Which statement about stroke volume (SV) is true?

As LVEDV increases, SV increases

According to ASE/EACVI guidelines, the definition of cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction is a:

Decrease in LVEF >10%, to a value of <53%

Which statement about ventricular contractility is true?

Decrease in contractility reduces SV and increases end-systolic volume

Which statement regarding the mechanism of the respiratory pump and its effect on preload is correct?

Insp. ↓ intrathoracic press. and ↑abd. press, which pushes blood toward RA

Which of the following will not result in an underestimation of cardiac index (CI)?

Placement of PW sample volume too close to AV

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Left Ventricular Systolic Function

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Test questions from Bonita Anderson and Margaret M Park's "Basic to Advanced Clinical Echocardiography: A Self-Assessment Tool for the Cardiac Sonographer"

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Questions 19

Answers

1
___________ is the percentage of the ventricular EDV that is ejected with systole.
Fractional area change
Ejection Fraction
Cardiac Index
Stroke Volume Index
2
Which of the following equations are used to calculate the LV SV?
SV = CSA x VTI
SV = LVEDV - LVESV
SV = LVEDV ÷ LVESV
Both A and C
Both A and B
3
____________ is the amount pressure that the ventricle needs to exert to eject blood during contraction.
Pressure overload
Isovolumic contraction
Afterload
Preload
4
Which statement about stroke volume (SV) is true?
Preload has no effect on SV
As LVEDV increases, SV decreases
As LVEDV increases, SV increases
A decrease in afterload will decrease SV
5
Which of the following does not influence LV afterload?
Aortic impedance
Viscosity of blood
Pulmonary artery pressure
None of the above
LV volume and pressure
6
According to ASE/EACVI guidelines, the definition of cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction is a:
↓ in LVEF >15%, to a value below the normal reference value of pt. gender
Decrease in LVED >10%, to a value <53% w/ decrease of GLS by >15%
Decrease in LVEF >10%, to a value of <53%
↓ in LVED >15% to a value below normal for pt. gender and/or ↓ GLS >10%
7
In which phase of the cardiac cycle does the LV reach its smallest volume
Rapid ejection phase
Isovolumic contraction
Reduced ejection phase
Diastolic ejection phase
8
Which country won the first soccer World Cup?
Bolivia
Brazil
Uruguay
Argentina
9
Which statement about ventricular contractility is true?
Decrease in contractility reduces SV and increases end-systolic volume
Increase in contractility increases SV and decreases end diastolic volume
Decrease in contractility increases SV and decreases end-diastolic volume
Increase in contractility reduces SV and decreases end-systolic volume
10
In Home Alone, where is Kevin McCallister's family going on vacation?
London
Disneyland
New York
Paris
11
Cardiac Output is dependent on:
Contractility
Afterload
Heart rate
All of the above
Preload
12
Which statement regarding the mechanism of the respiratory pump and its effect on preload is correct?
Insp. draws blood into the LV by ↓ LVEDP
Exp. ↓ pressure in the RV which ↑preload
Insp. ↑ intrathoracic press and ↓ abd. press, which pushes blood toward RA
Insp. ↓ intrathoracic press. and ↑abd. press, which pushes blood toward RA
13
__________ is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.
Cardiac Index
Stroke Volume
Ejection Fraction
Cardiac Output
14
Which of the following will not result in an underestimation of cardiac index (CI)?
All of the above
Nonparallel alignment of PW cursor with LVOT flow
Overestimation of patient's height
Placement of PW sample volume too close to AV
Underestimation of LVOTd
15
What was the Grinch's dog's name?
Comet
Max
Spot
Steve
16
According to the ASE guidelines, which method is recommended for accurate and reproducible LV volumes?
2D area-length method
3D echocardiography
Teichholz method
2D modified Simpson biplane method
17
Female presents for an echo at 35 weeks gestation. Echo shows ↑ LVEDV and ↑ SV. This is an example of which principle?
Frank-Starling
Kussmaul
Laplace
McConnell
18
All of the following can affect LVEF except:
TR
AS
Loading conditions
MR
19
Visual assessment of LVEF from limited acoustic windows is sometimes required. What is/are the potential limitations?
Experience of the reviewer
Image Quality
All of the above
Inability to interrogate multiple imaging planes simultaneously
Extremes of the heart rate

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