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8.L.4 Evolution and Genetics Review Flashcards | StudBud
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8.L.4 Evolution and Genetics Review
8.L.4 Evolution and Genetics Review
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1
How are homologous structures used as evidence for evolution?
The structures are a coincidence, and should not be used.
Fossilsshow common functions only.
Organismsthat are seemingly unrelated have similarities.
Organismsdon’t share structures
2
What stardard are we covering for this review?
8.L.4-Evolution and Genetics
8.E.2-Earth's Stuctures
8.P.1-Chemistry
none of these
3
Evolution causes some body parts to be unused or not needed. These are called ___ structures.
analogous
homologous
vestigial
heterogeneous
4
Which population would most affect its survival when threatened by global climate change?
biochemical adaptation
none of these
genetic specialization
genetic diversity
5
Which would best allow a species to survive environmental changes?
low mutation rate
similar physical features
small population
genetic diversity
6
Which is a sign of the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in evolutionary biology?
the behavior of the offspring
the number of offspring that survive to reproduce
the physical traits of the offspring
none of these
7
If humans share DNA with a plant, what is most likely a common ancestor?
none of these
a multi-cellular organism
a green animal
a single-celled organism
8
True or False: Homologous structures may or may not have the same function.
False
True
9
How does environment and genetic variation contribute to the difference of species appearance?
The climate becomes colder and a species becomes extinct.
The climate becomes colder and a species adapt to the change
none of these
The climate becomes colder and a new species develops.
10
Scientists think that dolphins and whales may have evolved from a commonancestor. How?
They eat the same food.
They live in the same area of the ocean.
They have similar anatomies.
They swim the same way.
11
Butterfly wing and bat wing
analogous
homologous
12
Which will most likely prevent a species from becoming extinct?
adequate sources of water for the species
large habitat areas for the species
absence of a predator species
genetic variability within the species
13
Which is most likely 2 affect a species chance of survival after a sudden environmental change?
genetic variation
genetic mutation
none of these
genetic drift
14
What do scientists most often use to form the basis for biological classification?
population size
geographic location
dietary habits
comparative anatomy
15
The answer is C.
C
A
B
D
16
Which will likely occur when a bird’s beak size increases over time to better crack open nuts?
Species reproduction will increase.
Species survival will decrease.
Species survival will increase.
Species reproduction will decrease.
17
Tigers and small cats are members of the same family but sizes are different. What's the cause?
habitat size
biochemical makeup
behavioral makeup
genetics
18
Of the items below, which
best
implies a common ancestor?
common fossils
none of these
similar traits
embryological similarities
19
True or False. Analogous structures show common ancestory.
False
True
20
Similar structures, similar functions like an human arm and a bat wing are ________ structures.
analogous
vestigial
heterogeneous
homologous
21
Which adaptation best allows organisms to adjust to the harsh winters of the tundra?
long ears
none of these
large, glossy leaves
thick fur
22
Which is most responsible for extinction of species of plants and animals that lived on Earth?
gene mutation
decrease in reproduction
environmental changes
selective breeding
23
How are homologous structures used as evidence for evolution?
Organisms do not share structures, they adapt.
Organisms unrelated have common structures and functions
Fossils show common functions, but not structures.
structures are just a coincidence and not used as evidence
24
The answer is A.
A
b
a
d
25
The fossil record and the geologic time scale show that:
none of these
some species are transitions between big group of organisms
al species today are just as they were when they were create
most species haven’t evolved
26
Which of the following are evidences of evolution?
generations
adaptations
analogous structures
homologous structures
27
Which would indicate that a series of fossils represent the evolution of the horse?
fossils were found in the same layer of rock as horse fossil
fossils were located in the same place on Earth as horses.
All of the fossils are completely identical to horse bones.
fossils show similar structures to that of the modern horse.
28
Bat wing and mouse forelimb
analogous
homologous
29
Of the following body parts, which is a vestigial structure?
coccyx
stomach
brain
heart
30
Which of the following is an example of an homologous structure?
human arm and bat wing
bird wing and bat wing
moth wing and eagle wing
whale and fish
31
Based on the images below: Eagle wing and moth wing are examples of what structure?
analogous
homologous
32
_______________helps organisms be more able to make adaptations.
cooperation
mutation
noneof these
diversity
33
What's the nickname for Mrs. Richburg?
Mrs. A
Mama Richburg
None of these
Mrs. Rich
34
A homo sapien is an example of a(n) _________________.
common ancestor
species
generation
offspring
35
Based on the images below: Whale and Cat have what type of structures?
analogous
homologous
36
Wha tcan be said of two different species that have very similar DNA sequences?
The species live on different continents.
The species share a common ancestor.
The species have adapted in the same ways.
One of the species evolved into theother species.
37
Which of the following are evidence of the Theory of Evolution?
competition
none of these
embryological similarities
analogous structures
38
What can be inferred from observed similarities in the forelimbs of humans, dogs and bats?
These organisms share a common ancestor.
Bats evolved from humans.
These organisms are classified as the same species.
Dogs evolved from humans.
39
The following image is an example of ___________.
analogous structures
vestigial structures
none of these
embryological similarities
40
The main idea of evolution states that
the appearance of organisms can change during their lifetime
only the best and strongest organisms survive
the appearance of organisms in a population change over time
organisms can survive in any environment on Earth
41
Changes in organisms over time is a simple explanation for the __________________.
theory of evolution
theory of continental drift
law of conservation of mass
law of superposition
42
The main idea of evolution states that
the appearance of organisms can change during their lifetime
the appearance of organisms in a population change over time
organisms can survive in any environment on Earth
only the best and strongest organisms survive
43
The answer is D.
D
c
a
d
44
Of the items below, which
best
implies a common ancestor?
embryological similarities
similar traits
none of these
common fossils
45
Evidence for evolution is found
mostly in the structures of living things
in neither fossils nor the structures of living things
in both fossils and the structures of living things
mostly in fossils
46
What is the leading cause of evolution in organisms?
changes in the environment
changes in organisms
none of these
changes in the fossil record
47
The diagram to the left is a visual of what evidence of evolution?
vestigial structures
homologous structures
dna similarities
analogous structures
48
Of the items below, which
best
implies a common ancestor?
similar traits
common fossils
none of these
embryological similarities
49
The answer is B.
A
D
B
C
50
Different structures, similar functions like an human arm and a bat wing are_______structures.
homologous
vestigial
heterogeneous
analogous