What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?

New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations

How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?

To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states

How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?

Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade

Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?

The (North) American Revolution

How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?

The Americas were integrated into European empires

Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?

Song expansion of the Grand Canal

All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:

To set up settler colonies to control vast territories

What was the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by Ottoman Leaders in the 19th century?

to compete with European imperialism and industrialism

An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam

What is industrialization?

The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.

CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?

The decline of land-based empires and monarchs

Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?

Champa rice and silk production techniques

Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?

Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder

How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?

Serfdom labor on agricultural manors

How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?

Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans

What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?

Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox

How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?

Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased

What did the Young Turks advocate?

a secular more democratic Turkish nation

Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?

New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires

What was the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the 19th century?

A restructuring of the social structure eliminating social classes

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Questions 81

Answers

1
Which social groups witnessed a significant DECLINE in their power in the Early Modern Era?
The Merchants
Scholars and Clergy
The Nobility (Aristocrats)
Absolute Monarchs
2
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?
Africa isolated itself from exchanges
Migrations slowed across the Atlantic
New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations
Disease epidemics reduced populations
3
How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?
To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states
To spread Confucian ideals of filial piety
To provide citizenship benefits to its people.
To assimilate surrounding cultures
4
How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?
Deregulating trade to make markets free
Reducing taxes to encourage more trade volumes
Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade
Sponsoring joint-stock companies
5
Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?
The Haitian Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The French Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
6
What AP World Region is identified on this map in PURPLE?
West Africa
Middle East
Noth Africa
East Africa
7
Which forms of government were established in the United States, France, Haiti, and in Latin American nation-states?
Democratic Republics
Caliphates
Khanates
Communist Regimes
8
How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?
Migrations of peoples from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Eurasia became linked to Sub-Saharan Africa
Travelers moved from one side of Eurasia to another
The Americas were integrated into European empires
9
Which revolution became the only successful slave revolt in world history to est. a new nation-state?
The French Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
10
Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?
Expanding tax farming privileges to local nobles
Song expansion of the Grand Canal
Merchant construction of caravanserai
Hiring of privateers to raid rival shipping routes
11
All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:
To set up settler colonies to control vast territories
To build prestige for an explorer and their sponsoring kingdom
To locate a direct sea route to South and Eastern Asia for luxury markets
Desire to spread Christianity to new lands
12
Which expanding trade network is colored in RED on the map below?
The Mediterranean
The Indian Ocean Basin
The Trans-Saharan
The Silk Roads
13
These organizations were created by European merchants and nobles and were often given state monopolies to export goods
Joint-Stock Companies
Stock Markets
Limited Liability Corporations (LLCs)
Banking Houses
14
All of the following commercial practices increased the use of long-distance trade from 600-1450 CE EXCEPT:
Joint-stock companies
Banking Houses
Paper money and "flying cash" (checks)
Bills of exchange and credit
15
Which of the following revolutions led to the radical overthrow of an absolute monarch and a Reign of Terror?
The Latin American Revolutions
The (North) American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
16
What was the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by Ottoman Leaders in the 19th century?
To confirm the fundamentals of Islam
To clarify religious principles of a renewed Muslim state
to strengthen the Janissaries and more freedom to the Ulama
to compete with European imperialism and industrialism
17
What environmental knowledge and adaptations allowed for increased volumes of trade in the Indian Ocean?
Knowledge of Typhoons
Ocean currents in the Pacific
The Trade Winds of the Atlantic
The Monsoon Wind Patterns
18
What is a caliphate?
The principle of Islamic holy war
The collection of Islamic law codes
An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam
The religious authority of all Muslims
19
What does interregional mean?
From one side of a region to another.
From one region into another
Across the globe.
Within a single region.
20
All of the following technologies facilitated the growth of land-based networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
