What audiences did Gibson appeal to?

Younger Black audiences and younger, hipper white audiences

Why was Jack Gibson known as the rapper?

used southern lexicon, and ended each sentence with a rhyme

What Black Music Convention did Gibson start?

Jack the Rapper‚Äôs Family Affair

One of the longest running shows, first aired in 1970

Why was Soul Train considered an ambassador?

Connected white audience to Black music and dance

What two theories did Grandmaster Flash create?

Quick-Mix Theory & Torque Theory

What did Jack the Rapper Gibson try to prove?

Black radio could be profitable and a force for social progress

What innovations did Grandmaster Flash make?

DJ science‚Äìpunch phrasing, finger tips, crayon marks

Who is considered the true father of rock ‚Äòn roll?

Chuck Berry (rather than Elvis)

What did Gamble and Huff develop?

Production qualities and techniques known as the Philly Sound

Who was the first host Soul Train?

Don Cornelius from 1970 until 1993

What were some other innovations of Grandmaster Flash?

Backspin and scratching, Peek-A-Boo System

How has modern rap changed since toasting storytelling?

Often more cynical, rather than hopeful

What song did Gamble and Huff first work on together?

I‚Äôm Gonna Make you Love me, Diana Ross and the Supremes

What was Chuck Berry‚Äôs job before music?

He worked in an automobile plant

Why did he start Family Affair?

Like Billboard‚Äôs annual music ceremony, but for Black music

What are some of Aretha Franklin‚Äôs accomplishments?

100 R&B Hits, 20 number 1‚Äôs, 18 Grammy Awards

What recognitions did Aretha Franklin receive?

Presidential Medal of Freedom, First woman in Rock‚ÄônRoll HOF

What did wiring the turntables achieve?

A breakbeat sound that he talked over

Who was the first group Chuck Berry performed with?

Johnnie Johnson Trio in the early 50s

What comparison was made with Philly International and Motown?

If Motown owned the 1960s, the 70s belonged to Philly International records

What two-sided trade pamphlet did Gibson produce?

The Mello Yello, the country's largest Black radio trade publication

What songs was MC Hammer known for?

U can‚Äôt touch this, 2 legit 2 quit

Who was inspired by DJ Cool Herc early on?

Barbados born, Grandmaster Flash

What is Grandmaster Flash known as?

The first DJ to make the turntable an instrument

What skills did DJ Cool Herc have that helped his innovations in music?

Self-taught electronics genius who wired up turntables

What Motown film featured Diana Ross?

Lady Sings the Blues about Billie Holiday

Who were some artists that Berry Gordy wrote songs for?

Jackie Wilson, the Miracles, and the Jackson 5

What elements does rap combine?

