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Biology End of Course Exam Review Test Prep Questions
Biology End of Course Exam Review Test Prep Questions
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This Quiz is comprehensive review of Biology concepts for and end of course exam.
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1
Which of the following is a Non Renewable resource
fresh water
wind
topsoil
coal
2
Which substance is needed to begin the process of glycolysis?
pyruvic acid
NADP
carbon dioxide
ATP
3
The movement of individuals into an area is called
immigration
emmigration
population density
population growth rate
4
All things being equal , thesis of a population will decrease if
immigration rate exceeds immigration rate
birthrate equals death rate
death rate exceeds birthrate
birthrate exceeds the death rate
5
In a chemical reaction, a reactant binds to an enzyme at region known as the
active site
substrate
catalyst
product
6
Nutrients move through an ecosystem in
enegy pyramid
water cycles
biogeochemical cycles
ecological pyramids
7
This biogeochemical cycle does NOT have a path through the atmosphere
water cycle
nitrogen cycle
phosphorous
carbon cycle
8
Chemical reactions that absorb energy
often occur spontaneously
are often explosive
always require catalysts
will not occur without a source of energy
9
A group of individuals that belong to a single species and that live together in a defined area
community
population
biome
ecosystem
10
The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are called
active sites
catalysts
products
reactants
11
In eukaryotic cells, MOST of cellular respiration takes place in the
cytoplasm
mitochondria
nuclei
cell wall
12
During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence TATGA?
ATACT
AGTAT
CACTA
TATGA
13
Which is the source of energy for Earth's living things?
wind energy and sunlight
sunlight only
sunlight and chemical energy
wind energy only
14
The movement of continents has played a significant role in evolution because
all mass extinctions are the result of continental drift
without the movement of continents, there would be no water
continents move rapidly and some organisms cannot adjust
the movement of continents can cause environmental change
15
All of the following are abiotic factors that affect global climate EXCEPT
longitude
solar energy
latitude
ocean currents
16
Which of the following would be sufficient to allow cellular respiration to take place?
glucose and carbon dioxide
oxygen and lactic acid
carbon dioxide and oxygen
glucose and oxygen
17
Pink flower crosses express 25% white, 25% red, and 50% pink . What is the inheritance pattern?
dominance
polygenic traits
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
18
Which of the following statements best describes human population growth
population density
The growth rate has remained constant over time
Growth continues to increase at the same rate
Growth rate has been exponential - last few hundred years
19
Which of the following is NOT shared by both ta horse and the grass it eats
movement from place to place (locomotion)
response to stimulus
stable internal environment
uses energy
20
An increase in the greenhouse effect causes an increase in
water
carbon dioxide
temperature
oxygen
21
Which process always involves the movement of materials from inside the cell to out of the cell
exocytosis
osmosis
phagocytosis
endocyctosis
22
The ability of an individual organism to survive & reproduce in a natural environment is called
fitness
evolution
natural selection
descent with modification
23
The nucleus includes all of the following EXCEPT
a nucleolus
DNA
a nuclear envelope
cytoplasm
24
The scientist (s) responsible for the discovery of bacterial transformation is (are)
Griffith
Avery
Watson and Crick
Franklin
25
Each of the following statements is used to define science EXCEPT
Science is knowledge gathered by scientists over the years.
Science includes the study of supernatural events
Science is a process
Science is a way of knowing
26
Given unlimited resources, absence of disease and predation, a population will likely show
extinction
logistic growth
endangerment
exponential growth
27
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
endocytosis
osmosis
28
A great deal of heat is required to raise the temperature of an amount of water because
has a high heat capacity
water readily forms solutions
acts as a buffer
water is an acid
29
Which of the following does NOT describe the structure of DNA?
nucleotide polymer
contains adenine-guanine pairs
double helix
sugar phosphate backbone
30
What are the physical, or non-living components of an ecosystem called
biotic factors
temperate conditions
antibiotic factors
abiotic factors
31
If a cell enters anaphase & not all chromosomes are spindle attached - lack of cell response to
internal regulators
apoptosis
growth factors
mitosis
32
What happens to the chromosome during meiosis?
