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Chapter 9 Urban Development Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 9 Urban Development Exam Review
Chapter 9 Urban Development Exam Review
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1
Which is an example of how physical geography plays a urban density?
Apartments smaller than 900 square feet in Japan
Single-family homes with backyards in the U.S.
Clustered concentrations of economic activites in England
2
During the Industrial Rev, which of the following played a major role in the fortunes of cities?
population
agricultural support
finances
location
3
An example of an important physical site characteristic is a
Public Sports Facility
Major Central Park
Grid Street Pattern
Natural Harbor
4
The approach to development LEAST likely to result in sprawl is
leapfrog development
low-density single-use development
high-density multi-use development
strip mall development
5
The layout of a city, the physical form and structure, is referred to as
urban morphology
urban street pattern
urban grid
city plan
6
In Latin America ,which of the following does
NOT
accurately describe the typical CBD
main area of employment
an area of out-migration to the suburbs
primary business focus
entertainment center
7
In Tropical Africa, most countries remain under ? percent urbanized
40
30
10
20
8
Of the ten largest urban areas in the world, how many are in MDC's
1
4
2
10
9
In the Latin Am city, where are the homes of the most impoverished and unskilled residents?
immediately surrounding the city center
on the outermost zone or peripheral fringe
along the major access highways
in the city center
10
Which of the following is the best definition of an urban area?
A city and its surrounding suburbs
A group of several adjacent metropolitan areas forming a continuous region
A large area of land siuated on the outskirts of a city
An area with a high population density
11
Most African central cities actually have how many CBDs?
4
1
2
3
12
The most obvious of all the characteristics of the growing, peripheral-world megacities lies in:
the lack of refugees moving in
their environmental conditions
the rapid development of industry
the stark contrasts they display
13
Which of the following cities contains the best examples of central places with large hinterlands?
Atlanta, Denver, and Calgary
San Diego, Milwaukee, & New Haven
Baltimore, Ottawa, and Duluth
Las Vegas, Victoria, and Buffalo
14
In Southeast Asian cities the
alien commercial zone
is dominated by
Europeans.
Chinese.
Lebanese traders.
American corporations.
15
Which of the following is a principle of smart growth?
Protecting wildlife habitats
Focusing development outside of existing cities
Creating neighborhoods that require cars to get around
building up, not spreading out
16
Which factor had the greatest influenece on the location & growth of Chicago, IL?
Proximity to natural resources
Favorable climate
Rich agricultural soil
The advent of the railroad
17
Which invention(s) contributed most to urban sprawl?
The railroad
The telephone & telegraph
The internet
The automobile
18
Which of the following factors contributed to sprawl in the United States?
White Flight
cheap mortgages on new construction
All of these are correct
More affordable cars
19
The process where by an increasing percentage of people live in an urban area is known as
rank-size rule.
urbanization.
social heterogeneity.
demographic transition.
20
China has great cities, yet barely ? percent of Chinese citizens live in urban places
25
55
30
40
21
Urban sprawl increases carbon dioxide emissions by
generating more factories
increasing the need to drive
resulting in more tree growth
expanding the use of public transportation
22
By 2050, what percentage of the world’s population may live in urban places?
67
57
77
87
23
Compared to the United States, poor families in European cities are more likely to be
clustered in inner-city neighborhoods.
clustered in suburbs.
dispersed throughout the city
distributed uniformly in the city.
24
International company headquarters & significant global financial functions are characteristics of
World City
Entrepots
Edge City
Primate City
25
Which statement about sustainable cities is true?
they are only successful in the developed world
they often help encourage sprawl
no major cities have made significant progress toward sustainability yet
they can help improve the standard of living for residents
26
Which is both the least urbanized
and
the most rapidly urbanizing realm of the world?
SubSaharan Africa
East Asia
South Asia
Middle America
27
According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby
hospitals
industries
shops
resideneces
28
In recent years, urban residents are more likely to shop in
suburban malls.
downtown stores.
corner shops.
specialty boutiques.
29
The cities in the hearth of the Industrial Revolution in Europe went through a phase of:
foreign labor importation
specialization
uniformity
population loss
30
Which of the following is a criticism of New Urbanism?
It increases commute times
It reduces diverse transportation options
It creates negative environmental impacts
It results in de facto segregation
31
Which of the following is the best example of a galactic city?
