Organic Evolution

The fossil record is biased because soft-bodies are not preserved.

individuals specialized to use different parts of ecosystem

Transformational evolution believed changed traits would be passed to offspring.

Who came up with the Principle of Uniformitarianism?

small subset of members starts new population elsewhere

What year did Darwin publish his famous book “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”

Darwin took his ideas from Thomas Malthus’ essay on populations

Select all the ways that evolution occurs

Vicariance is a fragmentation of habitat causes speciation

rapid diversification from an ancestral species within a “short” interval (a few million years)

Select all of Darwin's Five Theories

Punctuated Equilibrium: evolutionary change occurs in brief events of branching followed by long intervals of stasis

geographic barriers cause reproductive barriers

Who came up with the Transformational Concept of Evolution?

difference in timing/duration of a developmental phase compared to ancestors (fish/frog)

what are the two ideas behind the Principle of Uniformitarianism?

A character derived from common ancestry

Change occurs in very small steps

genetic variation and change within a population or species

intermediate between allopatric and sympatric; maintain some contact along border

Who hypothesized that many animals share similar early developmental stages, more so than later stages

difference of physical location of a structure or developmental process in an organism’s body plan

speciation without geographic barriers

The theory of common descent says that all organisms descended from the same common ancestor

According to the Theory of Perpetual Change, the average animal species survives _______ years.

change over large scales of geological time

The theory of perpetual changes says that the world is perpetually cycling

new traits established in a population through generations, from a few individuals to majority of population

variation among individuals in a population is the basis for evolution