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Unit 4 Review- Earth Science + Review of Unit 3, Parts 4-8 (24-25) + Review of Unit 3, Parts 1- Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 4 Review- Earth Science + Review of Unit 3, Parts 4-8 (24-25) + Review of Unit 3, Parts 1-
Unit 4 Review- Earth Science + Review of Unit 3, Parts 4-8 (24-25) + Review of Unit 3, Parts 1-
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2nd Semester Final Exam Review ES
Flashcards
90 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
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Questions
90
Answers
1
Climate change is caused by
both humans and nature
aliens from Mars
humans only
nature only
2
Which of these surfaces would have the highest solar insolation?
Sand
Snow/Ice
Asphalt
Mud
3
How old do scientists believe the Earth is?
1 billion years
4.6 billion years
1 million years
6 billion year
4
What common factor contributed to Earth's five major mass extinctions?
Magnetic Reversal
Solar flares
Climate change
Meteor striking the Earth
5
Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce your greenhouse gas emissions?
Turn off the TV when not in use.
Eat more fast food.
Unplug phone chargers when not in use.
Ride your bike instead of driving your car.
6
The picture is an example of what kind of plate boundary?
Transform
Divergent
Convergent
Uplifting
7
What is the type of weathering in which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces (sediments)?
mechanical weathering
chemical weathering
Acid weathering
gravity weathering
8
Earth’s atmosphere today contains more ____ than any other substances.
helium and oxygen
carbon and nitrogen
nitrogen and oxygen
hydrogen and nitrogen
9
Which of the following describes how water mechanically breaks down rocks?
All of the above
Acids in water react with chemicals in the rock
Water expands when it freezes (ice wedging)
Water does not break down rocks
10
The deepest parts of the ocean are the _________.
trenches
None of the above; the seafloor is flat & unchanging
locations of seafloor spreading
ridges
11
Burning fossil fuels contributes to global warming by:
adding large amounts of acid to the atmosphere
adding large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
adding large amounts of sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere
adding large amounts of calcium carbonate to the atmosphere
12
The following is a picture of a(n) ____________.
convection current
rain shadow effect
electromagnetic spectrum
prevailing wind
13
What is NOT true at an Oceanic-Continental plate boundary?
Crust is recycled
Subduction of the less dense plate
Earthquakes occur
Volcanic mountains form on the less dense plate.
14
What plate boundaries are responsible for earthquakes?
Convergent
Transform
All of them
Divergent
15
Human activity is upsetting the balance of the carbon cycle.
True
False
16
Which of these surfaces would have the highest albedo?
Mud
Snow/Ice
Asphalt
Sand
17
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
Wind moving sand over land and wearing away rocks over time.
Rocks falling down a mountain and breaking into smaller pieces.
Acids produced by lichens on a rock, slowly changing the rock.
Water freezing and thawing, causing cracks to form in rocks.
18
A subduction zone is where two plate do what?
Collide and one is pushed under and recycled.
Separate and form new continents.
Spread apart to form new crust.
Collide and form rift valleys.
19
Which of the fossil layers is the
oldest
?
A
D
C
B
20
Ozone in Earth’s atmosphere is important because it...
helps clouds form.
absorbs harmful pollution.
causes rain to fall.
absorbs harmful radiation.
21
The Giant Impact Theory describes the formation of.....
The Sun
The Moon
The Earth
None of the Above
22
What is causing the climate change we are experiencing today?
Changes in Earth's natural cycles.
Increased solar radiation from the sun.
The climate is not changing today.
Humans burning fossil fuels for energy.
23
Early Earth, during the Hadean Eon, may be described as.....
cold, an atmosphere with oxygen, and no volcanoes
hot, an atmosphere with hydrogen & helium, lots of volcanoes
cold, dry, and full of living things
hot, wet, full of living things
24
What biological process adds oxygen to our atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
Volcanic eruptions
Digestion in cows
Cellular respiration (animals breathing it out)
25
Which arrow represents
infiltration
?
C
B
E
A
26
How does water chemically break down rocks?
Chemicals in water react with chemicals in the rock
Water expands when it freezes (ice wedging)
Materials in the water are deposited
All of the above
27
The age of crust near a mid-ocean ridge is _________ than crust near a trench.
older
there is no way to compare them
the same age
younger
28
From which Eon do scientists find the most fossils and why?
Phanerozoic Eon because it had a lot of living organisms.
Precambrian because it had a ton of living organisms.
Precambrian because it is the Eon we are currently in.
Phanerozoic Eon because it is the longest eon.
29
The surface of the Earth is called the:
Outer Core
Lithosphere/crust
Mantle
Inner Core
30
What type of feedback loop is shown in the picture?
Negative
None of the above
Moderate
Positive
31
The _______ dense plate always subducts beneath the ______ dense plate.
less, more
more, less
32
Underwater mountain chain where the seafloor is spreading is called what?
Trenches
Subduction Zones
Mid-Ocean Ridges
Magnetic Reversals
33
How do scientists know about the structure of the Earth’s interior?
By Lowering Cameras
Used An Elevator
Using Meter Sticks
Seismic Waves from Earthquakes
34
What happens to air temperature as altitude increases?
It decreases.
It depends on the weather.
It doesn't change.
It increases.
35
Why is the cryosphere important to Earth?
It is an important drinking water source for humans.
It blocks UV radiation from the sun.
It reflects heat energy from the sun, helping to regulate temperatures.
It is the driving force behind the water cycle.
36
The unequal heating of Earth causes....
Convection currents in the oceans
Prevailing winds
Convection currents in the atmosphere
All of the above
37
The theory that explains that everything in the solar system formed from a nebula.
Nebular Theory
Law of Conservation of Mass
Giant Impact Theory
Cambrian Explosion
38
The depth of the water table never fluctuates (changes).
True
False
39
Which is not an example of a fossil fuel?
Natural Gas
Coal
Wood
Oil
40
Why are the oceans important?
Provide oxygen
All of the above
They act as a carbon sink, absorbing a lot of CO2 from the atmosphere
They regulate the Earth's weather & climate
41
Scientists have learned about the layers within the Earth by......
studying ocean waves
studying Alfred Wegener's evidence
studying earthquake (seismic) waves
digging through the layers and taking samples
42
Which is a reason for the importance of wetlands?
control flooding
provide habitat for wildlife
all of the above
filter pollutants out of water
43
Which location is receiving the most direct sunlight?
B
C
A
D
44
Climate for a region is determined by averaging weather data for how long?
5 years
15 years
100 years
30 years
45
Which sentence BEST describes EROSION?
oxidation forming rust
movement of sediments from one place to another
acid rain causing chemical weathering
water freezing, thawing, and breaking rocks
46
What causes the movement of sediments from one location to another?
all of the above
glaciers (ice)
water
wind
47
Which is an impact of increased greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere?
All of the above
Increased temperatures
Arctic Sea Ice is declining.
Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency.
48
Where does
MOST
of the water in the atmosphere come from?
Animals
Space
Evaporation from surface water
Transpiration from plants
49
What type of rock is represented by #1 in the diagram?
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
None of the above
50
What is one way that carbon dioxide
leaves
the atmosphere?
Through combustion of fossil fuels
Through cutting down forests
Through photosynthesis
Through cellular respiration
51
Which of the following changes over time?
Earth's orbit
All of the above
Earth's climate
Earth's Tilt
52
Which could be evidence of a transform boundary?
split (offset) fence
earthquakes
all of the above
split (offset) train tracks
53
What gas do plants remove from the atmosphere?
Helium
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
54
Climate change today is happening must slower than in the past.
True
False
55
Which of the following lists the units of geologic time in order from
longest
to
shortest
?
eon, era, period, epoch
epoch, period, era, eon
epoch, eon, period, era
era, eon, period, epoch
56
Which arrow represents
condensation
?
F
E
A
B
57
According to the Giant Impact Theory, the moon was formed by....
a large volcanic eruption
The Cambrian Explosion
the collision between Theia and the Earth
an asteroid captured by Earth's gravity
58
The driving force of the water cycle is....
the sun
magnetism
gravity
glaciers
59
Where is carbon found on Earth?
