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Higher Biology 3.2 Plant and Animal Breeding Flashcards | StudBud
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Higher Biology 3.2 Plant and Animal Breeding
Higher Biology 3.2 Plant and Animal Breeding
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1
Which of these is a correct description of inbreeding depression?
decrease in frequency of heterozygous recessive deleterious alleles
increase in frequency of heterozygous recessive deleterious alleles
increase in frequency of homozygous recessive deleterious alleles
decrease in frequency of homozygous recessive deleterious alleles
2
Which is a reason that breeders are NOT developing crops and animals for?
higher nutritional values
ability to thrive in particular environmental conditions
higher food yields
fungicide and disease resistance
3
F1 hybrids have...............
increased vigour and yield
decreased vigour and yield
4
Why should the selection of treatments be taken account when designing a field trial?
to take account of the variability within the sample
to eliminate bias
to ensure valid comparisons
to evaluate GM crops
5
Why should the number of replicates be taken account when designing a field trial?
to ensure valid comparisons
to take account of variability within a sample
to evaluate GM crops
to eliminate bias
6
What is produced be crossing two different inbred lines?
F1 hybrid
F2 hybrid
7
Why are plant field trials are carried out in a range of environments?
To evaluate GM crops.
To have increased vigour and yield
To compare the performance of different cultivars
To compare the performance of different treatments
8
Which of the following needs to be taken into account when designing field trials?
The randomisation of treatments
The number of replicates
The frequency of individuals with homozygous recessive deleterious alleles
The selection of treatments
9
An example of Recombinant DNA technology in plant breeding is
selected related plants are bred for several generaions
crossing two different plant breeds to produce a crossbred population
includes insertion of Bt toxin gene into plants for pest resistance
glyphosate resistance gene inserted for herbicide tolerance
10
Which of these is a feature of a crossbreed population?
improved chararcteristics produced from two different species
improved chararcteristics produced from two different breeds
decreased characteristics produced from two different breeds
improved chararcteristics produced from two of the same breeds
11
Which of these is a feature of inbreeding?
the elimination of homozygotes and the development of heterozygosity
the accumulation of heterozygotes and the development of homozygosity
the accumulation of homozygotes and the development of heterozygosity
the elimination of heterozygotes and the development of homozygosity
12
F1 hybrids are not usually bred together as................
the F1 produced shows too much variation
the F2 produced shows too much variation
13
What is the purpose of plant and animal breeding?
To eliminate bias
To ensure valid comparisons
To compare the performance of different cultivars
To improve characteristics to help support sustainable food production
14
Why is plant and animal breeding used?
to increase vigour
to show variation
to improve characteristics
to eliminate heterozyotes
15
Crossing F1 hybrids produces...............
a relatively uniform heterozygous crop
a relatively uniform homozygous crop
16
What process is used to identify organisms with desirable genes?
genome sequencing
data sequencing
mutagenasis
recombinant DNA technology
17
During inbreeding depression, individuals do.............
less well at breeding to reproduce
better at breeding to reproduce
better at surviving to reproduce
less well at surviving to reproduce
18
Why should the randomisation of treatments be taken account when designing a field trial?
to take account of variability within a sample
to evaluate GM crops
to ensure valid comparisons
to eliminate bias
19
How should more crossbred animals be produced?
crossing two F1 hybrids
maintaining the two parent breeds
crossing related animals together for several generations
by inbreeding
20
What features do plants with increases vigour possess?
Increased disease resistance
Increased growth rate
Decreased disease resistance
Decreased growth rate
21
How can new alleles be introduced to animal lines?
crossing a breed with an individual with a different desired genotype
crossing a breed with an individual with the same desired genotype
22
What process is used in breeding programmes to genetically modify crop plants?
recombinant DNA technology
crossbredding
mutagenasis
inbreeding
23
Selected related plants or animals are bred for several generations is an example of .............
crossbredding
inbreeding
24
Plants with increased vigour have.....................
decreased disease resistance or increased growth rate
increased disease resistance or increased growth rate
decreased disease resistance or decreased growth rate
increased disease resistance or decreased growth rate
25
Which of these is a feature of genetically modified plants?
increased disease resistance
improved characteristics
too much variation
increased vigour
