The graphs show the patterns of population change for Niger, the U.S., & Japan. What indicates the U.S. has slow growth?

the similarity in the sizes of the bars for ages 59 and younger

Which of the following would happen to lactase and lactose if the temperature and pH fell far outside of these ranges?

The lactase would be unable to break down the lactose.

Which of these events that involve carrying capacity will cause a species to become extinct?

Limiting factors change enough to reduce carrying capacity to zero

Maya is doing research for her biology report about the effects of vaccinations.

The crowd-sourced entry on vaccine effectiveness by a general public site.

The graph shows the S-shape curve representing logistic growth. What happens when the population is at carrying capacity

The size of the population remains at or near its maximum.

Which of the following describes a process that is part of the water cycle?

Groundwater is taken up by plant roots.

Which of the following is an example of how a density-independent limiting factor could affect a population?

A hurricane blows down most of the palm trees on an island.

What part of scientific methodology best explains replacing the static universe theory w/the expanding universe theory?

It was accepted b/c it was the best explanation for many observations.

Catalase is class of enzyme which acts on the decomposition rxn of hydrogen peroxide:How does catalase alter this rxn?

Catalase speeds up the reaction.

Which inference about the best amounts of fertilizer is supported by the data?

Giving plants too little or too much fertilizer slows down growth.

What is the most likely reason that phrenology would not have been scientifically valid?

Head bumps are acquired, so they don't reflect in born character.

In the graph, both birth & death rate changed significantly around 1960. Which of these events was the likely cause?

a severe drought that greatly reduced the food supply

Waht is the most accurate description of an ecosystem near Chennai?

an ecosystem that changes throughout the year due to variations in rainfall

Which of the following best describes the changes to China’s population for the years 1975 to 2010?

The population was decreasing due to a change in government policy.

The graph represents the growth of a population of bacteria over time. Why is the population is most likely growing?

unlimited resources and no competition

How does the phosphorus cycle differ from the biogeochemical cycles of other elements, incl. carbon, oxygen, & nitrogen?

Phosphorus cycles through the bio, geo, & hydrosphere, not the atmosphere

Which of the following best describes myxomatosis and its effect on the rabbit population?

Density-dependent limiting factor/drastic & permanent effect on population

What chemical principle is modeled by this experiment?

Capillary actions causes the water to rise in the celery.

Which of the following functions of biological macromolecules can be carried out by both lipids and proteins?

function as chemical messengers

Scientists measure increasing levels of greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere. How do they affect ecosystems?

Ecosystems are warming in all locations on land and in water

What role, if any, could the unicorn have in the science of biology?

The unicorn isn't real and, so, has no role in biological investigations.

Waters in the coastal ocean tend to be more productive than waters of similar depth in the open ocean. Why?

nutrient-rich runoff from the land

A population of 50 goats is stuck on a lg. island. Which relates birthrate, death rate, and changes to population size ?

When death rate is > birthrate, the population size will decrease.

A population of rabbits in a meadow increases over time. Of the following events, which is most likely to be the cause?

emigration of rabbit predators from the meadow

Predict the result of this experiment.

The enzyme works best @ temp.s close to 37°C & under acidic conditions

What is wrong with this thought?

Theories don’t become laws & is different than the everyday use of the word

What is the importance of this step in scientific investigations?

Researcher share ideas & certify the work meets scientific standards.

A plant disease is killing many kinds of land plants. What can you predict will happen to the ecosystem as a result?

The muskrats will decrease & cause the raccoons & bobcats to decrease

Global climate changed many times throughout Earth’s history. What ecosystem changes have been caused by climate change?

a wide variety of gradual and sudden changes to ecosystems

Which statement about surface water is most useful for explaining this observation?

Only surface water receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis.

Which of the following statements best applies to this scenario?

The scientists evaluate scientific claims, & dismiss invalid ones.

