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Respiratory Review
Respiratory Review
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1
Popping lung sounds that are caused by atelectasis?
Coarse Rales
Bronchovesicular
Fine Crackles
Wheeze
2
25-yr old female pt w/pneumonia is prescribed Cefdinir. What is most important to assess?
Are you allergic to Penicillin?
Do you have a history of yeast infections?
Are you allergic to dust?
Do you have a history of diabetes?
3
The nurse knows an important intervention for pneumonia is to
Encourage routine activity levels
Provide small frequent meals
Decrease fluid intake
Place patient supine in bed to promote coughing
4
Cause of respiratory acidosis
Peritonitis
Hypomagnesemia
Anxiety
Pneumothorax
5
Nursing priority while monitoring someone using albuterol
Heart Rate
Pulse
Constipation
Respiratory Rate
6
When teaching a family to accomplish asthma management, the nurse emphasizes:
Advising medication before exercise is inappropriate
Educate the family and child to avoid allergens
Encouraging home schooling to avoid infections
Explaining that status asthmaticus can develop gradually
7
Pt is in the ER for status asthmaticus . She is receiving continuous albuterol. Next med likely to be?
Methylprednisolone
Montelukast
Dornase alpha
Fluticasone
8
What nursing intervention should the nurse educate the pt on regarding the use of Budesonides?
Monitor serum therapeutic range levels
Rinse mouth out after inhaling
Do not operate heavy machinery
Do not crush or break sustained released capsules
9
Which lab test measures level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
Sweat test
ABG
Pulmonary angiography
PFT
10
How many liters of oxygen should you use with this?
1-3L
6-10L
1-6L
1-10L
11
A child has a chronic, nonproductive cough & diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase. What's priority intervention?
Prepare to administer a bronchodilator
Give ordered antibiotics on time
Assess the airway for a foreign body
Provide oxygen via face tent
12
A patient has thick secretions. What independent nursing action can you carry out?
Encourage patient to drink water
Prepare for intubation
Put the patient on best rest
Administer Breathing Treatments
13
The purpose of postural drainage is to
Decrease work of breathing
Relieve upper respiratory tract oedema
Drain pulmonary secretions by means of gravity.
Slow down respiratory rate
14
A fluoroquinolone such as ciprofloxacin might be indicated for:
Cellulitis
Strep pharyngitis
Pyelonephritis
Otitis media
15
With moderate/severe COPD, their ABG will typically show _____ during an exacerbation
Respiratory Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
16
A majority of upper respiratory infections are caused by:
viruses
streptococcus pneumoniae
haemophilus influenza
moraxella cattharalis
17
What is the indication for the use of a antihistamine?
Body pain
Stomach virus
Allergies
Fever
18
Which of the following statements regarding the use of antibiotics is false?
Antibiotics should only be taken when needed
Some patients may develop adverse reactions to antibiotics
Antibiotic treatment should be stopped after symptoms recede
Antibiotics should be taken exactly as prescribed
19
Do you need to turn your dry cough into a productive cough? Take this expectorant:
Mucomyst
Loratidine
Albuterol
Guaifenesin
20
Which is not a fluoroquinolone?
Levofloxacin
Coronafloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
21
To prevent post op atelectasis, you should?
Instruct Splinting when cough/deep resp
Administer antibiotics
Reposition Q 2H
Encourage incentive spirometry Q 2H
22
Which statement regarding rhinitis and the elderly patient is true?
Complementary and alternative therapies are ineffective in the older adult
Viral rhinos is self-limiting and comfort measures are not necessary
Antipyretics and antibiotics are not used b/c of risk of allergic reaction
Antihistamines and decongestants should be used with caution
23
The nurse knows the purpose of a sputum test is to identify what?
Tenacious secretions
Determine most effective tx for infection
Identify infectious organism
See if the color is correct
24
Prevention of atelectasis can be accomplished by what nursing measure?
Hydrate with lots of fluids
Turn-Cough and deep breathe, early ambulation
Resting quietly in bed
Instruct patient on the Peak flow meter use
25
A doctor orders chest physiotherapy with percussion and vibration for a patient.
"It helps clear the airways of excessive secretions"
"It eliminates the need to cough"
"It limits the production of bronchial mucus"
"It promotes the flow of secretions to the base of the lungs"
26
What is the primary effect of decongestants?
