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Chemistry Units 1-3 Review Study Guide Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry Units 1-3 Review Study Guide
Chemistry Units 1-3 Review Study Guide
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1
Who arranged the elements according to atomic mass & used the arrangement to predict the properties of missing elements?
Antoine Lavoisier
John Dalton
Dmitri Mendeleev
Henry Moseley
2
To what category of elements does an element belong if it is a poor conductor of electricity?
metalloids
transition elements
metals
nonmetals
3
Which is the state of matter shown in this figure?
plasma
liquid
gas
solid
4
What is the maximum number of f orbitals in any single energy level in an atom?
7
5
1
3
5
Which precaution should you take when you see this safety symbol?
wear heat- and cold-resistant gloves
do not touch sharp objects
wash your hands after the lab
do not touch toxic substances
6
The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element is a(n) ____.
electron
atom
neutron
proton
7
Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called ____.
filtration
solution
distillation
condensation
8
Which of the following elements is a metal?
Carbon
Boron
Magnesium
Nitrogen
9
When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
a physical change
neither a physical change nor a chemical change
a chemical change
both a physical change and a chemical change
10
According to the aufbau principle, ____.
an orbital may be occupied by only two electrons
electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins
electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first
electrons enter orbitals of highest energy first
11
How many individual atoms make up one unit of aluminum chloride, AlCl
3
?
4
3
1
2
12
The closeness of a measurement to its true value is a measure of its ____.
usefulness
reproducibility
accuracy
precision
13
Which is a compound?
aluminum
iron
sodium
carbon dioxide
14
In Bohr's model of the atom, where are the electrons and protons located?
Electrons occupy fixed positions around the protons, at center of the atom.
Electrons and protons are located throughout the atom, not free to move.
The electrons move around the protons, which are at the center of the atom.
The electrons and protons move throughout the atom.
15
What is the charge on the strontium ion?
+2
-1
-2
+1
16
Which is the type of separation technique being demonstrated in the figure?
filtration
crystallization
distillation
chromatography
17
Which scientist developed the model of the atom from the gold foil experiment?
Thomson
Rutherford
Bohr
Chadwick
18
The octet rule states that, in chemical compounds, atoms tend to have ____.
more protons than electrons
more electrons than protons
the electron configuration of a noble gas
eight electrons in their principal energy level
19
Which scientist developed the "plum pudding" model of the atom?
Bohr
Rutherford
Thomson
Chadwick
20
Which of the following substances is an element?
Baking soda
Iron
Sugar
Salt
21
Which element has the electron configuration 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
2
3d
4
?
Selenium (Se)
Chromium (Cr)
Titanium (Ti)
Sulfur (S)
22
How many neutrons are in an atom of chloride?
18
17
35
34
23
According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, in any chemical change
the mass of reactants is greater than the mass ofproducts
the mass of reactants is equal to the mass of products
the masses of products and reactants have nopredictable relationship
the mass of reactants is less than the mass of products
24
Isotopes of the same element have different ____.
numbers of electrons
numbers of neutrons
numbers of protons
atomic numbers
25
Which scientist first arranged elements by atomic number?
Mendeleev
Mosely
Lavoisier
Newlands
26
Density is found by dividing ____.
volume by mass
mass by area
mass by volume
area by mass
27
Dalton's atomic theory included which idea?
All atoms of all elements are the same size.
Individual atoms can be seen with a microscope.
Atoms of different elements always combine inone-to-one ratios.
Atoms of the same element are always identical.
28
What is the charge of a cation?
a positive charge
a negative charge
no charge
The charge depends on the size of the nucleus
29
When Group 2A elements form ions, they ____.
lose two electrons
gain two electrons
gain two protons
lose two protons
30
If the spin of one electron in an orbital is clockwise, what is the spin of the other electron in that orbital?
clockwise
zero
Both clockwise and counterclockwise
counterclockwise
31
Which scientist developed the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
Niels Bohr
Ernest Rutherford
Albert Einstein
Erwin Schrodinger
32
Each period in the periodic table corresponds to ____.
a principal energy level
an energy sublevel
a suborbital
an orbital
33
The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic ____.
radius
charge
number
mass
34
Who was the man who lived from 460B.C.–370B.C. and was among the first to suggest the idea of atoms?
Dalton
atomos
Democritus
Thomson
35
Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Gallium (Ga)?
1
31
13
3
36
Which scientist described the existence of the neutron?
Chadwick
Thomson
Rutherford
Bohr
37
According to ____ periodic table, physical and chemical properties are periodic functions of their atomic weights.
Henry Moseley's
Lothar Meyer's
Dmitri Mendeleev's
John Newlands'
38
A vapor is which state of matter?
solid
gas
all of these are correct
liquid
39
Which of these elements has 5 valence electrons?
Vanadium (V)
Rubidium (Rb)
Arsenic (As)
Boron (B)
40
The mass number of an element is equal to ____.
the total number of electrons in the nucleus
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
less than twice the atomic number
a constant number for the lighter elements
41
The particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are
neutrons and electrons
protons and electrons
protons and neutrons
electrons only
42
Who predicted that all matter can behave as waves as well as particles?
Erwin Schrodinger
Louis de Broglie
Albert Einstein
Max Plank
43
Which category of elements is commonly used to make computer chips and solar cells ?
noble gases
metals
nonmetals
metalloids
44
The chief advantage of the metric system over other systems of measurement is that it ____.
is in multiples of 10
is derived from nature itself
has more units
is in French
45
The principal quantum number indicates what property of an electron?
energy level
position
electron cloud shape
speed
46
Which of the following is a physical change?
explosion
Corrosion
evaporation
rotting of food
47
All atoms of the same element have the same ____.
number of protons
mass
mass numbers
number of neutrons