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Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
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1
Which statement explains the role of Islam in the development of the Scientific Revolution?
Islamic rulers in Europe provided funding for scientific research
Muslim thinkers developed and perfected the modern scientific method
Islamic artists developed geometric forms that influenced European thinkers
Muslim scholars preserved the influential works of the Greek thinkers
2
The
Encyclopedie
was published to
spread Enlightenment ideas as widely as possible
propose a new plan of government for France
inspire peasants to rise up against the ruling class
improve the study of literature by the middle class
3
What was the main difference between the theories of Johannes Kepler and Nicolaus Copernicus?
the celestial body at the center of the universe
the shape of the planetary orbits
the importance of testing predictions
the reason for the apparent rising and setting of the sun
4
Which Enlightenment figure did the most to spread the ideas of other Enlightenment writers?
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Denis Dederot
5
The work of Nicolaus Copernicus had the most direct influence on the work of
Leonardo da Vinci
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton
Johannes Kepler
6
The Scientific Revolution resulted in which change in European society?
the rise of a new group of political and religious leaders
the formation of a worldview that challenged tradition
a decreased gap between the rich and the poor
a shift from religious art to personal and political art
7
Which Enlightenment thinker produced plays and poems, as well as historical and philosophical essays?
John Locke
Montesquieu
Immanuel Kant
Voltaire
8
The Scientific Revolution most directly resulted in challenges to
perceived ideas about the universe
humanistic philosophies
non democratic governments
claims made by historians
9
The Catholic Church considered some thinkers of the Scientific Revolution to be heretics because they
challenged established scientific knowledge
believed science was the highest moral authority
provided explanations for the workings of nature
questioned claims made in biblical passages
10
John Locke's central political value was
the protection of individual rights
ensuring an equal distribution of wealth
the empowerment of the majority of people
designing governments around biblical teachings
11
The central value of the Scientific Revolution was
rational thought
religious faith
biblical knowledge
traditional belief
12
During the Scientific Revolution, European scientists focused their work on explaining
the effects of society on the individual
the working of the natural world
the presence of the divine in nature
the workings of advanced technologies
13
Which label best replaces the question mark in the diagram?
Buddhism and Confucianism
Scientific Revolution
Islamic philosophy
American and French Revolutions
14
How were
The Spirit of the Laws
and
Two Treatises on Government
similar?
Both analyzed the functions and organization of government.
Both argued for religious tolerance and freedom of speech.
Both claimed that conflict between people was inevitable.
Both recommended a strong central leader.
15
Immanuel Kant's main writings centered on which question?
How should a democratic society be organized?
How do humans react to new technological innovations?
How do humans learn about the way the world works?
How can religious ideas be proven rationally?
16
Which accomplishment best replaces the question mark in the diagram?
made discoveries in optics
improved the telescope
invented the balance scale
proposed the heliocentric model
17
Montesquieu's main area of investigation was
ancient history
methods of education
political organization
human knowledge
18
Which activity was central to process of learning that was developed during the Scientific Revolution?
analyzing government documents
constructing the past
observing the physical universe
explaining the past
19
The concept of individualism was most central to the political ideas of
John Locke
Montesquieu
Immanuel Kant
Thomas Hobbes
20
Isaac Newton's most important contribution to the Scientific Revolution was
creating the three laws of motion
developing the first telescope
explaining the movement of the planets
designing a new model for the universe
21
Copernicus' main scientific concern was
discovering the origins of the universe
demonstrating the importance of theory and calculation over observation
supporting the claims of religious faith scientific theory
resolving problems in the dominant model of the universe
22
Johannes Kepler's most lasting contribution to modern science was his claim that
the study of music and mathematics are related
planets obey regular laws of motion
the sun is the center of the solar system
gravity is the most powerful force
23
Which question reveals the central focus for the early investigations that fueled the Scientific Revolution?
How did God create the world?
What is the relationship between man and the gods?
How do physical objects move around the universe?
How did humans learn new information?