Temporary reduction of swelling in nasal passages
Increased nasal drainage
Increased coughing
Temporary swelling of the nasal passage mucous membrane
27
The CDC recommends giving pneumonia vaccines to the following
All adults over 65
Adults with diabetes, cancer, and HIV
Adults with chronic liver, lung, and heart disease
All of the above
28
Which patient with COPD would the nurse assess first?
A 74-year-old with a chronic cough and thick, tenacious secretions
A 52-year-old in a tripod position using accessory muscles to breathe
A 68-year-old who has dependent edema and clubbed fingers
A 46-year-old with a 30-pack-year history of smoking
29
Which condition is a result of the upper airways response to pollen, mold, or dust.
Allergic rhinitis
Atelectasis
Cystic fibrosis
Acute respiratory distress
30
How many liters are required for a non-rebreather mask?
15-20 L
6-20 L
6-15 L
10-15 L
31
A client is taking albuterol per nebulizer for wheezing, which reaction do you watch for?
Diarrhea
Drowsiness
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
32
Which patient would be at the highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
36 year old alcoholic, recovering from a gastric ulcer
21 year old male with a hemophilia bleeding disorder
28 year old woman who had a baby 6 months earlier
72 year old, recovering from hip replacement surgery
33
Respiratory acidosis is caused by...
Hyperventilation
Increased carbon monoxide levels
Increased carbon dioxide levels
Respiratory alkalosis
34
Which of the following is an antibiotic used to treat bronchitis?
Codiene
Albuterol
Ampicillin
Dextromethorphan
35
Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.26, PCO2 50, HCO3 26
Respiratory Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
36
The nurse knows which of the following medications is a fluoroquinolone?
Azithromycin
Amoxicillin
Levofloxacin
Gentamicin
37
Pt to have PFT. What info does RN include in history so results can be appropriately determined
Age, gender, race, height, weight, smoking status
History of chronic medical conditions and surgical procedures
Medication history and history of allergies to contrast media
Occupational status, activity tolerance for ADL's,
38
The nurse knows which diagnostic test is most accurate representation of the pt's respiratory system?
Chest x-ray
Pulse oximetry
Arterial blood gases
Pulmonary function test
39
Which suffix is typically used for antibiotics?
-mide
-sone
-mycin
-pril
40
Which is a symptom of COPD?
Blurred vision
Loss of smell
Lower back pain
Ongoing cough that produces mucus
41
Correct drug for antitussive. Select all that apply.
Oxycodone
Guaifenesin
Codeine
Dextromethorphan
42
You are only allowed to do ONE diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism, which would you pick?
ECG
CT
D-dimer
Xray
43
Antitussives are given to stop coughing. Which is an example of an non-opioid antitussive
Codeine
Dextromethorphan
Amoxicillin
Albuterol
44
What is the first intervention to alleviate the airflow obstruction during a 10-yr old's asthma attack.
Treat with a peak flow meter
Give corticosteroids by metered dose inhaler
Give a bronchodilator
Encourage use of an incentive spirometer
45
Post thoracentesis nursing interventions include
monitoring for blood in sputum
monitoring puncture site
all of the above
monitor for SOB
46
A pulmonary embolism causes chest pain, difficulty breathing, and
Is life threatening
Is not serious
Requires removal of the lung
Is treated with bed rest
47
Which finding is a sign of respiratory distress in a newborn?
Nasal flaring
Fine crackles during auscultation
Hyperresonance during percussion
Respiratory rate of 35
48
Prevention of atelectasis can be accomplished by what nursing measure?
Hydrate with lots of fluids
Resting quietly in bed
Turn-Cough and deep breathe, early ambulation
Instruct patient on the Peak flow meter use
49
What testing can evaluate and diagnose progression of COPD?
Chest Xray
Sputum testing
Blood laboratory testing
Pulmonary function testing
50
Which device delivers more oxygen?
Non-rebreather Mask
Nasal Cannula
A partial Non-rebreather Mask
Pulse Oximetry
51
The nurse documents that a prescribed expectorant has been effective for a client. What did the nurse evaluate?
Presence of a productive cough
Audible wheeze upon auscultation
Respiratory rate 24 and labored
High-pitched cough present
52
Why are blood cultures drawn prior to giving antibiotic therapy?