In the atmosphere
In rocks
All of the above
In living things
60
Which could be evidence of a convergent continental-continental plate boundary?
continental mountains
earthquakes
volcanic mountains
a trench
61
Oxygen first entered Earth's atmosphere from
Trees
The moon
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
The ocean
62
_____________ is evidence that Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago.
minerals 4.4 byo (Zircon)
meteorites 4.7 byo
moon samples 4.5 byo
rock 4.28 byo
63
Withdrawing groundwater faster than it can be recharged can lead to...
all of the above
land subsidence.
structural damage to buildings
the inability to irrigate crops in the future.
64
What is an aquifer?
An underground body of water
A man-made lake
A type of glacier
Water stored inside a tree
65
To what does the Cambrian “explosion” refer?
the abrupt increase in volcanic activity during the Cambrian
the abrupt heating of Earth during the Cambrian
the increase of life-forms and diversity during the Cambrian
the giant meteor that struck Earth during the Cambrian
66
By far, most of the
freshwater
on Earth is...
in aquifers
in lakes
frozen in glaciers
in oceans
67
Which of the following are causes of climate?
All of the above
Latitude
Altitude
Proximity to large body of water
68
What type of rock is represented by #2 in the diagram?
Metamorphic
None of the above
Sedimentary
Igneous
69
In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants should be ___________ the mass of the products.
equal to
greater than
less than
it is impossible to know this
70
The temperate climate zone is characterized by....
Locations between the equator (0°) and 23.5° North & South
Very high amounts of precipitation
Seasons (variation in temperatures)
Very low temperatures year-round
71
"It's going to be rainy today" is a statement about....
Weather
Climate
Oceanicity
Latitude
72
The process of breaking down rock into sediments is called
Abrasion
Erosion
Mining
Weathering
73
Which was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his theory of continental drift?
matching fossils
sonar data
glacier evidence
matching coastlines
74
A metal trash can is covered with rust. What type of weathering caused this?
mechanical weathering
erosion weathering
wind weathering
chemical weathering
75
Which arrow represents
precipitation
?
F
E
B
A
76
Which explains unequal heating of the Earth?
There is no unequal heating of the Earth
Water absorbs more energy from the sun than land.
The equator of the Earth is closer to the sun than the poles.
Sunlight hits the Earth more directly near the equator than the poles.
77
What type of feedback loop is shown in the picture?
Moderate
None of the above
Negative
Positive
78
The long-term average of variations in weather for a particular area.
Climate
Coriolis Effect
The Greenhouse Effect
The Global Conveyor Belt
79
What type of rock is represented by #3 in the diagram?
None of the above
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
80
Which location would probably receive the
least
amount of precipitation?
D
B
A
C
81
What might scientists use to determine when a geologic time period starts or ends?
The appearance of something new
Mass extinctions
The disappearance of something major
All of the above
82
The picture is an example of what kind of plate boundary?
Transform
Breakage
Convergent
Divergent
83
Climate change includes
both long and short-term changes
only short-term changes
only long-term changes
only human causes
84
Identify the eon, era, period, and epoch in which you live.
Phanerozoic, Cenozoic, Quaternary, Miocene
Precambrian, Cenozoic, Quaternary, Holocene
Precambrian, Cenozoic, Quaternary, Pleistocene
Phanerozoic, Cenozoic, Quaternary, Holocene
85
In a chemical reaction, the number of atoms in the reactants should be ___________ the number of atoms in the products.
greater than
it is impossible to know this
less than
equal to
86
What is one way that carbon dioxide
enters
the atmosphere?
Through cellular respiration
Through photosynthesis
Through rock formation
Through the formation of fossil fuels
87
Which is an example of convection?
hot air in an oven causing cookies to bake
the warmth you feel when holding a puppy
the warmth you feel from a campfire
sunlight making its way to Earth
88
Which is an example of radiation?
the warmth you feel from a campfire
hot air in an oven causing cookies to bake
sunlight making its way to Earth
the warmth you feel when holding a puppy
89
The shaded area of which graph shows the percentage of geologic time that was the Precambrian?
A
D
B
C
90
Which type of rock is formed through compaction & cementation of sediments?
Sedimentary
None of the above
Metamorphic
Igneous
