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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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1
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Spatial reasoning
Abstract reasoning
Producing speech
Control of the left hand
2
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Rationalization
Denial
Sublimation
3
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Body temperature and desire to eat.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
4
Weber's Law determines...
Absolute threshold
Just-noticeable difference
Amplitude of sound waves
Level of subliminal messages
5
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
6
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
B.F. Skinner
7
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Endorphins
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
8
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Aptitude test
Intelligence test
Standardized test
Achievement test
9
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It is also valid.
It yields consistent results.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is given in the same way every time.
10
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Appropriate for only female patients.
Unscientific and unverifiable
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
11
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
12
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
13
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
14
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
The on/off switch on a computer.
The ignition switch on a car.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
15
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
16
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Identity
Career
Autonomy
Affection
17
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Structuralism
The unconscious mind
Gestalt Theory
Behaviorism
18
One of your classmates remarks that "Seth is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
19
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Hallucinations
Delusions
Compulsions
Obsessions
20
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
Our adaptability to different problems.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
21
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Sampling error
The need for a representative sample
Many confounding variables
Concerns over validity
22
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Naturalistic observation
Introspection
Inferential
Structuralism
23
schizophrenics suffer from...
Multiple personalities
Hallucinations
Compulsions
Depression
24
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Agreeableness
Honesty
Openness
Extraversion
25
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
4.5
5.5
6
5
26
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Social-cultural
Functionalist
Humanist
Eclectic
27
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Motor development
Reading ability
Self-esteem
28
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The number of people in the group.
The location of the learner.
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
29
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
30
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Abstract reasoning
Operational
Syllogistic
Formal operations
31
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Biopsychologist
Psychoanalytic
Structuralist
Behaviorist
32
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
33
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Constructive Memory
Selective Attention
Recovered Memory
34
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Past conditioning
Biological processes
Individual choice
Unconscious behavioral impulses
35
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Somatic therapy
Transference
ECT
Systematic desensitization
36
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
37
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Conversion Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Panic Disorder
Zoophobia
38
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
are exact reinactments of our day
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Occur only after stressful events.
39
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio
40
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
41
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Serotonin
Dopamine
GABA
Endorphins
42
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
43
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
44
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which pain messages are perceived.
45
The cochlea is responsible for...
Protecting the surface of the eye.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
46
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Elements of language.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
47
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
I, II, and III
I and II
II and III
II Only
48
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 1
REM Sleep
Stage 4
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
49
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Self-actualization
Equilibrium
Primary satisfaction
Homeostasis
50
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
51
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Authoritative
Avoidant
Authoritarian
Secure
52
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Cognitive
Behaviorist
53
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CR
US
UR
CS
54
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
55
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Sensorimotor
Pre-operational
Conventional
Formal Operations
56
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders.
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
Mr. Tamp calls on boys more often than girls.
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart.
57
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
58
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
59
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers
Albert Ellis
Aaron Beck
Fritz Perls
60
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Negatively skewed
Normal
Positively skewed
A straight line
61
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Less reported stress.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
Increased arousal.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
62
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
63
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Chocolate cake
Money
High grades
Applause
64
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A strong libido.
A belief in luck.
A positive self-concept.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
65
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Valium
Prozac
Lithium
Haldol
66
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
67
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
68
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Mixed
Eclectic
Open-minded
Flexible
69
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Convergence
Interposition
Texture gradient
Linear perspective
70
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Thorazine
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
71
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Musical
Spatial
Practical
Linguistic
72
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Variable Ratio
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
73
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
74
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The number of participants involved.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The time span of the study.
The developmental stage of the participants.
