blocks the action of neurotransmitters

Most explanations for the Flynn effect revolve around...

a variety of environmental factors

Slot machines increase gambling behavior through the use of...

an intermittent reinforcement schedule

The function of sensory memory is to...

hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer

Freud concluded that psychological disturbances are largely caused by...

personal conflicts existing at the unconscious level

A perceptual set implies that...

people often see what they expect to see

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AP Psychology Exam Review

100 termsStudBud Administration59 plays

A basic review over all material covered in AP Psychology used to prepare for the AP Exam.

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Questions 100

Answers

1
An antagonist...
mimics the action of a neurotransmitter
blocks the action of neurotransmitters
prevents reuptake of neurotransmitters
extends the absolute refractory period
2
The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is...
suppression
avoidance
repression
neurogenic amnesia
3
If two sounds vary in frequency they are perceived as differing in...
timbre
pitch
decibels
loudness
4
Watson defined psychology as the scientific study of...
behavior
the unconscious
the brain
conscious experience
5
Most explanations for the Flynn effect revolve around...
group differences in basic intelligence
changes in testing procedures
genetic influences on IQ
a variety of environmental factors
6
Which of the following statements is the best example of telegraphic speech?
i wanted a cookie
cookie
give cookie
I eated a cookie
7
Slot machines increase gambling behavior through the use of...
a non-contingent reinforcement schedule
a continuous reinforcement schedule
an intermittent reinforcement schedule
a short-delay reinforcement schedule
8
According to Freud, nail-biting may be evidence of fixation at the _____ stage of development.
latency
genital
oral
anal
9
Severing the reticular formation in cats caused them to
become aggressive
remain in continuous wakefulness
become fearful/cautious
remain in continuous sleep
10
Learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs is known as...
insight learning
latent learning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
11
Mary Ainsworth's strategy for studying infant attachment is known as the __________ procedure.
strange situation
attachment probing
secure-avoidant
shared inhibition
12
Common side effects of ____ include mood swings, aggression, and impaired mental functioning.
narcotics
alcohol
cannabis
sedatives
13
A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus (ex. inkblot) is
a behavior rating
a projective test
a self-report inventory
a deceptive test
14
The wavelength of light mainly affects our perception of...
saturation
color
light purity
brightness
15
We often perceive a series of dots as a "solid" line because of the Gestalt principle of...
closure
symmetry
constancy
similiarity
16
____ measure general mental ability while ___ measure various aspects of people (values, etc).
standardized; intelligence
intelligence; standardized
personality; standardized
intelligence; personality
17
The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer to the desired response is..
step-wise conditioning
stimulus discrimination
shaping
selection
18
The minimum stimulus intensity of any sensory input that an organism can detect is called the..
subliminal threshold
absolute threshold
sensory memory
just noticeable difference
19
If the occipital lobe is stimulated, the person would be most likely to report...
seeing a flash of light
hearing a sound
smelling an odor
moving a part of his body
20
In Pavlov's experiment, the unconditioned stimulus was the...
tone
salivation
light
food/meat powder
21
The ability to generate ideas that are original, novel, and useful defines...
reasoning
creativity
intelligence
insight
22
The assumption of a preoperational child that a car is moving because she is in it demonstrates
centration
egocentrism
conservation
reversibility
23
If a psychological test intends to tell you how you score relative to others, they must develop
test scores
test levels
test scales
test norms
24
Which technique would be most useful for locating specific neurotransmitters in the brain?
magnetic resonance imaging
electrographic tomography
computerized tomography
positron emission tomography
25
Substances such as viruses and drugs that can harm a developing fetus are known as...
pathogens
teratogens
prenatals
opiates
26
The chemicals that are secreted from the terminal buttons into the synapse are...
antagonists
neurotransmitters
action potentials
agonists
27
According to the James-Lange theory, one's conscious experience of emotion occurs..
after autonomic arousal
before autonomic arousal
independently of autonomic arousal
simultaneously with autonomic arousal
28
The last area of the brain to fully mature in late adolescence or early adulthood is the...
occipital cortex
hypothalamus
prefrontal cortex
medulla
29
The amygdala plays a role in the modulation of which emotion?
surprise
happiness
sadness
fear
30
Expectations about what is appropriate behavior for each sex most accurately describes...
gender differences
gender stereotypes
gender behaviors
gender roles
31
Tension reduction is the goal of which motivational theory?
evolutionary theory
instinct theory