Based on the graph, what is the most likely cause of seasonal variations in ecosystem near Yuma?

variations in average temperature between 10°C and 30°C

Which is the most likely cause of a mass extinction?

global climate change that occurs rapidly

Which statement describes the role of all the consumers in a food web?

Consumers take in food that is made by other organisms.

The diagram shows the structure of alanine, an amino acid.

adding an amino group (–NH2) to a carbon compound

How is the word theory used in science?

A tested, reliable scientific explanation of events in the natural world.

Like many food webs, this one doesn't show decomposers. Which would be the most accurate way to include decomposers?

Add arrows from decomposers to the algae and grass.

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Biology 1 Semester 1 Exam Review

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Questions 43

Answers

1
The graphs show the patterns of population change for Niger, the U.S., & Japan. What indicates the U.S. has slow growth?
the variations in the sizes of the bars for ages 75 and older
the similarity in the sizes of the bars for ages 59 and younger
the symmetry across the vertical line
the total percent of the population younger than 75
2
Which of the following would happen to lactase and lactose if the temperature and pH fell far outside of these ranges?
The lactase would carry out the reverse reaction, synthesizing lactose.
The lactose would be broken down in the same way as within the given range.
The lactase would break apart lactose into very small molecules.
The lactase would be unable to break down the lactose.
3
Which of these events that involve carrying capacity will cause a species to become extinct?
All the species in an ecosystem reach carrying capacities at the same time
Limiting factors change great enough to increase the carrying capacity
Species' populations increase past the carrying capacity of the environment
Limiting factors change enough to reduce carrying capacity to zero
4
Maya is doing research for her biology report about the effects of vaccinations.
A website maintained by the federal government.
A website with an peer-review medical journal article by a doctor.
The crowd-sourced entry on vaccine effectiveness by a general public site.
An internat'l organization's site dedicated to monitoring disease outbreaks
5
Which of these is a relationship shown in the food web?
Alligators consume muskrats.
Catfish consume shrimp.
Bobcats consume raccoons.
Algae consume small fish.
6
The graph shows the S-shape curve representing logistic growth. What happens when the population is at carrying capacity
The growth rate decreases because births increase.
The size of the population continues to grow exponentially.
The size of the population remains at or near its maximum.
The growth rate increases because deaths increase.
7
What type of reaction is shown in the graph?
energy-releasing reaction
reverse reaction
energy-absorbing reaction
enzyme-catalyzed reaction
8
Which of the following describes a process that is part of the water cycle?
Surface water seeps into the clouds.
Water enters the biosphere through transpiration.
Groundwater is taken up by plant roots.
Water from clouds evaporates into the ocean.
9
Which of the following is an example of how a density-independent limiting factor could affect a population?
Wolves prey on a population of deer in a forest.
A hurricane blows down most of the palm trees on an island.
A population of algae stops increasing when it covers the surface of a pond
Invasive weeds spread rapidly across a meadow.
10
What part of scientific methodology best explains replacing the static universe theory w/the expanding universe theory?
In science, all theories are replaced by new ones until 1 becomes law.
Hubble was popular with the public, so his idea became a new theory.
It was accepted b/c it was the best explanation for many observations.
We need more sensitive devices to detect the slow expansion of the universe
11
Catalase is class of enzyme which acts on the decomposition rxn of hydrogen peroxide:How does catalase alter this rxn?
Catalase slows down the reaction.
Catalase decreases the mass of product per unit reactant.
Catalase speeds up the reaction.
Catalase increases the mass of product per unit reactant.
12
Which inference about the best amounts of fertilizer is supported by the data?
Giving radish plants less fertilizer will increase plant growth.
Giving plants too little or too much fertilizer will not affect growth
Giving plants too little or too much fertilizer slows down growth.
Giving radish plants more fertilizer will increase plant growth.
13
What is the most likely reason that phrenology would not have been scientifically valid?