Houston
London
Chicago
Detroit
32
The number of functions in a central place is dependent on all of these
EXCEPT
Size of the Market Area
Population of the Market Area
Total number of central places in the urban system
Population of the Central Places
33
Human communities did not start to grow into larger places until about __ years ago
15,000
8,000
5,000
10,000
34
A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through
Busing
Greenbelts
Zoning
Blockbusting
35
Historically, the growth of North American suburbs was most constrained by
High Land Values
Zoning Ordiances
Limited Transportation
Housing Shortages
36
In the world of the early 2000s, there are over __ cities with a population over 1 million.
500
450
300
400
37
In the development of urban land, which of the following is typically built on the most accessible sites?
Farm Markets
Industrial Parks
Rental Complexes/Apartments
Single Family Housing
38
According to Central Place Theory, which of the following has the highest threshold & range?
Supermarket
Hair Salon
Playground
Movie Theater
39
Compared to whites, African Americans in U.S. cities are more likely to be
dispersed throughout city
clustered in suburbs
clustered in inner-city neighborhoods
distributed uniformly in the city
40
New York’s Times Square is an example of giant media reshaping cities into
spaces of consumption.
planned communities.
entertainment districts.
theme parks.
41
Compared to the United Kingdom, the amount of sprawl in the United States is
About the Same
Greater
Less
Declining
42
The process of legally adding land area to a city in the United Statesis
annexation.
accreditation
an application of eminent domain.
zoning.
43
What major problem resulted from rapid urbanization in both San Jose, CA & Bengaluru, India?
High unemployment
A housing shortage
A decrease in the tax base
Air Pollution
44
In the early 2000s, the world’s urban population is approaching more than ? percent.
50
70
60
80
45
Which of the following countries is least urbanized?
Japan
China
USA
Australia
46
Ramshackle houses on the periphery of cities in LDC's are known as
public housing.
squattersettlements.
council estates.
the zone in transition.
47
Which term refers to the process of the development of dense concentrations of people into settlements?
Chain Migration
Urbanization
Globalization
Expansion Diffusion
48
Which of the following was
NOT
a reason for rapid suburbanization in the US after WW2?
Expansion of home construction
Expanded Interstate System
Mass production of cars
Reduction in long-distance commuting
49
In US cities, the underclass is
distributed uniformly in the city
dispersed throughout the city
clustered in suburbs
clustered in inner-city neighborhoods
50
Which of the following is intended to increase residential densities and reduce commutes?
Slow-Growth Cities
Smart-Growth Initiatives
Mixed-Use Development
Regional Planning
51
Higher income people tend to live near the center of the city in all of these
EXCEPT
Africa
South Asia
Latin America
North America
52
The process of legally adding land area to a city in the US is
Annexation
Defined by urbanized area
Zoning
Accreditation
53
According to Louis Wirth, urban areas are more likely than rural areas to have
All the Above
higher density
larger size.
more heterogeneity.
54
In the USA, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area?
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Urbanized Area
CBD
Central CIty
55
Today, the greatest number of urban dwellers is found in
South America
Europe
North America
Asia
56
Which of the following types of urban land use is most common on the periphery of cities in Latin Am?
Rail Transportation
Plaza surrounded by the CBD
Favelas/Squatter Settlements
Upper-Class Residential
57
Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that
the people are more alike than in rural settlements.
you may feel lonelyand isolated in a crowd.
you play a specialized role in the urban economy.
you compete for limited space.
58
A process by which real estate agents convince white owners to sell their houses is
Genterification
Filtering
Blockbusting
Redlining
59
U.S. central cities face fiscal problems because
middle-class families are attracted there.
low-income people are concentrated there
redlining is no longer legal.
federal and state funds are available.
60
According to Central Place Theory, which of the following would have the smallest range
Grocery Store
Pro Sports Stadium
A University
Concert Hall
61
Ethnic neighborhoods in European cities reflect migrantsfrom
Eastern Europe.
former colonies.
Latin America.
poor Mediterranean Europe.
62
The wide boulevards built in cities in LDC's were most likely built during what era?
independence
precolonial
postmodern
colonial
63
The growth of ethnic neighborhoods in _________ is less than in other European countries.