drive theory
incentive theory
32
The structure that controls the size of the pupil is the...
iris
vitreous humor
lens
cornea
33
Who is responsible for establishing psychology as an independent discipline?
William James
Wilhelm Wundt
Rene Decartes
G. Stanley Hall
34
Sleep spindles are characteristic of which stage of the sleep cycle?
stage 1
stage 4
stage 2
REM
35
Multiple-choice tests use what measure of memory?
relearning
recognition
reiteration
recall
36
Which brain structure is most closely related to regulating emotions?
cerebellum
brainstem
limbic system
reticular formation
37
Classical conditioning could account for how a child learns to...
fear the dark
sing a song
tie shoe laces
print letters
38
Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to...
the conjunction fallacy
the confirmation bias
overestimating the improbable
the gambler's fallacy
39
The deepest level of processing which involves emphasizing the meaning of words is known as...
the semantic level of encoding
dyadic encoding
attention encoding
the triarchic level of encoding
40
Which type of intelligence involves the ability to apply acquired knowledge in problem solving?
fluid
procedural
episodic
crystallized
41
An electroencephalograph is used in sleep research to measure brain-wave activity in the...
cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
medulla
corpus callosum
42
The function of sensory memory is to...
hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
hold information for a lifetime
put information into long-term memory
hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
43
The minimum length of time between action potentials is determined by...
transduction incapacity
the absolute refractory period
transduction capacity
the relative threshold period
44
Freud concluded that psychological disturbances are largely caused by...
genetic dispositions to behave in a particular way
conflicts between unconscious desires and environment
unrealistic demands from family/friends
personal conflicts existing at the unconscious level
45
Five-year-old Bob washes his bike after seeing his father wash his car, demonstrating...
superstitious behavior
observational learning
classical conditioning
positive reinforcement
46
A perceptual set implies that...
people often see what they expect to see
visual perception is based on bottom-up processing
the focused-attention stage of processing is overridden
feature analysis is a "hard-wired" process
47
According to the notion of semantic networks, which word pair should be linked most closely?
car-nose
tree-bird
fill-feed
boat-goat
48
A stimulus evokes a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus in...
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
observational learning
state-dependent learning
49
Rehearsal is most beneficial for maintaining information in _______ memory.
sensory
short-term
intermediate-term
long-term
50
Unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events are called...
non-declarative memories
episodic memories
flashbulb memories
sensory memories
51
The most optimistic view of human nature is found in the ________ approach.
behavioral
humanistic
cognitive
psychoanalytic
52
The superego is Freud's term for...
the biological impulses that drive behavior
the conscious aspect of personality
the mediating agent between the id and ego
the moral component of personality
53
The hypothalamus communicates with the endocrine system by way of the..
pancreas
pituitary gland
sebaceous gland
thyroid gland
54
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can best be described as an instance of...
complete storage failure
partial storage
partial retrieval
complete retrieval failure
55
Which of the following is not a common effect of hypnosis?
total loss of personal control
resistance to pain
hallucinations
reduction of inhibitions
56
Your GPA is an example of which measure of central tendency?
median
mean
midpoint
mode
57
According to the medical model...
all mental illnesses are caused by biological factors
all mental illnesses can be treated using drugs
abnormal behavior can be thought of as a disease
all physical illnesses have a psychological component
58
The area of psychology referring to mental processes or thinking is known as...
introspection
cognition
mentalism
intelligence
59
Potty training is a key challenge in which of Erikson's stages of development?
autonomy vs. shame & doubt
industry vs. inferiority
initiative vs. guilt
trust vs. mistrust
60
Negative reinforcement involves...
the removal of an unpleasant stimulus
the presentation of an unpleasant stimulus
the removal of a pleasant stimulus
the presentation of a pleasant stimulus
61
According to the five-factor model, people who score _____ tend to be trusting and cooperative.
low in extraversion
high in neuroticism
low in openness
high in agreeableness
62
A person who loses memories of events that occur following a head injury is experiencing...
retroactive interference
anterograde amnesia
retrograde amnesia
pseudoforgetting
63
The structure of the ear that transduces sound vibrations into nerve impulses is the...
cochlea
temporal lobe
stirrup
oval window
64
During the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, a child experiences the world through..
logical reasoning
systematic hypothesis testing
abstract operations
physical interaction
65
In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be..