Will alter vital signs
Computed tomography of lungs
Antibiotics may not be needed
Meds would inhibit bacterial growth, preventing ID of causative agent
53
What adventitious lung sound is caused by secretions in large airways and usually cleared with coughing?
Pleural friction rub
Rales
Rhonchi
Wheezes
54
Assessment reveals expiratory wheeze on auscultation, rapid onset, difficult expiration chest is tight O2 down
CHF
Stridor
Asthma
Bronchitis
55
Which of the following treatments is among the recommended treatments for acute viral rhinitis?
Vitamin D, 1 000 IU PO daily
Cefaclor 500 mg PO Q8H
Rest, fluids, and proper diet
Broad spectrum antibiotics
56
The preferred route of administration of bronchodilator drugs for PTs with COPD is by
intravenous injection
inhalation
mouth
intramuscular injection
57
Name this ABG pH = 7.34, HCO3 = 30, CO2 = 52
Partially Compensated Respiratory Acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Compensated Metabolic Acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis
58
All of the following help prevent atelectasis except:
Coughing and splinting
Incentive spirometry
Pneumatic compression devices
Cough and deep breathing
59
Which is a serious adverse effect of decongestants?
Facial flushing
Hypotension
Orbital edema
Hypertension
60
Which of the following is a warning sign of acute respiratory distress?
A respiratory rate of 14 breaths per minute
An oxygen saturation recording of 93% while the patient is breathing normal
A blue tinge to the mouth and lips
The patient telling you in long sentences they are short of breath
61
When Pt on respiratory isolation must be transported, the RN must
Advise other health care team members to wear masks& gowns
Place a mask on the pt before leaving the room
Instruct pt to cover his mouth with tissue when sneezing
Get an order to prohibit pt from transport
62
Client receives Gentamicin IV, what is the priority nursing action?
Place client of isolation precautions
Decrease fluid for clients during therapy
Monitor client for hearing loss
Draw daily blood chemistries
63
The common cold is caused by which organisms?
Gram + bacteria
Fungi
Gram - bacteria
Viruses
64
Which of Mrs Jones symptoms suggest she may have pneumonia
Hypotension, pain 4/10, fatigue
Diminished breath sounds, tachycardia
Clear lung sounds, Elevated temperature
Cough, fever, purulent sputum, coarse crackles
65
#1 nursing intervention for patients with Rhinitis?
Rest & Fluids
Ingest hot foods
Encourage coughing
Increase activity
66
Patients who are allergic to Penicillins can also have cross allergic to which antibiotics?
Tetrecyclines
Fluoroquinolones
Macrolides
Cephalosporins
67
What is a risk or a complication of thoracentesis?
Atelectasis
Pulmonary embolism
Pneumothorax
Ascites
68
A child has a chronic, nonproductive cough & diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase. What's priority intervention?
Prepare to administer a bronchodilator
Assess the airway for a foreign body
Provide oxygen via face tent
Give ordered antibiotics on time
69
How is a pulmonary embolism diagnosed?
CT scan
Chest x-ray
D-dimer
Pulmonary angiogram
70
Atelectasis is suspected with a patient receiving oxygen and a finding of:
Wheezing
A wet cough
Moist mucus membranes
Crackles and decreased breath sounds
71
What is a common ABG finding with COPD?
Decreased HCO3
Elevated PaCO2
Elevated PaO2
Decreased PaCO2
72
Which result should the nurse expect from a PFT of a COPD patient?
FEV1/FVC ratio is lower than normal rate
FEV1/FVC ratio is higher than normal rate
PFT is not used in COPD
FEV1/FVC ratio is normal
73
What is Afrin?
Antitussive
Glucocorticoid
Expectorant
Nasal Decongestant
74
Nursing care following a bronchoscopy includes all of the following except
Monitoring respiratory status
Keeping patient NPO until they wake up
Putting patient in semi-Fowler's position
Monitoring level of consciousness
75
Antitussive are most commonly administered for
Induce coughing
Treating anaphylaxis
Treat infection related to bronchitis
Cough suppressant
76
A nursing intervention that promotes effective circulation includes:
offering the influenza vaccine
Providing information and support for smoking cessation
administering vasodilators
assisting with intubation
77
The nurse knows which of the following are examples of bronchodilators? (SATA)
Naphazoline
Albuterol
Pirbuterol
Phenylephrine
78
Which ABG represents uncompensated respiratory acidosis? (pH/CO
2
/HCO
3
)
7.48/40/30
7.50/30/16
7.30/50/22
7.36/42/30
79
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism (PE). Which symptoms would the nurse observe?