Too few people have bumps on their heads to study.
Results aren't verifiable & repeated so they can't predict future behavior.
Head bumps are acquired, so they don't reflect in born character.
The results weren't published.
14
In the graph, both birth & death rate changed significantly around 1960. Which of these events was the likely cause?
a change in government policy that increased the food supply
a change in government policy that allowed emigration from the country
a severe drought that greatly reduced the food supply
enacting of the one-child policy
15
Plants in estuaries incl. mangroves & grasses. Compared to plants on dry land, or in rivers, estuary plants tolerate: ?
salty water
cold water
rocky soil
nutrient-poor soil
16
Waht is the most accurate description of an ecosystem near Chennai?
an ecosystem that changes from year to year due to increasing precipitation
an ecosystem that changes throughout the year due to variations in temps.
an ecosystem that changes throughout the year due to variations in rainfall
a stable ecosystem that remains about the same throughout the year
17
Which of the following best describes the changes to China’s population for the years 1975 to 2010?
The population remained the same due to a mostly constant death rate.
The population was decreasing due to a change in government policy.
The population was increasing due to a greater birth rate than death rate.
The population was decreasing due to a decreasing birth rate.
18
The graph represents the growth of a population of bacteria over time. Why is the population is most likely growing?
unlimited resources and no competition
the introduction of a food source that bacteria cannot use
the introduction of a bacteria-killing drug
high competition for limited resources
19
How does the phosphorus cycle differ from the biogeochemical cycles of other elements, incl. carbon, oxygen, & nitrogen?
Phosphorus cycles through nonliving systems, but not the biosphere.
Phosphorus is most common as a gas in the atmosphere.
Phosphorus cycles through the bio, geo, & hydrosphere, not the atmosphere
Phosphorus cycles forms chemical compounds with many other elements.
20
Which of the following best describes myxomatosis and its effect on the rabbit population?
Density-independent limiting factor/drastic but temp. effect on population
Density-dependent limiting factor/temporary & minimal effect on population
Density-dependent limiting factor/drastic & permanent effect on population
Density-independent limiting factor/drastic & permanent effect on populatio
21
What chemical principle is modeled by this experiment?
Food coloring molecule's charge is attracted to opposite charge in celery.
Celery = 60% H2O. Food coloring dissolves in H2O & spreads through celery.
The celery absorbs the food coloring as a buffer to get a pH of near 7.
Capillary actions causes the water to rise in the celery.
22
Which of the following functions of biological macromolecules can be carried out by both lipids and proteins?
function as chemical messengers
control of reaction rates
transfer of genetic information
ability to help fight disease
23
Scientists measure increasing levels of greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere. How do they affect ecosystems?
Ecosystems are warming in all locations on land and in water
Polar region ecosystems are warming, but staying the same elsewhere
Tropical ecosystems are getting warmer but staying the same elsewhere
Continental interior ecosystems are warming and coastlines cooling
24
What role, if any, could the unicorn have in the science of biology?
The unicorn could provide data for the body structure of real animals.
The unicorn isn't real and, so, has no role in biological investigations.
The unicorn could be the subject of an investigation of horses.
The unicorn could be used to test new ideas about animal evolution.
25
Waters in the coastal ocean tend to be more productive than waters of similar depth in the open ocean. Why?
nutrient-rich runoff from the land
higher levels of dissolved carbon dioxide
more sunlight
warmer temperatures
26
The diagram shows glucose. What function in living things do polymers of glucose fulfil?
They store and release energy.
They form waterproof coverings.
They transmit genetic information.
They regulate cell processes.
27
Based on the data in the table, the unknown solution contains which molecules?
sugars and starches
starches and lipids
lipids and proteins
proteins and sugars
28
A population of 50 goats is stuck on a lg. island. Which relates birthrate, death rate, and changes to population size ?
When death rate is > birthrate, the population size will decrease.
When death rate is < birthrate, the population size will stay the same.
When birthrate is < death rate, the population size will increase.