It stays the same
It doubles
It halves
It becomes diploid
33
The total amount of living tissue at each trophic level in an ecosystem can be shown in a(n)
energy pyramid
biomass pyramids
biogeochemical cycle
pyramid of numbers
34
Lamarck's idea about evolution were wrong because he proposed that
species change over time
acquired characteristics can be inherited
species are adapted to their environments
species descend from other species
35
Which combination of particle and charge is correct?
electron: positively charged
proton: positively charged
electron: no charge
neutron: negatively charged
36
Which term describes a group of different species that live together in a defined area
community
a biosphere
an ecosystem
a population
37
Populations of anti-biotic resistant bacteria are a result of
temporal isololation
genetic drift
artificial selection
natural selection
38
The relationship between a tick and its host is an example of
mutualism
parasitism
succession
commensalism
39
Burning fossil fuels move carbon through the carbon cycle.What other processes also participate
chemical processes only
geochemical processes only
biological processes only
a combination of all these processes
40
The elements of compounds formed by chemical reactions are
the gases
the product
the solids
the reactants
41
All life on Earth exist in
an ecosystem
a biome
the biosphere
ecology
42
The maximum number of organisms of particular species that a habitat can support is called
exponential growth
population density
logistic growth
carrying capicity
43
Which of the following describes how ALL consumers get their energy?
from inorganic chemical like hydrogen sulfide
from eating organisms that are living or were once living
from eating primary producers
directly from the sun
44
An organism's interactions with biotic and abiotic factors of its environment is called its____
niche
lfiestyle
biome
habitat
45
How does RNA differ from RNA?
RNA contains uracil and ribose
RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
RNA contains adenine and ribose
RNA contains ribose and thymine
46
A the beginning of cell division,
centromeres
chromatids
centroiles
spindles
47
Carbon-14 is not useful for dating fossils because
it has a very long half life
most organisms contain more potassium than carbon
it has a relatively short half life
it is found only in certain rock layers
48
In which of the following are the Linnaean ranks in correct order?
genus, order, family
order, class. family
phylum, kingdom , species
kingdom , phylum, class
49
Examples of Qualitative data include
peoples descriptions of the fair's fireworks
how much lake water has lowered over the summer.
the amount of mold on an old slice of bread
the number of students with red hair
50
The first step in photosynthesis is the
production of oxygen
breakdown of carbon dioxide
synthesis of water
absorption of light energy
51
The two "backbones" of the DNA molecule consist of
thymines and sugar
phosphates and sugars
adenine and sugars
adenines and thymines
52
When two species compete for a niche, one species may die out as a result of _____
mutualism
commensalism
predation
competitive exclusion
53
Proteins are polymers form from
lipids
amino acids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
54
Alleles for the same trait are separate from each other during the process of
meiosis II
metaphase II
cytokinesis
meiosis I
55
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Linnaeus's system for naming organisms ?
two part name
name that identifies the organism's species identifier
mulitipart name describing severa ltraits
name that identifies the organisms genus
56
What is the probability of "B" blood type with a homozygous "A" blood type and heterozygous "A"
50%
75%
0%
100%
57
The scientific study of human populations is called
demography
demographic transition
emigration
immigration
58
Which substance is broken down during the process of glycolysis?
NAD+
pyruvic acid
glucose
carbon
59
In which of the following ways do isotopes of the same element differ?
in number of protons only
in numbers of neutrons and protons
in number of neutrons only
in number of neutrons and in mass
60
Which is NOT true about matter in the biosphere
Matter is recycled in the biosphere
The total amount of matter dec
Water and nutrients pass between organisms & the environment
Biogeochemical cycles transform and reuse molecules
61
Unlike sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction involves
one parent
one nonliving thing
two parents
two cells
62
The series of steps in which a large fish a small fish that has eaten algae
food web
pyramid of numbers
pyramid of biomass
food chain
63
Lyell's
Principles of Geology
influenced Darwin because it explained how
the surface of the earth changes over time
the Galapagos Islands formed
organisms change over time
adaptations occur
64
One example of a density-independent limiting factor is
parasitism
predation
competition
hurricanes
65
Primary producers are organisms that
obtain energy by only eating plants
use energy from the environment to make nutrients
rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
consume plant and animals remains and other dead matter
66
The expression of thousands of genes at one time can be followed using
restriction enzymes
DNA microarrays
plasmid transformation
polymerase reaction
67
Genetic markers allow scientists to
synthesize antibiotics
separate strands of DNA
clone animals
identify transformed cells
68
Ozone is made up of
chlorine
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
69
The following disorders is a direct result of non-disjunction?
