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Unit 1 - Socialism Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 1 - Socialism
Unit 1 - Socialism
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#Socialism quiz
Flashcards
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Answers
1
What did c20th guild socialists advocate?
democratic centralism
committees, also known as soviets
state ownership of industry + dem. workers control
a general strike followed by trade unions running industry
2
Why do revolutionary socialists believe gradual change does not produce socialism?
political parties should build socialism instead
because of Keynesianism
capitalism is wonderful
ruling class & bourgeois values = deeply entrenched
3
What were/are key elements of social democracy?
social justice; dictatorship of the proletariat
mixed economy; Keynesianism; welfare + redistribution
Keynesianism; control over commanding heights + free market
mixed economy; Keynesianism; unemployment
4
For Marxists, what happens to the state under the capitalist system?
a tool of class equality
it withers away
it represents the power of the proletariat
an instrument of class rule
5
Why do socialists criticise private property?
because rich people worked hard to earn it
wealth is created through common endeavour + fair
encourages materialism + causes conflict between people
its good for owning your own home
6
As part of a belief in collectivism, Socialists are of the view that people are bound by...
fraternity
maternity
hatred of capitalist lackeys
serenity
7
What are two criticisms of collectivism?
none - it's all great
industrial relations - workers organised in trade unions
suppresses human individuality + arbitrary state power
dependency culture + promote individualism
8
What are the collectivist principles regarding industry and education?
key industries = state owned & private education
National health service + private education
key industries = state owned & state-run education
key industries = private & state-run education
9
What are the Socialist core values?
equality, workers control + hierarchy
equality, private property, collectivism + social class
Inequality, common ownership, collectivism + social class
equality, common ownership, collectivism + social class
10
How did Crosland justify equality?
comprehensive education + reduce welfare
injustice of rewarding talents and abilities + laissez faire
by having low govt spending + less higher education
ec. efficiency; need for social justice; communitarianism
11
Marxists are advocates of which type of equality?
equality of opportunity
equality of outcome
starvation rations
equality of welfare
12
Luxemburg was an advocate of...
a revolutionary vanguard party
democratic reform
evolutionary socialism
spontaneous mass strikes
13
The Webbs believed socialism would be achieved by the inevitability of...
gradualness
change
revolution
democracy
14
Why did Giddens feel that social democracy had to be modernised?
state intervention = ineffective & inefficient + love Maggie
impact of globalisation + knowledge ec & aspiration
recognition that capitalism was 100% superior
state = no longer necessary + impact of globalisation
15
Why do many socialists advocate social equality/equality of outcome?
ensures fairness, reinforces collectivism + satisfies wants
ensures fairness, reinforces collectivism + satisfies needs
ensures fairness, competition + wants
encourages conflict + competition
16
Which thinker advanced the first major revision of Marxism + said capitalism was resilient?
Thatcher
Lenin
Bernstein
Crossland
17
Which other main area does common humanity link to?
culture
competition
cooperation
individualism
18
What is Marx's conception of 'historical materialism'?
alienation
class consciousness is needed to overthrow oppressors
historical + social devpt explained by ec. + class factors
process of development produced by 2 opposing forces
19
How do social democrats generally perceive of class?
class conflict, not class consensus
income + status differences between manual & non-manual folk
deindustrialised
dictatorship of the proletariat
20
What are some major viewpoints of the Third Way?
community + moral responsibility; state ownership
primacy of market over state; social inclusion
a market state + collectivisation
social model based on consensus + syndicalism
21
Why do people reject the socialist emphasis on equality?
stifles individuality + very fair
unjust, lowers motivation, restricts liberty
it turns absolutely everyone into slavish automatons
it's a wonderful idea with no flaws
22
Social democrats call for limited state intervention to achieve relative equality through...
killing the rich in a violent, bloody revolution
reductions in welfare , govt spending + progressive tax
welfare measures, govt spending + progressive tax
welfare measures, govt spending + regressive tax
