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Immuno 1st Exam
Immuno 1st Exam
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Questions
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1
What is defined as not recognizing a self antigen from the body?
Resistance
Tolerance
Recollection
Memory
2
What complement proteins are anaphylatoxins?
C4b
C5a
C2b
C3a
3
Which of the following is a primary granule in neutrophils?
Myeloperoxidase
Hydrolases
Collagenase
Lactoferrin
4
Which of the following is an example of a hapten-carrier complex?
Acetaminophen
Penicilloyl-albumin
Poison Ivy Toxin
Ibuprofen-albuterol
5
Which of the following is a major function of a dendritic cell?
Process exogenous antigens
Serve as a sentinel cell
Upregulated the expression of MHC II
Regulate adaptive immunity by secreting cytokines
6
What leukocyte has a halflife about 8-10 hours?
Red Blood Cells
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Neutrophil
7
Where do all immune cells originate?
The thymus or a lymph node
The Spleen
The Liver
Bone Marrow
8
Which is a cardinal sign of inflammation?
An increase in activity level.
Redness
A lack of temperature due to reduced bloodflow
Pain
9
Which of the following cells can recycle their granules and become an antigen-presenting cell?
Macrophages
Neutrophils
10
Which is an example of a PRR?
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors
Hyaluronic acid
Bacterial DNA
Rig Receptors
11
What is any substance foreign to the body that causes an immune response?
Antibody
Antigen
Pathogen
Cytokine
12
Which of the following is a major cytokine in adaptive immunity that causes B-cell differentiation?
IL-13
IL-4
IL-5
IL-2
13
Which of the following is an example of an autoantigen?
Hylauronic Acid
Actin
Thyroglobulin
Myelin
14
Where is the majority of lymphocytes located within the body?
25% are located in non-lymphatic or intestinal tissues
45% are located in the spleen to aid in blood cleaning
50% are located in blood circulation
40% of them are locaed in the lymph nodes
15
What is the optimal number of MHC loci?
2
8
6
4
16
Which of the following is an example of a bacterial foreign macromolecule?
Capsid
Capsular antigens
Pili
Peptidoglycans
17
Which of the following is a component of innate immunity?
Utilizes Immunoglobulin
Physical barriers
Humoral immunityy
Cell mediated immunity
18
What immunoglobulins have to be paired up to start the classical pathway of complement?
1 IgG and 1 IgM
1 IgH and 1 IgN
2 IgM
2 IgG
19
What is a protein meesenger molecule that can act on the same cell that produced it or other cells?
Immunoglobulin
Antibody
Interferon
Cytokine
20
Which is the worst antigen-presenting cell?
Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
B-Cells
T-Cells
21
Which of the following is not a way complement contributes to eliminating microbes?
Activating Myeloperoxidase
Opsonization
Stimulation of inflammatory responses
MACs lysing cells
22
Which pathway utilizes longer amino acid chains?
Exogenous
Endogenous
23
Which of the following are professional phagocytes?
Macrophages
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Monocytes
24
Which of the following is TLR on the cell surface?
TLR 1
TLR 8
TLR 12
TLR 6
25
Which of the following molecules do Neutrophils use to prevent engulfment by macrophages?
CD30
CB29
CD31
CB28
26
Which of the following are sentinel cells?
Mast Cells
Dendritic Cells
Macrophages
T-Cells
27
What complement proteins are recruited by C5b to make the membrane attack complex?
C6
C10
C7
C9
28
Which of the following is not a pathway that triggers a cytokine release?
Antigens
PAMPs
Antibodies
DAMPs
29
Which is a mechanism that pathogen can be recognized by sentinel cells?
PAMPs from Pathogen
DAMPs from the host's cells
DAMPs from the Pathogen
PAMPs from the Host's cells
30
Which of the following TLR's detect bacterial and viral proteins, lipoproteins, and LPS?
TLR 5
TLR 10
TLR 3
TLR 1
31
Which of the following are important for the repair of inflamed tissue?
M2 Macrophages
M1 Macrophages
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
32
Which of the following is a secondary lymphoid organ?
Lymph node
Thymus
Bone Marrow
Tonsils
33
What is the molecule that aids in activation of cytokines and slowing of neutrophils?
Adhesions
Adherences
Integrin
Addressins
34
Which is a main arm of the adaptive response?