The Astrolabe
The compass
The saddle
Caravanserai
21
Footbinding in Song China, Veiling in the Dar-al-Islam, and Sati in Indian states are all examples of...
Intensifying patriarchy
Social Stratification
Social hierarchy
Emerging feminism
22
Extreme devotion to one's ethnic, cultural group to create new states/patriotism is called...
Nationalism
Imperialism
Patriotism
Colonization
23
What is industrialization?
The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.
The process of migrating into cities
The process of using coerced labor to improve public works
The process of using manual labor to cultivate cash-crops
24
Political ideals from the Enlightenment were reflected in all of these documents EXCEPT:
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Jamaica Letter
The Communist Manifesto
25
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?
The Globalization of Networks of Exhange
The rise of gunpowder-based land and maritime empires
The decline of land-based empires and monarchs
Increasing use of coerced systems of labor
26
Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?
Navigational and astronomical tools - telescope and astrolabe
Preservation of Greek and Roman texts
Algebra and Arabic Numerals
Champa rice and silk production techniques
27
What economic theory accepted by European powers from 1450-1750, led to increased restrictions on trade and rivalries?
Mercantilism
Communism
Socialism
Capitalism
28
Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?
Genghis khan had millions of descendents
Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder
Building an empires from tribes of herders
Cavalry and siege tactics and technologies used
29
How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?
Large cash-crop plantations using slave labor
Mostly free peasant farmers
A craft and manufacturing based economy based on exports
Serfdom labor on agricultural manors
30
What AP World Region is identified on this map in YELLOW?
Southeast Asia
East Asia
Middle East
South Asia
31
Which of the following is an example of economic imperialism?
the Scramble for Africa
the Russo-Japanese War
the Opium Wars
the Boxer Rebellion
32
How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?
Sent their over transoceanic voyages to the Americas
Waged direct wars against European empires
Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans
Invested in developing more advanced gunpowder techs.
33
Which land-based empire in RED on the map coerced Christian minorities to become elite soldiers known as janissaries?
The Ottoman Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empuire
The Russian Empire
The Mughal Empire
34
All of the following social reform movements were inspired by Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT:
Cult of Domesticity Movement
Abolition Movement
Early Feminist Movement
Universal Manhood Suffrage Movement
35
The image below is an example of what practice, used to legitimize the rule of a monarch?
Mandate of Heaven
Divine Right of Kings
Tributary Systems
Feudal Obligations
36
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?
Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox
Population explosion due to new crops
Increasing sizes of families
Migration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa
37
What goods were exported from WEST AFRICA along the Trans-Saharan network?
Wine, olives, wool textiles
Glassware, incense, dyes, rugs
Gold, salt, slaves
Ivory, animal skins, exotic woods
38
What AP World Region is identified on this map in ORANGE?
South America
North America
Mesoamerica
Latin America
39
The casta system created a new group of elites known as _________ that used racial ideologies to cement their power.
Creoles
Peninsulares
Mulattoes
Mestizos
40
Which of the following is an example of a maritime empire being challenged by local populations in the Early Modern Era?
The Pueblo Revolt
The Taiping Rebellion
Cossack Revolts/ Pugachev Rebellion
The Sepoy Revolt
41
How did the Mongol Empire (and other states) promote interregional trade and travel?
All of the above
Issued currencies and taxed/regulated trade
Maintained infrastructure (roads, walls, bridges, canals)
Protected merchants and travelers
42
Which of the following states incorporated a more elaborate centralization through the use of a scholar-bureaucracy?
Kingdom of France
Song Empire
Delhi Sultanate
Maya City-States
43
How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?
Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased
Europeans quickly colonized these regions
Europeans refused to deal with African states
African states united to repel Europeans
44
What did the Young Turks advocate?
A renewed interest conquest of Christian countries
A renewed war against the west
a secular more democratic Turkish nation
A strengthening of the Ottoman empire based on sharia law
45
Which of the following is an example of resistance to imperialism in the 19th century?
Apartheid
Sepoy Mutiny
Social Darwinism
the Taiping Rebellion
46
All of the following factors contributed to industrialization in the late 1700s EXCEPT:
Accumulation of capital investment
Availability of a labor force
A large population
Access to raw material such as coal, timber, iron
47
Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?
Empires fell and taxes were not charged as often
The Black Death pandemic ended
A massive population boom caused by new agricultural methods
New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires
48
Which group benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution?
Working Class
Women
Aristocracy
Middle Class
49
The biological transfer of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the...
The Triangular Trade Network
The Columbian Exchange
The Atlantic Circuit
The Great Dying
50
How did families and gender roles change in response to the Atlantic Slave Trade from c. 1450-1750?
Polygamy increased in Africa
Slave families grew larger in the Americas
More females were exported to the Americas
Patriarchy was challenged in Africa
51
What was the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the 19th century?
The rejection of western influence in favor of Chinese beliefs
Further isolation of Japan after American contact
