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8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4
8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4
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A #blindquiz #science review on #unit4 #therestlessearth #sciencefusion
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
How does pyroclastic material differ from lava?
pyroclastic material is associated with explosive eruptions
pyroclastic material is associated with nonviolent eruptions
pyroclastic material erupts from shield volcanoes
pyroclastic material erupts onto Earth's surface
2
What causes a tsunami?
an earthquake beneath the ocean
the impact of a large meteorite in the ocean
a typhoon moving across the ocean
a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water
3
What is the primary way that folded mountains are formed?
by tension
by volcanic activity
by shear stress
by compression
4
What are the mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the movement of Earth's plates?
sea-floor spreading and continental drift
mantle convection & continental drift
slab pull & sea-floor spreading
mantle convection, ridge push, and slab pull
5
Besides their location, how are continental and oceanic crusts
different
?
Continental crust is thicker than oceanic
Continental are larger tectonic plates than oceanic
Continental are smaller tectonic plates than oceanic
Continental crust is thinner than oceanic
6
Which of the following are body waves?
Richter waves and S waves
surface waves and P waves
P waves and Richter waves
P waves and S waves
7
What is the main difference between body waves and surface waves?
Surface waves travel outward from the focus
Body waves travel in all directions
Surface waves travel in all directions
Body waves travel outward from the focus
8
Which type of stress causes deformation that lead to earthquakes at converging plate boundaries
shear stress
tension
compression
stretching
9
What is the primary way that folded mountains are formed?
by shearing stress
by compression
by volcanic activity
by tension
10
Which of the following processes causes one tectonic plate to sink beneath another?
seafloor spreading
Ridge pull
folding
slab pull
11
What is a convection current?
transfer of energy through a solid, like the Earth's crust
The transfer of energy by direct contact
the transfer of energy by the movement of matter
transfer of energy from a region of lower to higher temp.
12
How are oceanic and continental crust different?
Oceanic crust is thicker and lighter
Oceanic crust is thicker and denser
Oceanic crust is thinner and denser
Oceanic crust is thinner and lighter
13
Scientists divide Earth into 3 main layers: core, mantle and crust. How are they identified?
By their plate tectonics
By their chemical composition
By their physical properties
By their structural features
14
Most divergent plate boundaries lie under the world's oceans. Which process occurs there?
Subduction of old crust
Continental collisions occur
Formation of new crust
Plates slide past each other
15
What happens when stress causes a normal fault?
The walls move side to side
The hanging wall drops down
The footwall drops down
Then hanging wall moves up
16
What decribes what hapened when 2 continents in Pangaea collided?
Folded mountains formed as a result of tensional stress
Fault-block mountains formed as a result of tensional stress
Folded mountains formed as a result of compressional stress
Fault-block mountains formed from compressional stress
17
Which of the following is a process that occurs at a divergent boundaries?
continental collisions occure
plates slide past each other
formation of new crust
subduction of old crust
18
You see 2 different folds;1st fold are younger away from the center and 2nd older;which is true
1st fold is syncline and 2nd fold is monocline
1st fold is anticline and 2nd fold is monocline
1st fold is anticline and 2nd fold is syncline
1st fold is syncline and 2nd fold is anticline
19
Which of the following defines magma?
Magma is lava that has cooled to form solid rock
Magma is molten rock that flows on Earth's surface
Magma is any place where gas, ash, or melted rock are.
Magma is melted rock found in underground chambers
20
Which type of volcano has the steepest sides?
shield
composite
lava
cinder cone
21
What causes an earthquake to happen?
Large amounts of rock suddenly shift down due to holes below
Energy transferred to rock layers from convection currents
Surface rocks moving suddenly from stress
Rocks along underground fault move suddenly & release energy
22
Which part of the mantle is also part of the lithosphere?
the rigid upper part
the fluid, hot part
the soft moving part
the lower stationary part
23
What is the most likely reason there are no major earthquakes recorded in Africa's interior?
The landmass of Africa is too large to be affected
No major plate boundaries cut through the continent
The plate boundary inside Africa is to small
There are no faults in Africa.
24
What happens at a convergent tectonic plate boundary?
Two plates pull away from one another
Two plates collide with one another
Two plates slide horizontally past each other
One plate pulls apart into 2 new plates
25
Earth 5 physical layers, which layer represents the mesosphere?
C
A
D
E
26
Which describes the moment magnitude of an earthquake?
the amount of damage caused to buildings
the distance from the earthquake's focus
the distance from the earthquake's epicenter
the amount of movement along a fault
27
New Mexico geology is dominated by extensional tectonic forces; which 2 types of mountains fit?
fault block and folded
fault block and dome
volcanic and dome
volcanic and fault block
28
Which term describes a kind of fold in which the oldest rock layers are in the center?
Syncline
Asymmetrical fold
Anticline
Symmetrical Fold
29
Alternating quiet and violent eruptions are associated with which kind of volcano?
Composite
Cinder Cone
Shield
Pyroclastic
30
The figure shows the process of subduction. What happens when the crustal plates move as shown?
Volcanic mountain ranges form
An ocean forms
A transform boundary forms where the subduction occurs
Sea-floor spreading occurs as the oceanic plate moves
31
Which is the correct definition for the term
epicenter
?
position on Earth's surface directly above the focus
position below Earth's surface where an earthquake begins
position along a fault directly below the focus
A place on Earth's surface where the earthquake happens
32
Where do the highest concentration of earthquakes occur?
Within the ocean basins
within the continental landmasses
along the edges of the Pacific Ocean
along the edges of the Atlantic Ocean