PAMPs
DAMPs
Natural Killer cells
Humoral immunity
35
What leukocyte is important in an allergy and parasitic infection?
Basophils
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
36
What protein cuts a peptide into 9 amino acids long pieces which are small enough for an MHC Class I to bind to?
Ubiquitin
Proteosome-ase
Transporter for Antigen Processing (TAP)
ER-resident aminopeptidase (ERAP)
37
What is the antisticking molecule cleaved by the elastase released from endothelial cells?
Leukosialin
Leukostayin
Leukostation
Leukostatin
38
Which of the following is a property of MHC II?
It is located in most nucleated cells.
Present antigen to T-Helper cells.
It is only located in B-cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
Results in T-cell-mediated toxicity.
39
Which of the types of immunity utilizes B-Cells?
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity
40
Which of the following is a difference between follicular dendritic cells and other dendritic cells?
FDCs carry many complement proteins
FDCs migrate
FDCs lack MHC II molecules on their surface
FDCs are located in lymphoid follicles
41
Which of the following is an example of PAMPs?
Mitochondria
Bacterial peptidoglycans
Heat Shock Proteins
Viral Nucleic Acids
42
Which is a pro-inflammatory cytokines?
IL-1
IL-6
IL-12
TNFalpha
43
Which of the following is a property of mature dendritic cells?
Low surface MHC II
High CD40, 80, 86
Low IL-12
High intracellular MCH II
44
Any molecule with a molecular weight of less than 1 kilodalton makes a good antigen.
True
False
45
Langerhans cells are specialized dendritic cells in the skin.
True
False
46
What is the molecule that regulates the alternative pathway and protects the normal body cells?
Factor G
Factor P
Factor H
Factor B
47
Which of the following is a cytokine that stimulates platelet production?
IL-5
IL-3
Thrombopoietin
IL-11
48
Which of the following is a major cytokine in innate immunity that has antiviral activity?
IL-6
Type I interferons
TNF-alpha
IL-12
49
What is the correct sequence of events in phagocytosis?
Adherence, Ingestion, Chemotaxis, Destruction, Egestion
Adherence, Ingestion, Chemotaxis, Egestion, Destruction
Chemotaxis, Adherence, Ingestion, Egestion, Destruction
Chemotaxis, Adherence, Ingestion, Destruction, Egestion
50
Which of the following is a clinical sign and effect of proinflammatory cytokines at high quantities?
loss of appetite from effects on hypothalamus
Local inflammation
Thrombosis
Low cardiac output
51
Which is an example of DAMPs?
HMGB1
TLRs
Mitochondria
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides
52
Which of the following is NOT a property of a cytokine?
Growth factors are an example of a cytokine.
It is a secreted second messenger protein.
It regulates the intensity of immune responses.
It is ligand-mediated.
53
Which of the initiations to the complement system is a part of adaptive immunity?
The Hip-Hop Pathway
The Classical Pathway
The Alternative Pathway
The MBL Pathway
54
Which MHC haplotype is associated with resistance to mastitis?
ELA-A15
ELA-A3
BoLA-A*16
BoLA-Aw7
55
What type of leukocyte is a B-cell and T-Cell an example of?
Lymphocyte
Basophil
Monocyte
Neutrophil
56
True or False: The afferent lymph is headed towards the next lymph node from the current one.
False
True
57
Which of the types of immunity offers immediate protection and action?
Adaptive Immunity
Innate Immunity
58
Is the exogenous pathway or endogenous pathway the way the MHC II presents the antigen to a T-helper cell?
Endogenous
Exogenous
59
What is the main role of endothelial cells in the immune response?
They aid in the separation of leukocytes from healthy tissues of "self."
They are chemotaxic and provide areas of escape for leukocytes.
They play no role in the immune response.
They contain addressins that regulate leukocyte traffic.
60
Which of the following initiation pathways respond to PAMPs exclusively?
Convergece
The Alternative Pathway
The Classic Pathway
The MBL Pathway
61
Which of the immune cells come from the myeloid lineage of cells?
Eosinophils
Plasma Cells
T-Cells
Natural Killer Cells
62
Which of the following is a essential role of inflammation?
Generate heat to kill the microbe.
Delivers molecules and cells to help macrophages in killing the invaders.
Provide a physical barrier to prevent the spread of the infection.
Promote the repair of injured tissue
