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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
80 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Nuclear Fusion
Insolation
Conduction
Radioactive decay
2
Which is an example of point source pollution?
factory smokestack
acid rain
land development
polluted runoff
3
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Kepler's Laws
Galileo's Laws
Hubble's Law
Copernicus' Laws
4
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
the same temperature
solid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
liquid
5
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
tsunamis
new crust
ridges
6
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
7
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Block
Reverse
Normal
Transform
8
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
9
Use the diagram to answer the question
S waves cannot travel through liquid
P waves travel through liquids only
P waves can't travel through solids
S waves travel through solids and liquids
10
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
convection zones
prominences
sunspots
solar flares
11
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
12
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing transpiration
increasing erosion
decreasing oxygen production
increasing soil formation
13
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
gamma rays
CFCs
infrared radiation (heat)
visible light
14
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
rates of weathering
speciation
biodiversity
greenhouse effect
15
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
nutation
precession
rotation
barycenter
16
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
17
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
oblate
elliptical
random revolution
spheriod
18
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Copernicus Effect
Kepler's Laws
Hubble's Law
Doppler Effect
19
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
20
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
nutation
barycenter
radiation
precession
21
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the loss of water resources in estuaries
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
22
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Greenhouse Gases
industrial runoff into a stream
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
23
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
vehicle exhaust
aerosols
burning compost
coal-fired power plants
24
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/hour
1 rotation/day
25
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
natural gas
coal
biofuels
oil
26
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
speed of Earth's rotation
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
Speed of Earth's revolution
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
27
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Tides
Days and nights
A year
Spring and Fall
28
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
gentle slopes
shallow rivers
steep slopes
water
29
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
protostar
main sequence star
red giant
white dwarf
30
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
mid-ocean ridge
volcanoes
volcanic island arc
trench
31
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
a subduction trench
mid-ocean ridge
abyssal plain
continental shelf
32
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the rotation of Earth on its axis
nutation
the barycenter of the Sun
the tilt of Earth’s axis
33
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oS, 65oE
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oE
21oN, 65oW
34
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
industrial power plants
reforestation
hydroelectric plants
nuclear power plants
35
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
36
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
37
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Boundary
Trench
Focus
Epicenter
38
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
solidification in the lithosphere
density differences in the troposphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
39
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
argon (Ar)
oxygen (O2)
nitrogen (N2)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
40
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Compression
Sinking Air
Warming
Rising Air
41
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
building artificial levees
recycling bottled-water containers
reducing water consumption
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
42
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
tsunamis
hotspots
new crust
ridges
43
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
topography
relief
contour interval
elevation
44
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
45
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
A storm is approaching.
Humidity is decreasing.
Temperature is increasing.
Skies are clearing.
46
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Quantum Physics
Big Bang Theory
String Theory
Theory of relativity
47
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
hunting
deforestation
protecting endangered species
air pollution
48
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
outer core
rigid mantle
asthenosphere
inner core
49
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
50
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
C
B
D
A
51
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
acid rain
geysers
earthquakes
tsunamis
52
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
The moon is larger than the sun
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
53
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
mesosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
thermosphere
54
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
55
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
a geyser
a spring
a well
an aquifer
56
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
UV
Radio
Infrared
X-rays
57
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
The moon does not rotate on its axis
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
58
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
59
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear disaster
nuclear fusion
nuclear cessation
nuclear fission
60
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
constant variable
independent variable
control variable
dependent variable
61
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Equator
Great Circle
Prime Meridian
Longitudinal Maximum
62
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
wind
gravity
ice
water
63
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
It is cheap, and reliable
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
Lower air pollution
It can reduce erosion
64
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
lava
rock
volcanic ash
magma
65
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
drinking water treatment
nuclear water treatment
wastewater treatment
rainwater treatment
66
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
the Moon's revolution
Earth's revolution
Earth's rotation
Sun's rotation
67
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
A
O
C
B
68
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It is a short-term solution.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
69
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
70
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
71
Our solar system is considered to be
planetocentric (planet in the center)
one of the biggest in the universe
socially awkward like Mrs. G
heliocentric (sun in the center)
72
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the epicenter of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
the magnitude of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
73
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
74
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Rate
Gradient
Density
Specific Gravity
75
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
wind
hydroelectric
solar
biofuel
76
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
traditional farming
sustainable farming
using pesticides
burning fossils fuels
77
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
78
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Ice Melts
Wind Forms
Evaporation Increases
Water Condenses
79
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
ocean currents
tidal patterns
a constant sea level
rising sea levels
80
What is the source of energy for the sun?
burning of solar gasses
hydrogen fusion
nuclear fission of metals
internal combustion