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Sci Rev, Ind Rev, Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud
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Sci Rev, Ind Rev, Enlightenment
Sci Rev, Ind Rev, Enlightenment
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1
How did pre-modern people believe flies reproduced?
They were just baby butterflies
Formed from rotting materials
Magic?
Laid eggs, which hatched maggots, which became flies
2
What is heliocentrism?
Theory that the moon and earth are one body
Theory that space-time can be curved
Theory that the earth revolves around the sun
Theory that the tides are caused by the moon
3
Which of the following is not a step in the cloth-making process?
Knocking
Spinning
Carding
Weaving
4
What is the "state of nature"?
Environmental "normalcy"
A world without humans
An imagined time when humans did not live in large societies
A nation made entirely of tree people
5
Which of the following did Isaac Newton NOT do?
Show that white light could be refracted into various colors
Establish heliocentrism as a widely-accepted theory
Create calculus
Delineate and quantify the mechanics of the physical world
6
Which of the following was an effect on social classes caused by the Industrial Revolution?
Decline of the nobility
Increased power for peasants
Rise of a new "working class"
Merchant class goes extinct
7
What was an effect of the mechanization of cloth production?
Empowered farmers
Put those who made cloth by hand out of work
Created new factory jobs
Empowered nobles
8
What was the "enclosure" movement?
Switch in English military strategy to an emphasis on naval power
Popularity of "enclosed" doll houses in the 17th century
Growth of scientific thinking
Push by nobility to fence off common lands
9
What is the "scientific method"?
Essentially, the same thing as the "scholastic method"
Theory that all life can be studied
Faith-based method for evaluating phenomena in the natural world
Observation-based method for gathering information
10
Why was England the first country to industrialize?
Access to resources and markets from colonies and trade
Strong army
Natural resources like coal
Large pool of unemployed people
11
What are "natural rights"?
An idea created by Thomas Hobbes
Rights that do not come from a government or society
Normal bends in rivers and streams
Collected works of scientists
12
What is the "separation of powers" that Montesquieu envisioned?
Housing government officials in different buildings
Separation between military and political power
Distance between capitals
Distribution of power among branches of government
