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Biology 2nd semester review Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology 2nd semester review
Biology 2nd semester review
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1
Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which _____________________.
both species benefit
one benefits, one is neutral
both species are harmed
one species is harmed, one benefits
2
A keystone species is..
where 1 species benefits, while the other species is harmed.
where 1 species benefits and the other species doesn't.
A species that plays a very important role in its community.
a relationship in which both species benefit.
3
A Punnett Square is...
The passing of traits from one parent to their offspring.
A very uncool person who makes terrible jokes.
A diagram that shows possible outcomes from a genetic cross.
The study of heredity.
4
The primary source of energy in ecosystems is
Autotrophs
Omnivores
The Sun
Bacteria
5
Why are invasive species overpopulating areas?
They kill all the native species
They have no natural predators
They hoard resources
6
In the pedigree chart, what is the genotype of Beatrice?
Heterozygous
Homozygous dominant
Hemizygous recessive
Homozygous recessive
7
Logistic growth curves...
start with a high growth rate that eventually begins to decrease.
start with a slow growth rate and end up increasing rapidly forever.
grows at a constant rate over time
start with a slow growth rate, has a rapid growth period, then flattens out
8
What is an example of a biome?
all are correct
rainforest
tundra
desert
9
What is a heterotroph?
An organism that gets its food by eating other organisms
An organism that eats only plants.
An organism that makes its own food by chemosynthesis
An organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis.
10
Bacteria chromosome is:
Single stranded and linear
Double stranded and circular
Single stranded and circular
11
Which Domains are prokaryotic?
Archaea & Bacteria
Eukarya & Bacteria
Archaea & Eukarya
Archaea & Archaebacteria
12
Exponential Growth Curve
z-shaped growth curve
J-shaped growth curve
s-shaped growth curve
m-shaped growth curve
13
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism?
Amphibians
Birds
Crocodiles
Ray-finned fish
14
The peppered moths adapted to a changing environment. This is an example of...
Natural Selection
Natural Breeding
Natural Moth
Natural Colour
15
What Carrying Capacity?
the most important species in a trophic pyramid
The lowest amount a population can be support in an ecosystem
How many things you can carry
The amount a population can be support in an ecosystem
16
What is gradualism?
Slow changes over a long period of time
Fast changes over a short period of time
17
What is Punctuated Equilibrium?
Short/Fast
Long/Slow
Medium/Medium
18
Descent with modification
Organisms must compete for resources
Organisms' traits have changed from their ancestors' traits
Most mutations cause loss of function
parents can pass acquired traits to offspring
19
What is global warming?
ice caps melting
sea levels rising
more deserts
the gradual warming of the globe
20
What are renewable resources?
resource that can be remade fairly easily
resource that only contains rocks
resource that cannot be easily made
resource that only has minerals
21
Compare plant and animal cells.
Prokaryotic cells
Plant cells have chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
chemical reactions
all of the above
22
What was Lamarck's theory of evolution?
Acquired characteristics were passed on
Evolution by natural selection
Animals choose to evolve
God created all the animals as they are today
23
Which of the following is an example of parasatism?
Sea Anenomoe and Clownfish
Deer and tick
Remora Fish and Shark
Shark and Fish
24
Who was Gregor Mendel?
The father of GMO's
The father of cross breeding
The father of heredity
The father of modern music
25
In predation, the organism that kills another organism for food is the predator.
True
False
26
What is a producer?
Animals that eat plants and other animals
Organisms that make their own food such as plants.
Animals that only eat plants
Organisms that eat living things such as animals
27
An organism is unicellular, prokaryotic, and can survive in harsh environments, it is...
Archea
Protista
Bacteria
Animalia
28
Choose the heterozygous genotype.
ff
AA
Ff
FF
29
Which is homozygous dominant?
AA
A
Aa
aa
30
What is a habitat vs. a niche?
Habitat is where the animal lives vs a niche is how the animal uses it
Habitat is where an animal lives vs niche is what the animal eats
Habitat is where an animal eats vs a niche is where it lives
31
Which organism is multicellular and makes its own food?
plant
animal
fungi
Protista
32
Nonrenewable resources
are wind
can't be replaced or take a long time to be replaced
are solar
can be replaced
33
What is an Biosphere?
The outer layer protects the Earth and contains gases.
All bodies of water
All of the above
All land present on Earth
34
What is a autotroph?
An organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis.
An organism that gets its food by eating other organisms
An organism that makes its own food by chemosynthesis
An organism that eats only plants.
35
Sex linked traits
Are found on the Y chromosome.
Have multiple alleles for one gene.
Are found on all sex chromosomes.
Are found on the X chromosome.
36
Geographic Isolation ?
Look similar on the outside but different inside
living things are separated by a lot of space
Similar bones inside, but they do different jobs
37
A group of the same organisms and the level on which evolution occurs is
a population
a cell
an ecosystem
a biome
38
What is biodiversity?
the animals that live only in rainforests
the rich variety of life in every ecosystem on Earth
the animal and plant species that live only in your backyard
39
Who developed our current naming system
Carol LInnae
Aristotle
Gragor Mendel
Charles Darwin
40
A mutualism occurs when both species in the relationship...
Coexist neutrally
Suffer
Benefit
are part of the carbon cycle
41
Order of Classification
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Order, Species, Genus
Class, Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Species
42
State 2 living characteristics of viruses?
ability to reproduce
ability to mutate
ability to infect
ability to breathe
43
This evidence provides the most detailed record of evolution
Homologous structures
Geographic distribution of species
Cell structures
The fossil record
44
Analogous structures share
Similar function but different structure
Similar structure but different function
Similar function and structure
45
Embryological comparisons support:
common ancestry
artificial selection
heritability
natural selection
46
Dihybrid cross
cross between parents who are heterozygous for ONE trait
phenotype of a heterozygote is between 2 homozygote
cross between parents who are heterozygous for TWO traits
more than 1 gene forma single trait
47
What is an ecosystem in biology?
All of the non-living things in an area
The members of a specific species in an area
All of the living organisms in an area
All of the above
48
A bird's wings are homologous to
an alligator's claws.
a mosquito's wings.
a dog's front legs.
a fish's tailfin.
49
The carbon cycle includes:
only living things
only nonliving things
both living and nonliving things
50
In biology population refers to
Number of organisms
Same type of organisms in an area
Organisms in an area
Organisms in an area
51
In general, the age of fossils in rock layers gets ______ the deeper you dig.
Older
Younger
52
In Biology, community means
all the organisms of one species that live in a place
all the organisms in a place AND the places where they live
Where an organism lives
all the organisms that live in a place
53
What is a decomposer?
the soil
a carnivore that eats dead animals
a consumer that breaks down the remains of dead organisms
the sun