Jazz, Blues, Soul, and the Black custom of toasting

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Chapter 26, part 2

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Questions 64

Answers

1
What audiences did Gibson appeal to?
Younger Black audiences and younger, hipper white audiences
Corporate sponsors
White audiences primarily
Older Black audiences and political leaders
2
Why was Jack Gibson known as the rapper?
He popularized the phrase 'rap music' on radio
He was the first to record a rap album
He rapped on his radio shows with musical accompaniment
used southern lexicon, and ended each sentence with a rhyme
3
What songs did Little Richard make famous?
Shake, Rattle, and Roll, Lucille
Tutti Frutti, Long Tall Sally
Good Golly Miss Molly, Lucille
Blueberry Hill, Ain‚Äôt That a Shame
4
Who did Motown market to?
Exclusively Black audiences
White audiences only
International audiences
Black and White audiences
5
What Black Music Convention did Gibson start?
Jack the Rapper‚Äôs Family Affair
The Rhythm and Blues Awards
The Black Music Summit
The Soul Music Expo
6
What was Soul Train known as?
The Funk Machine
The Hippest Trip in America
The Beat Street
The Soul Show
7
What is an early Chuck Berry number one?
Maybellene
Johnny B. Goode
School Day
Roll Over Beethoven
8
What was Soul Train?
One of the longest running shows, first aired in 1970
A dance competition show
A news show about music industry updates
A news program focused on Black issues
9
How many gold and platinum records did Gamble and Huff have?
150
175
100
200
10
Why was Soul Train considered an ambassador?
Encouraged cultural integration
Showcased contemporary dance styles
Connected white audience to Black music and dance
Helped launch the careers of emerging Black artists
11
What group from Compton is considered the greatest and most controversial group?
N.W.A
Wu-Tang Clan
A Tribe Called Quest
The Sugarhill Gang
12
What two theories did Grandmaster Flash create?
Quick-Mix Theory & Torque Theory
Loop Theory & Pitch Theory
Bass Boost Theory & Fader Theory
Mix-Master Theory & Dynamic Theory
13
What was one of the most well-known rap groups of the 1980s?
Public Enemy
Run DMC
Salt-N-Pepa
The Beastie Boys
14
What are some films Motown produced?
Cadillac Records and Purple Rain
Dreamgirls and The Color Purple
Mahogany and The Wiz
Sparkle and Carmen Jones
15
What did Jack the Rapper Gibson try to prove?
Radio was only for entertainment, not activism
Black radio could be profitable and a force for social progress
Black radio should focus solely on entertainment
Black music couldn‚Äôt reach mainstream audiences
16
What was Motown‚Äôs first million-seller song?
My Girl, The Temptations
I Want You Back, Jackson 5
Shop Around, the Miracles
Ain‚Äôt No Mountain High Enough, Diana Ross
17
What innovations did Grandmaster Flash make?
DJ science‚Äìpunch phrasing, finger tips, crayon marks
Beat juggling and fade-ins
Advanced mic techniques, echo effects
Faster turntable rotations, syncopated beats
18
When did DJ Cool Herc indicate he first used his Merry-go-round?
1972
1973
1970
1975
19
Who is considered the true father of rock ‚Äòn roll?
Chuck Berry (rather than Elvis)
Fats Domino
Buddy Holly
Elvis Presley
20
What did Gamble and Huff develop?
A new type of rock music
An evolution of soul music with jazz influences
Production qualities and techniques known as the Philly Sound
A unique style of disco music
21
Who was the first host Soul Train?
Dick Clark
Don Cornelius from 1970 until 1993
Dick Gregory
Steve Harvey
22
What were some other innovations of Grandmaster Flash?
Looping and remixing, Virtual DJing
Backspin and scratching, Peek-A-Boo System
Beatboxing and freestyle rapping
Mash-ups and sound layering
23
What two types of people in early rap talked over beats?
Guitarist and keyboardist
Producer and singer
DJ and MC
Radio host and producer
24
How has modern rap changed since toasting storytelling?
More traditional and narrative-based
More optimistic and uplifting
More romantic and introspective
Often more cynical, rather than hopeful
25
What instrument is Little Richard known for playing?
The piano
The saxophone
The guitar
The drums
26
What song did Gamble and Huff first work on together?
Respect, Aretha Franklin
I Heard It Through the Grapevine, Marvin Gaye
I‚Äôm Gonna Make you Love me, Diana Ross and the Supremes
Ain't No Mountain High Enough, Marvin Gaye
27
What was Chuck Berry‚Äôs job before music?
Sold insurance
He worked in an automobile plant
Barber
Worked as a truck driver
28
Who started Philadelphia International Records?
Clive Davis and Quincy Jones
Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff
Berry Gordy and Smokey Robinson
Teddy Pendergrass and Luther Vandross
29
What area did Gordy expand Motown into in the 1970s?
Television
Film
Broadway
Radio
30
Who were two of the inaugural inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame?
B.B. King and Aretha Franklin
Ray Charles and James Brown
Stevie Wonder and Marvin Gaye
Chuck Berry and Little Richard
31
What Black American artists are credited with the advent of Rock and Roll?
Chuck Berry and Little Richard
Ray Charles and Fats Domino
James Brown and Bo Diddley
Muddy Waters and B.B. King
32
Why did he start Family Affair?
Like Billboard‚Äôs annual music ceremony, but for Black music
To honor historical contributions to Black music
To recognize DJs and MCs contributions
To promote new talent in the industry
33
What are some of Aretha Franklin‚Äôs accomplishments?
120 Hits, 30 number 1‚Äôs, 25 Grammy Awards
80 Pop Hits, 15 number 1‚Äôs, 22 Grammy Awards
50 Top Hits, 5 number 1‚Äôs, 10 Grammy Awards
100 R&B Hits, 20 number 1‚Äôs, 18 Grammy Awards
34
What is considered the first hip hop song known to a wide audience?
The Message
Planet Rock
Rapper‚Äôs Delight
Good Times
35
Who was fundamental in creating Motown?
Clarence Avant
Quincy Jones
Smokey Robinson
Berry Gordy
36
What recognitions did Aretha Franklin receive?
Presidential Citizens Medal, First woman in Country HOF
Presidential Medal of Freedom, First woman in Rock‚ÄônRoll HOF
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, First woman in Jazz HOF
National Medal of Arts, First woman in Blues HOF
37
What did wiring the turntables achieve?
A drum loop that played over other sounds
A breakbeat sound that he talked over
A synthesized bass sound
An echo effect on live instruments
38
Who was the first group Chuck Berry performed with?
Johnnie Johnson Trio in the early 50s
The Platters in the early 60s
The Coasters in the late 50s
The Drifters in the mid-50s
39
What comparison was made with Philly International and Motown?
If Motown owned the 1970s, the 80s belonged to Philly International
If Staxx owned the 1960s, the 70s belonged to Motown
If Motown owned the 1950s, the 60s belonged to Philly International
If Motown owned the 1960s, the 70s belonged to Philly International records
40
What two-sided trade pamphlet did Gibson produce?
The Mello Yello, the country's largest Black radio trade publication
The Groove Journal, a national black radio publication
The Smooth Beat, an influential radio newsletter
The Golden Record, a directory of jazz stations
41
What songs was MC Hammer known for?
U can‚Äôt touch this, 2 legit 2 quit
California Love, Keep Their Heads Ringin'
Push It, Shoop
Gin and Juice, Drop It Like It‚Äôs Hot
42
Who was inspired by DJ Cool Herc early on?
Queens born, DJ Hollywood
Barbados born, Grandmaster Flash
Harlem born, Afrika Bambaataa
Brooklyn born, Kool DJ Red Alert
43
What is Grandmaster Flash known as?
The first DJ to make the turntable an instrument
The first producer to remix songs live
The first radio DJ to scratch live
The first rapper to use a turntable
44
What station was Gibson featured on and was the first Black owned Station
WBLS
WVON
WERD
KDAY
45
What skills did DJ Cool Herc have that helped his innovations in music?
An electrician who repaired amplifiers
Self-taught electronics genius who wired up turntables
A trained engineer who built custom sound systems
An audio technician who mixed live shows
46
What record companies did Gibson work as public relations manager?
Motown and Staxx
Sun Records and RCA
Capitol and Atlantic Records
Def Jam and Columbia Records
47
What Motown film featured Diana Ross?
Lady Sings the Blues about Billie Holiday
Billie about Billie Holiday
Dreamgirls about the Supremes
The Wiz about Diana Ross's life
48
What film is loosely based on Motown?
Cadillac Records
Dream Girls
The Blues Brothers
Ray
49
Who were some artists that Berry Gordy wrote songs for?
Diana Ross, the Four Tops, and the Supremes
Jackie Wilson, the Miracles, and the Jackson 5
Aretha Franklin, Stevie Wonder, and Marvin Gaye
Sam Cooke, Otis Redding, and Lionel Richie
50
What elements does rap combine?
Pop, Hip-hop, Country, and Blues
Country, Western, Jazz, and Funk
Jazz, Blues, Soul, and the Black custom of toasting
Classical, Rock, Pop, and Gospel
51
What genre was Motown focused on?
Pop
R&B
Jazz
Soul
52
Who was one of the earliest innovators of rap?
Trinidadian, DJ Clive Campbell
Haitian-American, DJ Kool Herc
African-American, DJ Red Alert
Jamaican-American, DJ Cool Herc
53
What experience did Gordy have that influenced Motown operations?
Worked as a disc jockey
Ran a record store
Was a music teacher
Working on an assembly line, leaving nothing to chance or luck
54
What is a criticism of Grangsta Rap?
Emphasizes musical innovation
Focuses on political issues
Promotes family values
Focuses on violence, devalues Black women
55
What topics does modern rap focus on?
Political protests and activism
Love and relationships
Urban obstacles and inequities
Environmental activism
56
What was Little Richard known for?
Strong lyrics with social commentary
Soft ballads and love songs
Showmanship, pushing boundaries
Complex musical arrangements
57
What innovations did he bring?
Flashy choreography, back up dancers and extra large pants
Vocal harmonies and guitar solos
Energetic dance moves and catchy rhymes
Simple beats and catchy hooks
58
What are Chuck D, FlavaFlav, and DJ Lord known for?
Their music‚Äôs political message, criticism of the media
Humorous and light-hearted lyrics
Complex song structures
Innovative musical techniques
59
What did Soul Train feature?
Interviews with civil rights leaders
Stand-up comedy performances
Music-dance television show highlighting Black artists
Live interviews with Black celebrities
60
What was rap first described as?
Talking over the beats
Chanting with background rhythms
Singing over classical arrangements
Rapping over live instruments
61
Who changed the MC model and brought rap to a global stage?
LL Cool J
Snoop Dogg
MC Hammer
Dr. Dre
62
What is toasting?
A poetic form of expression
A humorous monologue told at parties
A way of dancing with rhythmic steps
A kind of story telling, with creative and concise word choice
63
What organization did Gibson found to support other Black Broadcasters in 1955?
National Association of Radio Announcers (later added Television)
Association of Black Disc Jockeys
Black Radio Collective
National Black Music Coalition
64
What was Gibson criticized for by the industry?
Refusing to ban rappers from attending Family Affair
Accepting commercial sponsorships
Excluding female artists from the convention
Limiting performances to only established artists

Chapter 26, part 2 Flashcards | StudBud