate and immigration
40
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT:
soil type
plant life
temperature
rainfall
41
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?
trophic level
energy path
food chain
food pyramid
42
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem made up a food
interaction
web
chain
network
43
What is the most likely cause of the decrease in moosepopulation immediately after 1995?
Overcrowding caused competition in the moose population
Many moose reached old age and died
A decrease in predators caused competition in the moose
Poisonous plants killed off many moose
44
A wolf pack hunts, kills, and feeds on a moose. Inthis interaction, the wolves are
prey
predators
mutualists
hosts
45
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
predation
parasitism
mutualism
commensalism