The fall of the Tokugawa and restoration of the emperor
A restructuring of the social structure eliminating social classes
52
Where were the bulk of European colonies located in the Early Modern Era?
Sub-Saharan Africa
Australia, SE Asia, and Oceania
The Americas
East and South Asia
53
How did the Aztec (Mexica) Empire use the tribute system to consolidate power in Mesoamerica?
To provide gifts to local leaders to ensure loyalty
To encourage migration into the Aztec Empire
To distribute food to outlying villages
To seize captives as slaves and offer them as sacrifices
54
Portuguese state investment by Prince Henry and others in navigation led to...
Portuguese discovery of Australia
A global trading-post empire
The discovery of a Northwest Passage to China
Colonization of the African interior
55
How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?
An empire was established from the wealth from trade
Epidemic diseases were introduced that weakened the region
Indian merchants introduced Buddhism and Hinduism
Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language
56
What played a more important role in distinguishing rulers from their colonial subjects?
Political Beliefs
Race
Slavery
Gender
57
What kinds of goods were primarily traded along the interregional exchange networks?
Manufactured Goods
Inferior Goods
Luxury Goods
Staple Goods
58
What years represent the MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1750-1900 CE
c.600-1450 CE
c.1450-1750 CE
c.1200-1450 CE
59
The market share of which of the following regions increases the greatest due to industrialization after 1750?
Middle East
China/ East Asia
India/ South Asia
W Europe and the US
60
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and spread c.1750 to 1900 CE?
Japan to the US and Western Europe
Britain to the US and Western Europe, then Japan
Western Europe to Japan, then Russia
Germany to Russia and then to the US
61
European Imperialism was driven by all of the following EXCEPT
New markets to sell manufactured goods
civilizing mission and the White Man's Burden
To recover territories lost in WW1
More natural resources to support growing industry
62
The centralization of production of goods organized by a highly specialized division of unskilled labor is called...
Guild Organizations
The Factory System
Craft Production
Trade Unions
63
Why did states and empires of the Post-Classical era increasingly sponsor specific religions?
To provide protection to minorities
To provide spiritual enrichment
To reduce religious conflicts
To unify diverse peoples and legitimize rule
64
What are the dates covered on the AP World: Modern Exam?
1200 CE to 2000 CE
Beginnings to c.2000 CE
600 CE to 2000 CE
600 BCE to 600 CE
65
The rapid diffusion of the Black Death in the 1300s reveals WHAT characteristic of the Post-Classical Era?
States were too small and decentralized to respond to the pandemic
Diseases diffused along well-integrated networks
Secular thinking became more popular
Regions were isolated and influenced very little by trade
66
Which of the following faiths represented a syncretic blend of Islam and Hinduism?
Daoism
Sikhism
Sufism
Shintoism
67
Which region saw a golden age of rising economic and political influence in the Early Modern Era?
The Middle East
The Americas
East Asia
Western Europe
68
All of these were Land-Based Early Modern Empires that used gunpowder and absolutism to expand EXCEPT:
The Russian Empire
The Ottoman Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empire
The Portuguese Empire
69
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?
The Rise of Nationalism through Revolutions
Global Migrations Intensify
Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires
Industrialization of the Economy
70
How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?
To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.
To assimilate the bureaucracy into Confucian principles.
To defend China from nomadic invaders.
To train for and administer the civil service exams
71
As religious devotion grew, so did states using religious warfare to accomplish goals. Which is NOT a religious war?
The Great Schism
Jihad of Middle East and N. Africa
The Crusades
Reconquista of Spain
72
Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...
European conquest and colonization of the Americas
The decline of the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
Industrialization of Spain's economy
European control of the Indian Ocean Basin
73
Which state grew powerful from control and development of the Trans-Saharan network?
Kingdom of Ethiopia
Mali Empire
Mamluk Sultanate
Swahili City-States
74
Which of the following nation-states unified in the Modern Era from fragmented kingdoms and city-states?
Canada and Australia
Mexico and Argentina
Germany and Italy
Greece and Serbia
75
What was the main idea of the Enlightenment, that helped spark the Atlantic Revolutions of the Modern Era?
Human reason can solve problems
The Upper Classes should be abolished
Traditions should be protected
Monarchs have divine authority to rule
76
Colonial economies depended on coerced labor systems to operate mines and cash-crop plantations including all EXCEPT:
Convict Labor
The Encomienda/Hacienda
Indentured Servitude
The mita system
77
What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?
To house growing populations
To encourage cultural toleration
To display the power and permanence of the state
To improve the standard of living
78
All of the following were Enlightenment ideas EXCEPT:
Social Contract Theory
Protection of Natural Rights
Divine Right of Kings
Popular Sovereignty
79
Which diasporic community could be found in the Mediterranean and along the Indian Ocean?
The Indians and Malays
The Chinese
The Arabs
The Jews
80
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?
New forms of states were created - feudal, khanates, Islamic, etc.
The emergence and diffusion of Islam
Intensification of Interregional Exchanges
The first interregional empires were established.
81
Which of the following is a correct example of Imperialism outside of the U.S. and Europe?
Australia's expansion into New Zealand
Mexico's conquest of parts of Canada
Germeny's conquest of regions of Africa
Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea

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