Confusing Pairs 2025 new CED

When someone gives a better speech in front of others compared to when they practiced at home

specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles/skin/glands

Using glitz and glamour and maybe a celebrity endorsement to convince someone

The major excitatory neurotransmitter (makes neurons fire); too much = migraines

For every 3 cars that Ted sells, he gets a $1000 bonus.

Inability to make new memories

paraniod delusions, hallucinations, and erratic emotions or behaviors

level of stimulation required to detect stimulus 50% of the time

when you attempt to alleviate stress by changing your behavior

a condition where distant objects appear clearer than objects close up

readiness to perceive one's self favorably

data that gives descriptions

It's caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath which slows movement

studying the same group of people over 60 years

Indicates whether an observed result is likely due to chance

Multiple Personalities

A woman performs worse on her SAT after the proctor says that women don't test well on the SAT

Making a decision based on what first comes to mind

The way words are arranged (white house v. casa blanca)

If you take 3 IQ tests and the scores are about the same. The test is:

It's made up of the axons (the myelin sheaths that protect them give it this color)

A Big Five trait; organized, careful and disciplined

Deciding a person who reads poetry is more likely to be a professor than a truck driver

In operant conditioning, it will strengthen the behavior

You notice this when you have a cold, and your food doesn't taste right because you can't smell it

a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events

The outer surface of the brain; fissures/wrinkles increases surface area of brain

After the neuron fires, it must rest and reset (repolarize).

Removing something unpleasant to encourage the behavior (like a headache).

photoreceptor cell that lets you see in dim light and peripheral vision

I control my fate!

Chemical messenger in nervous system, fast, short-lived

Periods of depression and LOW levels of mania (hypomania)

The College Board AP Psychology Exam

In conditioning, when the learner responds to stimuli that are similar; like the dog responding to similar bell

how our brains process information based on what we already know

language: basic unit of sound

multiple choice quizzes are examples of

Blends new information into our existing schema

doing something in order to gain something you want, like cookies

Whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure (how can a test measure emotion)

when you narrow down available solutions to find the best

The neuron must rest and reset before it can fire again

This hunger hormone signals satiety (you're full/satisfied)

When someone else leaves their cart in the parking lot, they're bad; when I do it, it's only because I'm in a hurry

Each participant has an equal chance of being put into the control or experimental group

Hailey has a bad boyfriend, but they've been together for a couple of years and have a kid so she sticks it out.

In an experiment, what is the variable that is manipulated by the researcher?

I believe I can accomplish my goals if I work at it and that my efforts are important

They mimic the actions of the neurotransmitters. Ex: morphine mimicking endorphins

Part of the limbic system, it deals with hunger/satiety, fight/flight response, and sexual motivation

memory that has facts (who, what, where, when) not procedures

Learning through consequences -- negative & positive

excessive hand washing is an example of

wanting a bike but asking for a car first

Teacher thinks boy isn't smart, treats him accordingly, he doesn't do well in class

Disorder with periods of mania and depression

Money is this type of reinforcement

drugs that block the neurotransmitters on the post-synaptic neuron

Located in the frontal lobe, it helps you produce speech (move your mouth to make the words!)

Cells in the brain that protect and nourish

cognitive stage that starts in adolescence and allows people to think abstractly

The neuron is polarized and waiting to reach threshold

acquired knowledge over time, increases with age

You live by the airport and you no longer hear the airplanes every 15 minutes.

"fight or flight" response system

giving priority to the goals of one's group

brain area that stimulates feeding behaviors (eating)

Symptoms are perfectionism, rule following, need for control

Same fertilized egg; monozygote. Vital for studies in nature v. nurture.

Which one is termed as a "shortcut" & usually speedier, but can be inaccurate?

receives no "treatment" or receives a placebo

your opinion may grow stronger after a group discussion with like-minded people

Remembering the last items on a list you memorized

Failure to notice something added because you're focused on another task

Are the questions on the test appropriate for the goal of the test

When you wear a hat and you no longer feel it on your head

Language & logic are lateralized here

an eating disorder with a restricting diet and excessive exercise

type of parenting that leads to high self-esteem and independence in children

a type of intelligence being able understand yourself very well

Inability to remember new information because of old information or old training

choosing between two events each with undesirable features