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Psychology Myers Unit 6 Learning
Psychology Myers Unit 6 Learning
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1
Learning that certain events occur together is called
latent learning.
associative learning.
observational learning.
.conditioned reinforcement.
2
Pets who learn that the sound of an electric can opener signals the arrival of food illustrate
shaping.
observational learning.
classical conditioning.
negative reinforcement.
3
In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, a CR was
sight of the food in the bowl.
the sound of a tone.
alivation to the taste of food.
salivation to the sound of a tone.
4
Your dog racing to greet you on your arrival home is an example of....
Latent learning
Observational
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
5
Knowing the way from your bed to the bathroom in the dark is an example of
Observational
Latent learning
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
6
The best evidence that animals develop cognitive maps comes from studies of
secondary reinforcement.
spontaneous recovery.
latent learning.
generalization.
7
In Pavlov's experiments, the dog's salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was a(n)
conditioned response.
unconditioned stimulus.
conditioned stimulus.
neutral stimulus.
8
Your little brother getting in a fight after watching a violent action movie is an example of...
Classical conditioning
Latent learning
Operant conditioning
Observational
9
Provides evidence that a CR is not completely eliminated during extinction
generalization
latent learning
partial reinforcement
spontaneous recovery
10
Martin Seligman came up with the terms
Learned Helplessness
Insight
Mind maps
Latent Learning
11
The researcher most closely associated with the study of classical conditioning is
Ivan Pavlov.
Edward Thorndike.
B. F. Skinner.
Albert Bandura.
12
Watching the night sky for shooting stars is likely to be reinforced on a ________ schedule.
fixed-ratio
variable-ratio
variable-interval
fixed-interval
13
Jane was put in time-out until she stopped screaming
negative reinforcement.
positive punishment.
negative punishment.
positive reinforcement.
14
Purchasing state lottery tickets is reinforced with monetary winnings on a ________ schedule.
fixed-ratio
fixed-interval
variable-ratio
variable-interval
15
In Pavlov's experiments, the dog's salivation triggered by the taste of food was a(n)
unconditioned stimulus.
neutral stimulus.
conditioned response.
unconditioned response.
16
Where are mirror neurons located?
Sensory Cortex
Temporal Lobes
Parietal Lobes
Frontal Lobes
17
Wolfgang Kohler found that Sultan demonstrated
Instinctive drift
Learned Helplessness
Classical conditioning
Insight
18
For purposes of effective child-rearing, most psychologists favor the use of
shaping over modeling.
reinforcement over punishment.
primary reinforcers over secondary reinforcers.
classical conditioning over operant conditioning.
19
Skinner'S OPERANT CHAMBER used a procedure known as
intrinsic motivation.
modeling.
shaping.
conditioned stimuli.
20
A child's learned fear at the sight of a hypodermic needle is a(n)
conditioned stimulus.
unconditioned response.
conditioned response.
unconditioned stimulus
21
An organism learns associations between events it does not control during the process of
extrinsic motivation.
operant conditioning.
classical conditioning.
negative reinforcement.
22
John B. Watson considered himself to be a(n)
humanistic psychologist
cognitive psychologist
behavioral psychologist
psychoanalyst
23
Animals tend to revert from newly learned habits to their biologically predisposed behaviors.
spontaneous recovery.
operant conditioning.
the law of effect.
instinctive drift.
24
Emma believes that she will succeed in business if she works hard & carefully manages her time
an internal locus of control.
reaction formation.
reciprocal determinism.
the self-reference phenomenon.
25
For the most rapid acquisition of a CR, the CS should be presented
shortly before the US.
at the same time as the US.
shortly after the US.
shortly before the CR.
26
B. F. Skinner's work elaborated what E. L. Thorndike had called
shaping.
the law of effect.
observational learning.
behaviorism.
27
In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, the US was
salivation to the food in the mouth.
the presentation of food in the dog's mouth.
salivation to the sound of a tone.
a tone.
28
Conditioning is the process of
observational learning.
learning associations.
discrimination.
generalization.
29
Which of the following is an unconditioned response?
running through a maze to get a food reward
clapping after a thrilling concert performance
sweating in hot weather
getting money as a reward
30
The reappearance, after a time lapse, of an extinguished CR is called
spontaneous recovery.
generalization.
latent learning.
secondary reinforcement.
31
An event that decreases the behavior that precedes it is a
negative reinforcer.
secondary reinforcer.
delayed reinforcer.
punishment.
32
You would be most likely to use operant conditioning to teach a dog to
fear cars in the street.
retrieve sticks and balls.
salivate when presented with food.
dislike the taste of dead birds.
33
In which form of learning is behavior said to be influenced by its consequences?
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
observational learning
latent learning
34
Skinner is to shaping as Bandura is to
discriminating.
punishing.
modeling.
generalizing.
35
Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.
CS; UR
UR; CR
CS; US
US; UR
36
New behaviors take around 66 days to become habitual.
True
False
37
Revoking the driver's license of a reckless driver is intended to serve as a
negative punishment.
negative reinforcement.
positive reinforcement.
positive punishment.
38
The Bobo doll experiment was performed by
Albert Bandura.
Robert Koelling
B.F. Skinner
John Garcia.
39
In his research with rats, he discovered they created a cognitive map
Edward Tolman
Albert Bandura
Martin Seligman
Ivan Pavlov
40
An event that increases the frequency of the behavior that it follows is a(n)
operant behavior.
reinforcer.
unconditioned stimulus.
conditioned stimulus.
41
Tom, who enjoys studying, gets paid $10 for every A. Now he no longer enjoys studying but likes the $. What did he lose?
Insight learning
Extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Latent learning
42
The most crucial ingredient in all learning is
shaping.
modeling.
experience.
maturation.
43
Dogs strapped into a harness and given repeated and unavoidable shocks
developed learned helplessness.
experienced extinction.
underwent spontaneous recovery.
developed a conditioned reinforcer.
44
Which of the following is an example of a respondent behavior?
blushing when embarrassed
thanking someone for their help
studying for a test
sniffing to locate the source of a strange odor
45
A child is spanked after running into the street.
negative reinforcer.
positive punishment.
negative punishment
positive reinforcer.
46
Mirror neurons provide a biological basis for
the law of effect.
insight learning.
observational learning.
spontaneous recovery.
47
In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, the CS was
the sound of a tone.
salivation to the taste of food.
the anticipation of food.
the taste of food.
48
Toddlers taught to fear moving cars may also begin to fear moving trucks and motorcycles
secondary reinforcement.
intermittent reinforcement.
generalization.
shaping.