Turner's syndrome
cystic fibrosis
sickle cell disease
Huntington's disease
70
The Tax Eukarya is a (n)
domain
kingdom
phylum
order
71
The human body can use all of the following as energy sources EXCEPT
glycolysis
ATP in muscles
lactic acid fermentation
alcoholic fermentation
72
DNA and RNA provide evidence of evolution because
Each RNA codon specifies just one amino acid
no two organisms have exactly the same DNA
Most organisms the same codons specify the same amino acid
all organisms have nearly identical DNA and RNA
73
Which of the following is used to construct a gene map?
rate of meiosis
recombination rate
chromosome number
mutation rate
74
Restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules
at random locations
into equal sized pieces
at short sequences specific to each type of enzyme
into individual nucleotides
75
Which of the following is NOT an example of a density- dependent limiting factor
natural disaster
predator
competition
disease
76
Which scientist formulated the theory of evolution through natural selection?
Jame Hutton
Thomas Malthus
Charles Darwin
Jean-Baptise Lamarck
77
Which of the following can affect the activity of enzymes
pH
temperature
all of these answers are correct
regulatory molecules
78
If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the same reaction in the other direction
also realeases energy
destroys energy
cannot occur
requires energy
79
Which of the following does NOT apply to a plasmid
made of DNA
has circular loops
found in bacterial cells
found in animals
80
Compared to Eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells contain
about 1000 times more DNA
twice a much DNA
about one thousandth as much DNA
the same amount of DNA
81
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by a
deletion of an amino acid from a chloride channel protein
trisomy of chromosome 21
defective gene found on the X chromosome
single base substitution in the gene for hemoglobin
82
Animal cells have all of the following EXCEPT
a cell membrane
chloroplasts
mitochondria
a nucleus
83
Which of the following is NOT one of Gregor Mendel's principles?
Crossing-over occurs during meiosis
Some forms of the gene may be dominant
The inheritance of characteristics is determined by factors
Alleles for different genes usually segregate independently
84
When you shake sugar and sand together in a test tube, you cause them to form a
compound
suspension
mixture
solution
85
The period between cell division is called
G phase
interphase
prophase
cytokinesis
86
Permafrost characterizes the biome called
taiga
boreal forest
savannna
tundra
87
In a typical plant, all of the following factors are necessary for photosynthesis EXCEPT
light
oxygen
chlorophyll
water
88
A birds wings are homologous to a (n)
alligator claws
a fish's tail fin
mosquito wings
a dog's front legs
89
The total variety of organisms in the biosphere is called
biodiversity
genetic diversity
species diversity
ecosystem diversity
90
In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA is tightly coiled around proteins called
DNA polymerase
nucleotides
histones
chromatin
91
In eukaryotes, functional messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are made from
introns spliced togehter after exons are removed
exons spliced together after introns are removed
exons spliced together with introns
long pieces of RNA shortened by the Dicer enzyme
92
Which of the following is a primary producer?
a producer , like algae
a carnivore, like a lion
an omnivore, like a human
a detrivore, like an earthworm
93
What regulates the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotes?
chromosomes
cyclins
94
Photosynthetic algae are MOST likely to be found in
the aphotic zone
ocean trenches
the open ocean benthic zone
the photic zone
95
Mutations and genetic recombination that occurs during sexual reproduction are both sources of
stabilizing selection
genetic equilibrium
genetic variation
genetic drift
96
Fire, hurricanes, and other natural disturbances can result in
commensalism
succession
parasistism
competition
97
Which of the following is NOT produced in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis ?
ATP
sugars
NADPH
hydrogen ions
98
Which of the following refers to when a populations birthrate equals death rate
carrying capacity
population density
limiting factor
exponential growth
99
Members of the kingdom "Protista" are classified into
three domains
two domains
three kingdoms
three species
100
A limiting that depends on population size called a
density-independent limiting factor
density-dependent limiting factor
predator-prey relationship
parasitic relationship
101
Genetically engineered crop plants can benefit farmers by
changing the genomes of other crop plants
reducing the amount of land that is required to grow them
increasing an animal's resistance to antibiotics
introducing chemicals into the environment
102
The color of light that is LEAST useful during photosynthesis is
green
red
violet
blue
103
The length of time that two taxa have been evolving separately can be estimated using
Hox genes
genetic drift
gene duplication
a molecular clock
104
To ensure that scientific work is free of bias, a research group's work is peer reviewed by
lawmakers
the researchers' friends
anonymous scientific experts
the general public
105
What happens if the rate of extinction in a clade is greater than the rate of speciation?