retrieved
modeled
ablated
encoded
66
People who have hormonal imbalances have problems with their...
reticular formation
endocrine system
leftbrain/right brain communication
limbic system
67
The ability to rapidly process words in reading depends most on...
lateral processing
bottom-to-top processing
bottom-up processing
top-down processing
68
The registration of sensory input without conscious awareness refers to
a superimposed stimulus
a just noticeable difference
a false alarm
subliminal perception
69
Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events defines...
perception
processing
sensation
attention
70
At which stage do people use a personal code of ethics to guide their moral reasoning?
preconventional
conventional
concrete
postconventional
71
The neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia is...
acetylcholine
dopamine
serotonin
endorphin
72
The test you are currently taking is an example of what kind of test?
an intelligence test
an achievement test
an aptitude test
a personality test
73
The gate-control theory suggests that incoming pain sensations may be blocked at the...
thalamus
spinal cord
cortex
location of injury
74
Jay used to say "mikk", but now says "milk" properly, meaning he has made gains in the use of..
linguistic heuristics
morphemes
syntax
phonemes
75
In experiments, subjects that receive special treatment are known as...
the experimental group
the observational group
the control group
the correlational group
76
Framing refers to...
presenting only part of the information required
structuring decision problems so they lead to poor decisions
how alternatives in a decision problem are presented
presenting irrelevant information
77
When people overestimate the frequency of violent crimes because these events are on TV, they..
are using the availability heuristic
use a holistic decision model
use the elimination by aspects strategy
are using the representativeness heuristic
78
If a teacher gives an exam with questions that were not covered in class, the test lacks..
predictive validity
standardized validity
content validity
criterion-related validity
79
Conditioned taste aversions represent an unusual or atypical example of...
operant conditioning
observational learning
classical conditioning
punishment
80
The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain is called the...
thalamus
parietal lobe
pineal gland
corpus callosum
81
The EEG pattern associated with normal, waking, alert states is...
alpha
gamma
beta
delta
82
Reliability refers to the _______ of a measuring device, such as a test.
accuracy of inference
consistency
predictability
representativeness
83
If you were awakened during REM sleep, you would probably report that you had...
not really been asleep
a headache
been dreaming
not been dreaming
84
The hypothalamus influences or regulates all of the following except...
feeding
memory
the autonomic nervous system
the endocrine system
85
Homeostasis is a state of...
psychological instability
physiological stability
psychological stability
physiological instability
86
The production of speech is controlled by which area of the frontal lobe?
Cannon's area
Wernicke's area
Sperry's area
Broca's area
87
The gradual disappearance of an operant response that is no longer being reinforced is called..
extinction
unconditioning
conditioned forgetting
spontaneous remission
88
The idea that dreams are the cortex's attempt to make sense of general firing of the brain is..
wish fulfillment theory
activation-synthesis theory
None of the Above
problem-solving theory
89
A valid test is one that...
has been standardized but not normed
is reliable
is consistent
measures what it is supposed to measure
90
The awareness of self, your thoughts, internal sensations and external stimuli is defined as...
hypnosis
perception
sensation
consciousness
91
Although Sheri falls asleep easily, she has difficulty remaining asleep. Sheri suffers from..
narcolepsy
sleep apnea
insomnia
pseudoinsomnia
92
Which type of learning causes voluntary responses to be controlled by their consequences?
classical conditioning
observational learning
reinforcement
operant conditioning
93
In which level of processing is an emphasis placed on the sounds of words?
mnemonic
phonemic
platonic
morphemic
94
What appears to be responsible for regulating circadian rhythm?
cultural practices
exposure to light
amount of time alseep
amount of time awake
95
If a dog salivates to a blue light but not a yellow light, the dog is demonstrating...
stimulus generalization
spontaneous recovery
stimulus discrimination
conditioned emotional reactions
96
The largely unconscious reactions used to protect us from guilt and anxiety are known as...
offense mechanisms
id mechanisms
coping mechanisms
defense mechanisms
97
A student's organized set of expectations on how a professor should act is an example of a..
chunk
semantic network
schema
script
98
The Binet-Simon scale of intelligence expressed a child's score in terms of...
a potential score
a percentile score
IQ
mental age
99
A worker who is paid every Friday for completing his 40-hour work week is being paid on a...
fixed-ratio schedule
variable-interval schedule
variable-ratio schedule
fixed-interval schedule
100
Which of the following is not one of the intelligence types described by Gardner?
logical-mathemathical
spatial
mechanical
musical

AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud