Which of the following factors influence the fluoro tabletop exposure rate? (select three)

kVp, Target to panel distance, Filtration

Why is a compensating filter helpful in x-raying the shoulder?

Compensates for the large difference in part thickness and tissue density

What is the CR point for a PA projection of the barium-filled large intestine of a sthenic patient?

MSP at the level of the iliac crests

If cumulative air kerma or air kerma area product data are not available, which two can be used?

number of images taken, cumulative exposure time

What is the main advantage of taking small bowel series abdomen images with the patient in the prone position?

Compresses abdominal contents and separates bowel loops

What is the correct placement for a techs primary personnel dosimeter during fluoro?

Over the lead apron, at the collar level

What is the primary purpose of using AEC?

provide an appropriate IR exposure

In the imaging department, lidocaine is often used to:

provide a topical anesthetic for invasive procedures

On a lateral knee x-ray, what is a to prevent the joint space from being obscured by shadow of medial femoral condyle?

Angle the CR 5 degrees cephalad

Dynamic Range is defined as the:

accurately capture a wide range of photon intensifies that exit the patient

Within DR, bit depth defines the:

total number of gray shades that can be produced by the digital system

a Jones fracture is associated with which of the following bony structures?

tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal

What effect does decreasing the primary beam field size have on the amount of scatter radiation produced?

Decreases amount of scatter radiation produced

Which of the following would be an acceptable treatment for a patient suffering from epistaxis?

tilt head forward and breathe through the mouth

General term for legal documents describing a person's wishes if they become unable to make decisions about care is:

