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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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An extremely difficult quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
The need for a representative sample
Concerns over validity
Sampling error
Many confounding variables
2
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The number of participants involved.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The time span of the study.
3
All schizophrenics suffer from...
Multiple personalities
Compulsions
Hallucinations
Depression
4
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
5
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
6
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which pain messages are perceived.
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
7
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Identity
Career
Autonomy
8
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
9
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
6
5
4.5
5.5
10
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
11
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Delusions
Obsessions
Hallucinations
Compulsions
12
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Fixed Ratio
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
13
Which of the following is the best example of a stereotype?
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
Rios gives so much homework that students want to hurt her
Sally dates only super hairy guys with dark beards.
Ginny thinks all Latinos are great dancers!
14
Bipolar is most likely to be treated with...?
Haloperidol
Prozac
Valium
Lithium
15
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Transference
ECT
Systematic desensitization
Somatic therapy
16
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Past conditioning
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Biological processes
Individual choice
17
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Cognitive
18
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
19
On a second date, Meg tells Frank that she secretly loves to watch Rugrats. This is called...?
Deindividuation
Open communication
In-group bias
Self-disclosure
20
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
High grades
Chocolate cake
Money
Applause
21
Which statement about bulimia is true?
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
22
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Aptitude test
Intelligence test
Achievement test
Standardized test
23
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Constructive Memory
Recovered Memory
Selective Attention
24
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
25
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin
26
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Sublimation
Rationalization
Denial
27
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
28
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
II and III
II Only
I and II
I, II, and III
29
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Inferential
Introspection
Structuralism
Naturalistic observation
30
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Variable Interval
Continuous
Variable Ratio
Fixed Interval
31
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It yields consistent results.
It is given in the same way every time.
It is also valid.
32
All of the following people are known for their theories of intelligences, EXCEPT...?
Thurstone
Flynn
Gardner
Guilford
33
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
34
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Openness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Honesty
35
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
36
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Appropriate for only female patients.
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Unscientific and unverifiable
Too applicable for research settings.
37
Who is credited with creating "client-centered" therapy?
Carl Rogers
Aaron Beck
Fritz Perls
Albert Ellis
38
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 1
REM Sleep
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
Stage 4
39
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Structuralist
Psychoanalytic
Behaviorist
Biopsychologist
40
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A positive self-concept.
A strong libido.
A belief in luck.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
41
The cochlea is responsible for...
Protecting the surface of the eye.
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
42
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Authoritarian
Secure
Avoidant
Authoritative
43
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Self-esteem
Reading ability
Motor development
44
Which approach toward personality is the least deterministic?
Psychoanalytic
Biological
Humanistic
Behaviorist
45
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
Conventional
Pre-operational
46
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
47
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Mixed
Eclectic
Open-minded
Flexible
48
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Normal
A straight line
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
49
Which of the following is an antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia?
Clozapine
Supercalafragalisticspialidocious
Flouoxetine (Prozac)
Diazopoxide
50
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
51
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Abstract reasoning
Syllogistic
Formal operations
Operational
52
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Social-cultural
Humanist
Eclectic
Functionalist
53
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
Our adaptability to different problems.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
54
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
55
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
Occur only after stressful events.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
56
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Thorazine
Serotonin
57
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
Endorphins
Serotonin
Adrenaline
58
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
59
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
The unconscious mind
Structuralism
Gestalt Theory
Behaviorism
60
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CR
UR
CS
US
61
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Less reported stress.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
Increased arousal.
62
Which method of therapy is most eclectic?
Client-centered
Token economy
Psychodynamic
Psychoanalytic
63
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Producing speech
Spatial reasoning
Abstract reasoning
Control of the left hand
64
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Musical
Linguistic
Spatial
Practical
65
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
66
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
Ivan Pavlov
67
In the Milgram studies, the dependent variable was the....
The specific instructions given by the experimenter.
The location of the learner.
The highest level of shock administered.
The number of people in the group.
68
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Hysteria
Memory loss
Tardive dyskinesia
Hallucinations
69
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Panic Disorder
Zoophobia
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Conversion Disorder
70
Weber's Law determines...
Amplitude of sound waves
Absolute threshold
Level of subliminal messages
Just-noticeable difference
71
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
72
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Endorphins
GABA
73
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
PET and EEG
MRI and CAT
CAT and EKG
EKG and CAT
74
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
75
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
76
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Convergence
Interposition
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
77
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
78
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
79
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
Original research in this area is difficult.
80
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Primary satisfaction
Homeostasis
Equilibrium
Self-actualization
81
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Subconscious level
Unconscious level
Autonomic level
Nonconscious level
82
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
83
According to the L.A.D theory, language is acquired...
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
Using an inborn brain wiring to learn language.
84
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
The on/off switch on a computer.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
The ignition switch on a car.