When birthrate = death rate, the population size will greatly increase.
29
A population of rabbits in a meadow increases over time. Of the following events, which is most likely to be the cause?
increased population of plant-eating insects
emigration of rabbit predators from the meadow
immigration of rabbit competitors from the surrounding area
decreased biomass of meadow grasses
30
Predict the result of this experiment.
The enzyme works best @ temp.s close to 37°C & under acidic conditions
The enzyme works best @ temp.s close to 37°C & under alkaline conditions
The enzyme works best @ temp.s close to 12°C & under alkaline conditions
The enzyme works best @ temp.s close to 20°C & under acidic conditions
31
What is this type of mixture called?
solvent
suspension
solution
solute
32
What is wrong with this thought?
Confusing the meanings of the terms theory and hypothesis.
Misconception about the types of questions science can answer& which can't
Theories don’t become laws & is different than the everyday use of the word
Confusing the meanings of scientific law and scientific theory.
33
What is the importance of this step in scientific investigations?
Allows researchers to share ideas & certifies the work is correct.
Sharing ideas leads to them being stolen. Don't do it.
It's restricted to final proven experimental results by known scientists.
Researcher share ideas & certify the work meets scientific standards.
34
A plant disease is killing many kinds of land plants. What can you predict will happen to the ecosystem as a result?
Alligators will be unaffected because they don't eat plants
Raccoons will eat fish when plants die off
Catfish will decrease because shrimp will decrease in numbers
The muskrats will decrease & cause the raccoons & bobcats to decrease
35
Global climate changed many times throughout Earth’s history. What ecosystem changes have been caused by climate change?
seasonal changes to ecosystems, but not changes from year to year
slow, gradual changes to ecosystems, but not sudden changes
minimal, temporary changes to ecosystems, but not permanent changes
a wide variety of gradual and sudden changes to ecosystems
36
Which statement about surface water is most useful for explaining this observation?
Only surface water is warm enough for photosynthesis.
Only surface water receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
Only surface H2O has the dissolved carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis
Only surface water has sufficiently low salinity for photosynthesis.
37
Which of the following statements best applies to this scenario?
Science can’t answer the ? of cold fusion b/c it involves the supernatural.
If other researchers got the same results, cold fusion would become a law.
They published in a low-quality scientific journal b/c better ones won't.
The scientists evaluate scientific claims, & dismiss invalid ones.
38
Based on the graph, what is the most likely cause of seasonal variations in ecosystem near Yuma?
variations in average temperature between 10°C and 30°C
a gradual increase in rainfall throughout the year
variations in average rainfall between 0 and 100 mm
sudden storms that bring high rainfall for brief periods
39
Which is the most likely cause of a mass extinction?
a natural disaster, such as an earthquake or volcanic eruption
global climate change that occurs gradually
an outbreak of a disease
global climate change that occurs rapidly
40
Which statement describes the role of all the consumers in a food web?
Consumers take in food that is made by other organisms.
Consumers obtain food by eating other consumers.
Consumers obtain food by eating plants and algae, but not animals.
Consumers make their own food using the process of photosynthesis.
41
The diagram shows the structure of alanine, an amino acid.
removing a carboxyl group (–COOH) from a carbon compound
adding oxygen atoms to a 6-carbon sugar
adding an amino group (–NH2) to a carbon compound
removing sulfur atoms from a 6-carbon sugar
42
How is the word theory used in science?
When a single hypothesis is well supported by a wide body of evidence.
Scientists use theory when they mean that they have a hunch or a guess
Scientists use the word theory when they are not certain about an idea.
A tested, reliable scientific explanation of events in the natural world.
43
Like many food webs, this one doesn't show decomposers. Which would be the most accurate way to include decomposers?
Add arrows from the bobcat and alligator to decomposers.
Add arrows from decomposers to the algae and grass.
Add arrows from each of the organisms in the food web to decomposers.
Add arrows from the algae and grass to decomposers.

Biology 1 Semester 1 Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud