A 'strophic' song form means:

The same music is repeated for each verse of text

A set of scales that form the foundation of melody in Western music

A form of chant with alternating solo and group singing

In 'discant style organum':

Both voices move in a rhythmic and melodic relationship

System of assigning syllables to pitches in a scale, used in sight-singing

What is 'liturgical drama'?

A religious play with music, often performed in churches

The sections of the Mass that remain unchanged regardless of the occasion

The structure and ritual of public worship in the Christian Church

A 'trope' in medieval music is:

An addition to existing Gregorian chant, either text, melody, or both

formula for singing psalms in liturgy, featuring recitation on a 1 pitch

The characteristic spirit or moral nature of a specific culture or time

What is 'contenance angloise'?

Style using rich harmonies using 3rds & 6ths, associated English influence

A Renaissance musical form with a fixed form and recurring refrain

A treatise describing new notational innovations in 14th-century music

A technique where a single melody is alternated between two voices or parts

A short chant sung before and after a psalm in the liturgy

An English choral piece, often sacred and similar to a motet

A descending motion in the upper voice with a simultaneous leap up

A type of medieval monophonic or polyphonic sacred song

A mass where each movement begins with the same melodic idea

period Italian musical development in the 1300s marked by secular polyphony

What is 'cambiata' in Renaissance music?

melodic figure - a note is approached by step, skips down, then resolves

A 'clausula/substitute clausula' is:

A polyphonic section inserted into an existing chant

The movement of Humanism

Placing greater emphasis on text clarity expression + individual creativity

'Rhythmic modes' were used to:

Organize rhythmic patterns in medieval polyphony

A 'troubadour' or 'trobairitz' was:

A poet-musician from medieval France, composing & performing secular songs

Eight daily prayer services in monastic life, featuring psalms and chants

neumes/heighted neumes

early forms of notation that show melodic direction and ornamentation

A German song, often for voice and accompaniment

What is a 'canon' in music?

A composition where one voice imitates another at a fixed interval

A 'chanson de geste' is:

A medieval epic poem set to music, telling heroic tales

The 'Counter-Reformation' affected music by:

Encouraging clarity in text setting and simplifying polyphony

A musical setting of texts from the Christian liturgy

Which of the following best describes a 'paraphrase mass'?

A mass in which a chant melody is embellished and used in all voice

The 'Reformation' impacted music by:

Encouraging the use of the vernacular in church music

What is 'contrafactum'?

A secular song given new sacred lyrics

What distinguishes 'homophony' from other textures?

1 main melody is supported by chords or accompanying voices moving together

A Northern French poet-musician who composed secular songs

What was the 'Council of Trent's' influence on music?

Reformed church music, promoting clarity and eliminating complex polyphony

Which of the following best describes 'responsorial/antiphonal/direct' performance?

Chant style alternating b/w soloist & choir or choir and choir or single

Late medieval style known for extreme rhythmic and notational complexity

A traveling musician and entertainer in medieval Europe

late medieval polyphonic vocal composition w/ sacred text. 3 voice + tenor

double leading-tone cadence

A cadence where two voices move to a tonic chord from different directions

The part of the Mass that changes depending on the feast or occasion

A 'cantus firmus/tenor mass' is:

Mass where the same pre-existing melody is used as foundation throughout

Which of the following best defines 'fauxbourdon'?

technique where 2 composed voices join by a unwritten, parallel third voice

Medieval' ("Middle Ages")

The period b/w fall of the Roman Empire + the beginning of the Renaissance

A 13th-century notation that allowed for representation of rhythm in music

A type of melismatic chant that follows the Alleluia in the Mass

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Music History 1 - Terms

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Questions 62

Answers

1
A 'strophic' song form means:
The same music is repeated for each verse of text
Each verse has completely different music
The song contains only instrumental sections
The melody alternates between solo and choir sections
2
modes
A method of harmonizing Gregorian chant
A set of scales that form the foundation of melody in Western music
Specific musical instruments used in the Renaissance period
Rhythmic patterns used to structure medieval compositions
3
responsorial chant
A chant that exclusively features syllabic text-setting
A chant with extensive ornamentation and instrumental accompaniment
A chant where the congregation alternates with a choir
A form of chant with alternating solo and group singing
4
In 'discant style organum':
Only a single voice is sung, without harmony
Voices move in strict parallel motion
The lower voice holds a sustained note while the upper voice moves freely
Both voices move in a rhythmic and melodic relationship
5
solmization
A technique of ornamenting Gregorian chant with complex vocal runs
A form of medieval notation for rhythmic values
System of assigning syllables to pitches in a scale, used in sight-singing
A type of rhythmic mode used in secular medieval songs
6
What is 'liturgical drama'?
A religious play with music, often performed in churches
A form of madrigal featuring extensive dialogue
A type of chant that alternates between soloist and chorus
A debate among theologians regarding the role of music in worship
7
Ordinary of the Mass
The sections of the Mass that remain unchanged regardless of the occasion
A collection of chants performed by troubadours
The chants used exclusively during Easter celebrations
The musical traditions associated with medieval secular song
8
Liturgy
A style of choral music used in Renaissance courts
The structure and ritual of public worship in the Christian Church
A secular musical form popular in the Medieval period
A form of chant with complex polyphony
9
A 'trope' in medieval music is:
A technique used in organum to create parallel motion
An addition to existing Gregorian chant, either text, melody, or both
A repeating rhythmic pattern in isorhythmic motets
A secular form of dance music from the Ars Nova period
10
psalm tone
A medieval tuning system used for sacred choral music
A form of musical imitation found in early organum
A rhythmic mode used to structure early motets
formula for singing psalms in liturgy, featuring recitation on a 1 pitch
11
ethos
A Renaissance style of imitative counterpoint
A type of secular song from the Middle Ages
A type of medieval chant used in religious ceremonies
The characteristic spirit or moral nature of a specific culture or time
12
What is 'contenance angloise'?
A French secular song featuring isorhythm
A medieval method of notating rhythmic proportions
Style using rich harmonies using 3rds & 6ths, associated English influence
A form of organum featuring alternating monophony and polyphony
13
rondeau
A Renaissance musical form with a fixed form and recurring refrain
A sacred music genre based on a single melodic line
A type of medieval choral mass
A type of Gregorian chant with multiple voices
14
Ars Nova
A Renaissance term for church music with a focus on word painting
A treatise describing new notational innovations in 14th-century music
A style of music characterized by simple, plainchant-like melodies
A form of Gregorian chant used in the Church during the Medieval period
15
hocket (church)
A rhythmic pattern used in organum compositions
A technique where a single melody is alternated between two voices or parts
A type of Gregorian chant with added harmony
A secular song with repeated refrains and instrumental accompaniment
16
antiphon
A type of mass movement that contains only homophonic textures
A rhythmic pattern used in medieval motets
A short chant sung before and after a psalm in the liturgy
A secular song composed for courtly entertainment
17
An 'anthem' is:
An English choral piece, often sacred and similar to a motet
A type of early instrumental prelude
A type of chant used exclusively in monasteries
A secular song performed at royal courts
18
Landini cadence
A harmonization technique used in the Notre Dame school
A descending motion in the upper voice with a simultaneous leap up
A chromatic resolution from dominant to tonic
The alternation between a major and minor third in a cadence
19
A 'conductus' was:
A medieval term for music theory treatises
A form of instrumental accompaniment for troubadour songs
A type of medieval monophonic or polyphonic sacred song
A specific method of text declamation in Gregorian chant
20
A 'motto mass' is:
A mass featuring only syllabic chant settings
A mass where each movement begins with the same melodic idea
A form of secular vocal music performed in the Renaissance court
A mass composed exclusively in one rhythmic mode
21
Trecento
The creation of early opera in the late Renaissance
The 12th-century development of rhythmic notation in France
The rise of Gregorian chant in the early Christian Church
period Italian musical development in the 1300s marked by secular polyphony
22
What is 'cambiata' in Renaissance music?
A secular form of choral music performed in Italy
A style of organum where voices move in parallel motion
A rhythmic pattern used exclusively in sacred music
melodic figure - a note is approached by step, skips down, then resolves
23
A 'clausula/substitute clausula' is:
A type of organum featuring continuous imitation
A repeating rhythmic pattern used in motets
A polyphonic section inserted into an existing chant
A short passage in a madrigal where voices pause
24
The movement of Humanism
Encouraging composers to return to monophonic chant traditions
Promoting the exclusive use of Latin in musical settings
Reinforcing strict church rules against secular influences in sacred music
Placing greater emphasis on text clarity expression + individual creativity
25
'Rhythmic modes' were used to:
Indicate pitch relationships in chant notation
Structure text setting in Gregorian chant
Determine the tonal center of a motet
Organize rhythmic patterns in medieval polyphony
26
A 'troubadour' or 'trobairitz' was:
A type of religious leader who wrote sacred chants
A poet-musician from medieval France, composing & performing secular songs
A performer of instrumental music in monastic settings
A court composer specializing in imitative counterpoint
27
Office
The collection of folk songs used for religious instruction
Musical practice in which secular melodies were repurposed for sacred texts
A collection of secular music performed in royal courts
Eight daily prayer services in monastic life, featuring psalms and chants
28
neumes/heighted neumes
Musical phrases used exclusively in sacred choral music
A style of medieval music notation indicating meter and rhythm
Symbols used in modern notation to indicate dynamic changes
early forms of notation that show melodic direction and ornamentation
29
A 'Lied' is:
A German song, often for voice and accompaniment
A medieval chant sung in monasteries
A form of polyphonic mass from the Ars Nova period
A French sacred motet from the Renaissance
30
What is a 'canon' in music?
A composition where one voice imitates another at a fixed interval
A chant that serves as the foundation for an entire mass
A method of notation used in Ars Nova music
A dance form popular in the medieval courts
31
A 'chanson de geste' is:
A medieval epic poem set to music, telling heroic tales
A sacred polyphonic composition from the Renaissance
A style of improvisational secular song performed by jongleurs
A form of monophonic chant used in mass settings
32
The 'Counter-Reformation' affected music by:
Eliminating instrumental music from religious services
Mandating that all church music be composed in the vernacular
Banning the use of all polyphony in sacred music
Encouraging clarity in text setting and simplifying polyphony
33
Mass
A musical setting of texts from the Christian liturgy
A type of folk tune performed by jongleurs
A form of instrumental music popular in the Middle Ages
A secular French song with multiple verses
34
Which of the following best describes a 'paraphrase mass'?
Mass setting where single melody is used in its original form w/out change
A mass in which a chant melody is embellished and used in all voice
A mass that alternates between monophony and polyphony
A mass based entirely on newly composed material
35
The 'Reformation' impacted music by:
Eliminating polyphony from sacred music
Promoting Gregorian chant as the only acceptable form of worship music
Encouraging the use of the vernacular in church music
Banning instrumental music from church services (only psalms and accapella)
36
A 'syllabic' text setting means:
One note per syllable
Alternating between fast and slow rhythms in each syllable
Two or three notes per syllable
Many notes per syllable
37
What is 'contrafactum'?
A medieval method of polyphony
A secular song given new sacred lyrics
A Renaissance notation system
A type of instrumental music used in the Mass
38
What distinguishes 'homophony' from other textures?
All voices move independently with different rhythmic patterns
It refers to the practice of alternating chant with instrumental passages
1 main melody is supported by chords or accompanying voices moving together
It is strictly used in Renaissance sacred music
39
A 'trouvère' was:
A professional composer of sacred choral music
A medieval dance form performed at court
A type of organum featuring parallel motion
A Northern French poet-musician who composed secular songs
40
What was the 'Council of Trent's' influence on music?
It banned all instrumental music from church services
Reformed church music, promoting clarity and eliminating complex polyphony
It encouraged the widespread use of secular melodies in sacred settings
It promoted the exclusive use of chant in worship
41
Which of the following best describes 'responsorial/antiphonal/direct' performance?
A technique in which instruments alternate with a choir in sacred music
A Renaissance form of counterpoint used in madrigals
Chant style alternating b/w soloist & choir or choir and choir or single
A type of organum featuring rhythmic complexity and alternating melodies
42
Ars Subtilior