Shallow respirations and wheezing
Kussmaul respirations and back pain
Dry cough and inspiratory crackles
Chest pain and shortness of breath
80
What is a contraindication to receiving a fluoroquinolone?
Over 65 years
Weight under 100 pounds
Allergy to Cipro
History of cancer
81
Signs and symptoms of acute viral rhinitis include all of the following except
Nonproductive cough
Possible fever
Sneezing
Nasal congestion & discharge
82
When drugs are prescribed for rhinitis and sinusitis, which type(s) of drugs would be included?
Mucolytics
Antihistamines
Antipyretics
Decongestants
83
What is the most common cause of a pulmonary embolism?
Sepsis
DVT
MI
Hypoxia
84
Which of the following ABG values indicates uncompensated metabolic alkalosis?
pH 7.48, PaCO2 34, HCO3 20
pH 7.48, PaCO2 46, HCO3 30
pH 7.48, PaCO2 42, HCO3 30
pH 7.48, PaCO2 34, HCO3 26
85
After receiving change of shift report, which pt will the RN assess first?
A pt with cystic fibrosis who has thick, green-colored sputum
A pt with septicemia who has intercostal and suprasternal retractions
A pt with pneumonia who has coarse crackles in both lung fields
A pt with emphysema who has an oxygen saturation of 91% to 92%
86
Most effective OTC Expectorant
Guaifenesin
Phenobarbital
Hydrocodone
Benzodiazepines
87
Which of the following are the most common symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
Tachycardia and anxiety
Diaphoresis and wheezes
Low pack pain and bradycardia
HA and nausea
88
Pneumonia
Bacterial infection in the lungs
Viral infection in the lungs
Inflammation in lungs caused by a bacteria or virus
Inflammation in airway caused by a bacteria or virus
89
The nurse is caring for several pt with respiratory disorders. Which dx test has the highest risk of complications?
Thoracentesis
Bronchoscopy
Computed tomography of lungs
Laryngoscopy
90
Functions of the respiratory system includes all except which of the following?
Gas exchange
Regulation of HCO3
Carbon Dioxide transport
Warms the air
91
An important nursing consideration with any anti-infective is?
Administering at Night to increase Hepatic Metabolism
Obtaining two Independent Checks
Completing the Full Ordered Course
Administering PRN
92
Identify the nursing action most appropriate for a patient with anxiety related to COPD
Teach patient how to effectively use pursed lip breathing
Titrate oxygen to keep saturation at least 90%
Suggest the use of over-the-counter sedative medications.
Discuss a high-protein, high-calorie diet with the patient.
93
Before a patient undergoes a bronchoscopy what should the nurse do? (
SATA)
Give patient sedative as ordered
Have patient be NPO 6-12hr before test
Obtain signed consent
Check for allergies, especially to contrast dye
94
An OTC antihistamine for allergies:
Diphenhydramine
Acetaminophen
Aspirin
Ibuprofen
95
What device would you use for a PFT?
Spirometer
Bronchodilator
Puff film test
Nebulizer
96
What diagnostic test must be obtained before antibiotics are started for pneumonia?
Lung biopsy
Sputum culture
V/Q scan
ABG's
97
What is this type of oxygen delivery device called?
Non-rebreather mask
Simple Mask
Nebulizer
Venti Mask
98
How many liters of oxygen should you use with this?
6-10L
10-15L
1-3L
1-6L
99
Which statement indicates appropriate understanding of the term 'atelectasis'?
'A complete collapse of the lung has occurred’
'The lung has partially collapsed’.
'Air sacs within the lung have collapsed’
'A lobe of the lung has collapsed’.
100
The nurse knows that two major types of COPD include:
PNEUMONITIS AND PNEUMONIA
EMPHYSEMA AND BRONCHITIS
EMPHYSEMA AND ARDS
BRONCHITIS AND ATELECTASIS