Belgium
France
Germany
the Netherlands
64
The multiple nuclei explains why different neighborhoods of a city attract people of different
marital status
ages
income
ethnic origin
65
Which factor influences a city's population density?
The wealth of the residents
The age of the city
the city's public transportation
The predominant type of housing
66
Which of the following is a characteristic of transportation-oriented development?
Discounted public transport
Limited commercial parking
Emission controlled automobiles
Accessible public transport
67
The world’s largest urban area at the start of the 21st century was:
São Paulo
Mumbai
Mexico City
Tokyo
68
A process of converting a neighborhood from low-income to middle-class is
Blockbusting
Gentricfication
Filtering
Redlining
69
Transportation systems, communication systems, water services, power supplies, schools, and hospitals are all examples
Rural Areas
Ecological Footprints
Infrastructure
Land Use
70
A hinterland reveals the ___ of each settlement.
Total Population
WOrking population
Economic Reach
Physical Layout
71
In the Latin American city, where are the homes of the most impoverished & unskilled residents?
on the outermost zone of peripheral fringe
immediately surrounding the city center
in the city center
along the major access highways
72
The very early developing agricultural societies were
divided according to amount of land possessed.
dominated by larger urban centers.
ruled by an elite.
egalitarian
73
The city that has long been the dominant city of the North American interior is
Chicago
St Louis
Omaha
Kansas City
74
Saving energy and other resources without sacrificing people's comfort is the goal of
Greenways
Green Building Design
Zoning
Urban Growth Boundaries
75
British cities are surrounded by open space known as
Public Housing
Greenbelts
Squatter Settlements
Sprawl
76
The city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs is the
Urbanized Area
central city.
Regional Gov't Federation
metropolitan statistical area.
77
In the urban hierarchy of things, a town may have outskirts while a city will have:
A well-defined city limits
Suburbs
Exurbs
fewer people
78
The important element of urbanization is an increase in the
number of people living in urban settlements.
all of the above
percentage of people living in urban settlements.
land area occupied by urban settlements.
79
The multiple-nuclei model of city structure tends to be most applicable to
Small Cities
Traditional Cities
Newer, Fast-Growing Cities
Cities with homogeneous Land Use
80
Gated communities have __________ as their chief objective.
safety
moderately priced housing
social integration
ample open space
81
Which of the following can be used to establish a slow-growth city?
A historical district
Diverse housing options
Bicycle Infrastructure
An urban growth boundary
82
The only city-state in the world that is 100 percent urban is:
Brunei
Kampuchea
Malaysia
Singapore
83
Which urban model would best describe a city that includes edge cities along its beltways?
Galactic City
Concentric Zone
Multiple Nuclei
Sector
84
The underclass is characterized in part by high rates of
Literacy
Fire Protection
Drug Addiction
Employment
85
Chicago is a good location in which to develop urban models because it is located
near other primate cities.
in the center of the country
at the end of the nation's transportation system.
on a flat prairie
86
Most Latin American cities are focused on a ____.
Government Housing Project
Central Plaza
Squatter Settlements
Heavy Industry
87
Process of change in the use of a house, from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment, is
Redlining
Filtering
Blockbusting
Gentrification
88
The area serviced by a central place is called a ____
Threshold
Sphere of Influence
Hinterland
Range
89
Segregation in the United States was reinforcedby the financial practice known as
redlining.
tax increment financing.
land use zoning.
community block grants.
90
Of the ten largest urban areas in the world, how many are in MDC's today?
2
7
10
1
91
Public Housing is
Low-income gov't owned housing
building housing public services, such as gov't agencies
conversion of low-income housing to middle-class housing.
illegaly established low-income housing
92
A town is defined as a place where a certain assemblage of goods & services is available with a:
hinterland
Minimum of 25,000 people
public transportation system
Good Highway System
93
According to the concentric zone model, a city develops in a series of
all of the above
nodes.
corridors.
rings
94
The focal point of the Southeast Asian city is the
old colonial port zone.
suburbs.
alien commercial zone.
CBD.
95
A structural element of many Latin American cities, the disamenity sector, is illustrated by the
industrial park.
commercial spine.
mall.
favelas.
96
Ethnic neighborhoods in European cities reflect migrants from
former colonies.
poor Mediterranean Europe.
Latin America
Eastern Europe.