A secular polyphonic style that developed in Germany
A form of plainchant that influenced the development of the Mass
Late medieval style known for extreme rhythmic and notational complexity
A movement of sacred choral music emphasizing simplicity
43
A 'jongleur' was:
A traveling musician and entertainer in medieval Europe
A court musician who only performed sacred music
A type of organist who performed in cathedrals
A composer who specialized in liturgical chant
44
motet
late medieval polyphonic vocal composition w/ sacred text. 3 voice + tenor
A type of plainchant sung in unison
A monophonic song with a repeating refrain
A secular French song from the Renaissance
45
double leading-tone cadence
A cadence that resolves through a chromatic voice leading process
A cadence used in medieval sacred music involving repetition of the tonic
A cadence where two voices move to a tonic chord from different directions
A cadence that features a jump in pitch between the leading tone and tonic
46
Proper
The part of the Mass that changes depending on the feast or occasion
Portion of the Mass that remains unchanged throughout the liturgical year
A musical setting of secular poetry with religious themes
A type of organum with freely composed counterpoint
47
A 'cantus firmus/tenor mass' is:
A secular mass performed in courtly settings
A mass that features new, freely composed melodies in each movement
Mass where the same pre-existing melody is used as foundation throughout
A mass composed entirely in imitative polyphony
48
Which of the following best defines 'fauxbourdon'?
A method of text declamation in Renaissance madrigals
A rhythmic mode used in early motets
technique where 2 composed voices join by a unwritten, parallel third voice
A compositional technique used exclusively in secular music
49
Medieval' ("Middle Ages")
The period b/w fall of the Roman Empire + the beginning of the Renaissance
The era of classical Greece and Rome, influencing music
A modern movement focused on vocal polyphony and counterpoint
A period of history marked by the rise of humanism + individual expression
50
Franconian notation
A medieval system of notation using square-shaped neumes
A Renaissance system for indicating vocal parts in choral music
A form of Gregorian chant notation in use during the Reformation
A 13th-century notation that allowed for representation of rhythm in music
51
A 'sequence' is:
A repeating rhythmic pattern in a motet
A passage of chant used only during Lent
A type of melismatic chant that follows the Alleluia in the Mass
A type of madrigal characterized by word painting
52
plainchant/chant
A secular choral song sung in the vernacular
A type of rhythmic pattern used in secular folk music
A form of liturgical chant that uses simple, monophonic melodies
A style of Gregorian chant with complex harmonies
53
What is 'organum' in medieval music?
A rhythmic pattern used in medieval motets
A dance genre performed at medieval festivals
A form of instrumental music from the Renaissance
A type of early polyphony that adds voices to a chant melody
54
doctrine of imitation
A medieval approach to composing music that mimics earlier styles
The Renaissance practice of copying the work of ancient Greek philosophers
music can imitate emotions + behaviors influencing character of listener
A technique in Gregorian chant, involves repeating the same melodic pattern
55
A 'chorale' is:
A type of medieval instrumental dance
A form of Renaissance court music
A congregational hymn associated with Lutheran worship
A monophonic chant performed in monastic settings
56
What is a 'goliard song'?
A form of Gregorian chant used in monastic settings
A religious hymn used exclusively in the Divine Office
A polyphonic motet from the Renaissance
A secular Latin song, often with satirical or humorous themes
57
imitative counterpoint
A technique where the bass remains constant while upper voices move freely
A type of rhythmic mode used in motet compositions
A system of plainchant notation using early rhythmic symbols
A technique where voices enter one after another, copying the same melody
58
An 'imitation mass' is:
A mass that borrows material from a polyphonic chanson or motet
A mass written exclusively for instrumental performance
A mass featuring only responsorial chant
A mass written in strict homophony
59
ballata
A type of sacred organum from the Middle Ages
An Italian secular song with a refrain, common in the Trecento
A type of Gregorian chant with syllabic text setting
A fixed-form song from the French Ars Nova period
60
Isorhythm
A method of organizing pitch in medieval counterpoint
A style of Gregorian chant that uses complex ornamentation
repetition of specific rhythmic pattern with a diff. melodic pattern
A technique of repeating rhythmic patterns with different melodies
61
'Florid organum' is characterized by:
A completely monophonic texture
A strict, note-against-note harmonic structure
A highly ornamented upper voice moving over a sustained lower chant
A repetitive rhythmic structure in all voices
62
Renaissance
The 14th century, marked by Ars Nova developments
The 9th and 10th centuries, when Gregorian chant was formalized
The 15th + 16th centuries, characterized by humanism + increased polyphony
The 17th century, dominated by the Baroque style

Music History 1 - Terms Flashcards | StudBud