The clade will eventually become extinct
The number of species in the clade will stay the same
The clade will continue to exist
The species in the clade will become more varied
106
Organisms that
benthos
plankton
parasites
mangroves
107
In terms of scientific methodology , the purpose of an experiment is to
test a hypothesis
form a conclusion
form a hypothesis
prove a theory
108
Which statement is true regarding a cell's surface area-to volume- ratio?
Larger cells have a greater surface area -to -volume ratio
As size of a cell decreases, its volume increases
Smaller cells have a greater surface area-to-volume ratio
As the size of cell increase, its volume decreases
109
Which cell structures are sometimes found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
chloroplasts
nuclei
ribosomes
110
Which of the following does NOT provide evidence for evolution?
natural variation within a species
geographical distribution of living things
fossil record
homologous structures of living organisms
111
A population with roughly equal numbers in the different age groups can be predicted to
show slow and steady growth for some time into the future
fall slowly and steadily over many decades
grow little for a generation, and the grow rapidly
grow rapidly over a thirty year period and then stabilize
112
Which of the following statements about renewable resources is TRUE
They are replaceable by natural means
They can never be depleted
They are only found in tropical climates
They regenerate very slowly
113
What did Hershey and Chase's work show?
Genes are probably made of DNA
Genes are probably made of protein
Bacteria contain DNA but not protein
Viruses contain DNA, but not protein
114
Chemical bonds involving total transfer of electrons from atom or group of atoms to another
covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds
van der Waals bonds
115
In the six kingdom system of classifying living things, kingdoms with unicellular organisms are
Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista
Eubacteria only
Archaebacteria only
Eubacteria and "Protista" only
116
In which biome do organisms have the greatest tolerance of dry conditions?
tropical savanna
boreal forest
tundra
desert
117
DNA can be cut into shorter sequences by proteins known as
polymerases
restriction enzymes
hapolytes
restriction fragments
118
Which ratio did Mendel find in his F2 generation?
3:4
3:1
1:3:1
1:2
119
Which of the following correctly summarizes the process of photosynthesis
H2O + CO2 --light--> sugars + O2
H2O +O2--light--> sugars + CO2
sugars + CO2 --light--> H2O + O2
sugars + O2 --light--> H2O + CO2
120
In a food chain concentrations of harmful substances increase in higher trophic levels
biological magnification
pesticide resistance
biological succession
genetic drift
121
If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins , what is probably true?
Species A is older the species B
Species A is younger than Species B
Species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
Species A evolved independently of species B - long period
122
The water in an estuary is
salt water only
poor in nutrients
a mixture of fresh water and salt water
fresh water only
123
Polyploidy may instantly produce new types of organisms that are larger than diploids in
plants
fungi
bacteria
animals
124
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of asexual reproduction?
increases genetic diversity
produces large number of offspring
simple and efficient
requires one parent
125
Which of the following molecules is made up glycerol and fatty acids?
nucleic acids
lipids
starches
sugars
126
During the Krebs cycle
pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 -> series of reactions
hydrogen ions and oxygen form water
glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid
cell releases a small amount of energy thru fermentation
127
Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of deforestation?
habitat destruction
soil erosion
biological magnification
decreased productivity of the ecosystem
128
Which of the following is evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondria, chloroplasts contain DNA like bacterial DNA
Mitochondria and chloroplasts in the cell
Mitochondria & chloroplasts have similar functions in cell
Mitochondria and chloroplasts can live outside cells
129
The temperature on the Blue Campus at SFHS is usually cooler than Gold campus because of
the weather
the rainfall
the climate
of a microclimate
130
When two species reproduce at different times this is called
temporal isolation
temporal selection
lateral gene transfer
genetic drift
131
During cellular respiration, which of the following are released as byproducts
CO2 and O2
H2O and O2
CO2 and H2O
O2 and H20
132
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
absorbing energy
lowering the activation energy
raising the activation energy
releasing energy
133
Two or more different atoms are combined in definite proportions in any
compound
symboll
isotope
element
134
A farmer's use of the best livestock for breeding is an example of
adaptation
artificial selection
natural selection
extinction
135
Which of the following is NOT an organic molecule found in living organisms.
