AP Stats Vocab Review

The claim that we do not believe to be true that we are trying to find evidence against.

A graph that shows the relationship between two quantitative variables using dots.

__% of all such samples would produce a range of values that would capture the true value.

When randomly selected individuals cannot be contacted or refuse to participate.

An inactive (fake) treatment for which some subjects may actually respond.

A sample obtained by putting individuals into like-groups and randomly choosing some from each.

A number that describes some characteristic of a population.

The difference between an observed value and its predicted/expected value.

An individual that falls well outside the pattern of data.

A sample selected by taking individuals that were easy to reach.

The proportion of observations that are lower than a particular observation.

The (inaccurate) use of a regression line to estimate outside the range of the given data.

The distribution of a random variable with the number of trials set in advance.

When the design of a study would consistently give an over or underestimate of the true value.

A variable of description rather than value.

The distribution of total values for categorical variables on a one-way or two-way table.

A sampling distribution of at least 30 will be approx normal even if the population is not.

A variable of value rather than description.

A sample where each individual was randomly chosen and randomly assigned to a treatment.

The exact counts of a variable.

When only either the researchers or the subjects know which treatments were assigned to groups.

The middle number (resistant to outliers).

A graph of quantitative data with two clear peaks.

In experiments, when all variables except for the explanatory variable must be kept the same.

The number of standard deviations to be added/subtracted from the test statistic (z* or t*)

Making conclusions about a larger population based on sample data.

When a group of the population does not get accurate representation in a sample.

A study where researchers deliberately impose treatment on the individuals.

The range from Q1 to Q3.

The four evenly sized sections of a set of ordered data.

The entire group of individuals which we are interested in knowing something about.

The probability that an event does NOT happen.

Occurs when we reject the Null hypothesis when it was actually true.

A variable that takes on an infinite number of values.

The sum of the values of the observations divided by the number of observations.

A graph of the five-number summary.

A study that attempts to survey every individual of the population.

The variable that may predict the changes in another variable.

A variable that takes on a finite number of values (usually no decimals).

A range of plausible values for a parameter, based on a statistic.

Explains the linear relationship between two quantitative variables, from -1 to 1.

The distribution of a random variable of continuing trials until a certain number of successes.

The number of individuals that would be found in each category if the Null hypothesis is true.

A sample where each individual was randomly chosen from the population.

A fixed value used as a cutoff on what probability is or is not statistically significant.