Content Vocab Review

a complex system of writing that used both pictures and more abstract forms;

a gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage

a seasonal wind pattern in southern Asia that blows warm, moist air 

a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammed as the true rulers of Islam

the bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church

n the Roman social structure, the dominant male head of the household

a wall of shields created by foot soldiers marching close together in a rectangular formation

the most common of the various titles for ancient Egyptian monarchs

a Muslim house of worship is a mosque

in ancient Sparta, captive peoples who were forced to work for their conquerors

set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined person's occupation/economic potential

a form of drama that portrays a protagonist who is brought to ruin

a process of slowly drying a dead body to prevent it from decaying

the early Greek city-state

the major Indian religious system

in the early Greek military system, heavily armed foot soldiers

ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul

the practice of living the life of a monk

government by the people

the separation between the two great branches of Christianity

a sacred shrine where a god or goddess was said to reveal the future through a priest

a person who travels to a shrine or other holy place

government by a sovereign ruler such as a king or queen

Christian rites

a heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare

a religious doctrine introduced northern India in the sixth century B.C. by Siddhārtha Gautama

a grant of land made to a vassal

an administrative organization that relies on nonelective officials and regular procedures

tracing lineage through the father

 a form of government in which a small group of people exercises controls

monotheistic religion that emerged in the Arabian Peninsula during the seventh century A.D.

the holy scriptures of the religion of Islam

an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the positions of stars

a high government official in ancient Egypt or in Muslim countries

the head of a convent

a mixed African-Arabic culture that developed along the east coast of Africa

political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages

an absolute ruler

the "Great Charter" of rights, which King John was forced to sign by the English nobles

a peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services, pay rents

a city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

the tower of a mosque from which calls to the faithful to prayer five times a day

the crier who calls the Muslim faithful to prayer from mosque

a massive stepped tower on which was built a temple

a business association associated with a particular trade or craft

the first writing system of the Aryans, developed around 1000 B.C.

one of the three classes into which French society was divided before the revolution

an organized system of thought

a ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats

he journey of Muhammad and his followers to Madinah in 622

person who domesticates animals for food and clothing and moves along regular migratory routes

tracing lineage through the mother rather than the father

 route between the Roman Empire and China

philosophy human beings are evil by nature;can only be brought to the correct path by harsh law

a special class of African storytellers who help keep alive a people's history

a means of determining guilt in Germanic law, based on the idea of divine intervention

dominated by men

the ideal of civilized behavior that developed among the nobility

 law code drawn up by Muslim scholars after Muhammad's death

Arabic for "God"

the governor of a province of the Persian Empire under Darius

a system of writing developed by the Sumerians;wedge-shaped impressions on a clay tablet

military expedition carried out by European Christiansto regain the Holy Land from the Muslims

an agricultural estate run by a lord and worked by peasants

a government by three people with equal power

church leaders

a system of ideas based on the teachings of Laozi;

the denial of basic church doctrines

an unbeliever, a term applied to the Muslims during the Crusades

the earliest known Indian literature

a character that combines two or more pictographs to represent an idea

a picture symbol, or character, that represents an object;

system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese 

 man who separates himself from ordinary human society in order to dedicate himself to God

great landowners, they formed the ruling class in the Roman Republic

a person who is believed to have the power to foretell events

 a fortified gathering place at the top of a hill

a pilgrimage to Makkah

in Hinduism, the divine law that rules karma

having many gods

the force generated by a person's actions

the ruler of an Arabic tribe, chosen from one of the leading families by a council of elders

having one god

a medieval philosophical and theological system that tried to reconcile faith and reason

claim by Chinese kings of the Zhou dynasty that they had direct authority from heaven

a family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family

government by divine authority

 a member of the heavily armored cavalry

an upper class whose wealth is based on land

an extended family unit that has combined into a larger community

And......go

 a man who served a lord in a military capacity

a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, that controls many peoples 

in the Roman Republic, a social class made up of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants

a system of government in which the people participate directly in government

a successor of Muhammad as spiritual and temporal leader of the Muslims

in thirteenth-century England, the representative government that emerged

the rebirth of an individual's soul in a different form after death

a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of the Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam

"struggle in the way of God"