sodium chloride
protein
nucleic acid
lipid
136
The study of whole genomes, including genes and their functions is called
bioinformatics
life science
information science
genomics
137
Which of the following is an aerobic process ?
alcoholic fermentation
glycolysis
the Krebs cycle
lactic acid fermentation
138
A bird watcher write down notes on bird he or she sees, What aspect of scientific think is this
hyppthesis formation
observation
controlled experimentation
inference
139
The human brain is an example of a (n)
organ system
cell
organ
tissue
140
The demographic transition is considered complete when
the death rate begins to fall
the death rate is greater that the birthrate
the birthrate is greater than the death rate
population growth stops
141
The number of individuals of a sing species per unit area is known as
population growth rate
carrying capacity
logistic growth
population density
142
In the
lac
operon, the promoter is
a gene that codes for an individual protein
a DNA sequence near an operon that regulates transcription
a protein that binds with DNA and prevents transcription
a small molecule tha binds to a repressor protein
143
Which of the following is TRUE about totipotent cells
Totipotent cells differentiate to any type of cell tissue
Embryonic stem cells are totipotent cells
adult stem cells are totipotent cells
Totipotent cells are differentiated cells
144
During which phase of meiosis are 4 haploid daughter cells formed?
metaphase I
telophase II
anaphase I
telophase I
145
The principle pigment in plants is
oxygen
NADPH
ATP
chlorophyll
146
autotrophs differ from hetereotrophs because they
utilize oxygen to burn food
make their own food from carbon dioxide and water
make carbon dioxide as product of using food
do not require oxygen
147
Useful index fossils are found
over a large area for a long time
over a large area for a short time
in a small area for a short time
in small area for a long time
148
Which of the following statements about a scientific theory is NOT true
Sceintific theories tie many hypotheses together
It has the same meaning in science as it does in daily life
Helps to make accurate predictions about new situations
It is based on a large body of evidence
149
One meter is equal to
1 milimeter
1 milimeter
1000 milimeters
10 kilometera
150
All life on Earth exists in
a biome
an ecosystem
the biosphere
ecology
151
Which of the following conditions MOST likely result in changes in allele frequency?
absence of natural selection
small population size
no migrations out of a population
random mating
152
Scientific investigations typically begin with
making observations
forming a hypothesis
testing hypothesis
analyzing data
153
Ozone depletion in the atmosphere has been caused by
suburban sprawl
soil erosion
monoculture
CFCs ( s) (chlorofluorocarbons)
154
The first organisms to repopulate an are affected by a volcanic eruption are called
primary producers
climax species
pioneer species
keystone species
155
To separate DNA fragments from one another , scientists use
gel electrophoresis
restriction enzymes
polymerase chain reaction
DNA microarrays
156
The technique used to separate DNA strands of different lengths is
bioinformatics
gel electrophoresis
restriction enzyme digestion
shotgun sequencing
157
Which of the following disorders can be observed in a human karyotyp3
colorblindness
trisomy 21
sickle cell disease
cystic fibrosis
158
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
CGAUAU
GCUTUT
CGTATAT
GCUAUA
159
In a tropical forest, the dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall trees is called the
understory
canopy
taiga
niche
160
The factor that generally has the greatest effect on determining a region's climate is its
distance from the equator
abundant plant species
longitude
closeness to a river
161
When prokaryotic cells copy their DNA, replication begins a
dozens to hundreds of points along the molecule
two points on opposite ends of the DNA molecule
one point on the DNA molecule
opposite ends of the molecule
162
Nucleotides consist of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a
fatty acid
lipid
5-carbon sugar
6- carbon sugar
163
An important concept in Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is___
homologous molecules
processes that change the surface of Earth
tendency toward perfection
descent with modification
164
In a lizard population the smallest and largest lizards are likely to be fed on and results in
diretional selection
sexual selection
genetic drift
stabilizing selection