Advanced Health Care Directives

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Mock Exam 2

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Questions 200

Answers

1
Assuming there are no other technical changes, using a grid has what effect on IR exposure?
No change in IR exposure
Decreased IR exposure
Increased IR exposure
2
Sterilization using an autoclave involves the use of:
Pressurized steam
High-temperature dry heat
Radiation
Pasteurization
3
The first cervical vertebra is commonly known as the:
Odontoid
Vertebra prominens
Atlas
Axis
4
The bony process on the proximal, medial side of the femur is known as the:
Intertrochanteric crest
Fovea capitis
Lesser trochanter
Greater trochanter
5
During Compton interactions, the incident x-ray photons interacts with what portion of an atom?
Inner shell electrons
K-shell electron
outer shell electron
Atomic nucleus
6
The preferred fluoro technique utilizes:
low kVp and low mAs
low kVp and high mAs
high kVp and high mAs
high kVp and low mAs
7
DNR orders are specific instructions regarding CPR, intubation, and what other life-saving measure?
IV medication
Feeding tube placement
Oxygen delivery
Defibrillation
8
Which of the following factors influence the fluoro tabletop exposure rate? (select three)
kVp
Position of the table
Target to panel distance
Filtration
9
Where should the CR enter for a PA projection of the finger?
MCP joint
DIP joint
CMC joint
PIP joint
10
Anoxia refers to a cell having:
Increased oxygen
Too much oxygen
Decreased oxygen
No oxygen
11
Why is a compensating filter helpful in x-raying the shoulder?
Compensates for the large difference in part thickness and tissue density
Protects the patient from low energy x-ray photons
Creates higher contrast images
Creates narrower exposure latitude
12
If the FOV remains unchanged, as the matrix size increases, the pixel size:
Increases
Remains the same
Decreases
13
What is the appropriate CR angulation for an AP axial foot x-ray on a patient with a very high arch?
5 degrees
15 degrees
0 degrees
10 degrees
14
What is the greatest source of scatter radiation during fluoro procedures?
Patient
Tabletop
Image Intensifier
Tube housing
15
Heparin and Coumadin are examples of what type of drug?
Antiemetics
Antiarrhythmics
Anticoagulants
Antianxiety
16
Which of the following is the primary absorber of x-ray photons during fluoro procedures?
Image Intensifier
Table
Primary barrier
Patient
17
The primary barriers in an x-ray room must have a thickness of:
1/16" (1.6 mm) lead equivalent
1/32" (0.8 mm) lead equivalent
1/32" (0.8 mm) aluminum equivalent
1/16" (1.6 mm) aluminum equivalent
18
When positioning an elbow for an AP projection, what is the relationship between the humeral epicondyles and the IR?
45 degrees externally rotated on the IR
parallel to the IR
45 degrees internally rotated on the IR
perpendicular to the IR
19
A reduction in the normal number of erythrocytes circulating in the blood is called:
Hyperlipidemia
Hypoglycemia
Anemia
Leukemia
20
1 Joule per kilogram (J/kg) is equal to:
1 millisievert
1 coulomb per kg
1 Gray
1 Becquerel
21
What is the CR point for a PA projection of the barium-filled large intestine of a sthenic patient?
MSP at the level of the lower rib margin
MSP at the level of the iliac crests
MSP at the level of the ASIS
MSP at the level of L1
22
If cumulative air kerma or air kerma area product data are not available, which two can be used?
number of images taken
type of procedure
cumulative exposure time
amount of contrast media used
23
What is the main advantage of taking small bowel series abdomen images with the patient in the prone position?
Compresses abdominal contents and separates bowel loops
less barium needed
more comfortable for the patient
speeds peristalsis
24
Destruction or alteration of medical records, such as a rad report, by an unauthorized person is referred to as:
Consequentialism
spoilation
contributory negligence
negligence
25
What is the correct placement for a techs primary personnel dosimeter during fluoro?
Under the lead apron, at the collar level
Over the lead apron, at the waist level
Over the lead apron, at the collar level
Under the lead apron, at the waist level
26
Which of the following is the shortest portion of the small intestines?
Pylorus
Ileum
Jejunum
Duodenum
27
The risk of cancer is estimated by calculating the:
effective dose
absorbed dose
cancer factor
weighting factor
28
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter C:
Zygomatic bone
Bony nasal septum
Maxilla
Inferior orbital margin
29
What is the primary purpose of using AEC?
provide an appropriate IR exposure
enable the use of different grid ratios
provide the highest possible spatial resolution
measure the ESE rate
30
What subatomic particle is negatively charged?
Quark
Proton
Electron
Neutron
31
Which carpal bone lies between the scaphoid and the triquetrum?
Pisiform
Trapezoid
Lunate
Capitate
32
In the imaging department, lidocaine is often used to:
relax the colon
provide a topical anesthetic for invasive procedures
provide medical asepsis for invasive procedures
counteract the effects of histamine reaction
33
What shielding material is most commonly used for PPE in radiology to protect against scatter radiation?
Aluminum
Copper
Lead
Tungsten
34
On a lateral knee x-ray, what is a to prevent the joint space from being obscured by shadow of medial femoral condyle?
Fully extend the patients lower leg
Angle the CR 5 degrees cephalad
Rotate the knee so the patella forms a 45 degree angle with the IR
Place the knee joint in 90 degree flexion
35
Which of the following glands is located within the sella turcica?
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Pineal
Pituitary
36
Dynamic Range is defined as the:
Range of exposures that will produce an image without under or overexposure
Number of x-ray photons striking the IR
accurately capture a wide range of photon intensifies that exit the patient
Sharpness of structural lines recorded in the x-ray image
37
What is the most superior portion of the lung?
Base
Hilum
Apex
Costophrenic angle
38
The grieving stage in which patients act as though nothing is wrong with them best describes:
Denial
Acceptance
Depression
Anger
39
Which of these anatomic structures can be used as an indicator of the spatial resolution?
Trabecular bone
Bowel Loops
Fatty tissues
Muscle tissues
40
"Touching a patient without permission or justification" is the legal definition of:
Assault
Battery
Negligence
Malpractice
41
Within DR, bit depth defines the:
smallest exposure difference that can be detected by the digital system
total number of gray shades that can be produced by the digital system
total lp/mm that can be resolved by the digital system
total number of photons striking the digital receptor
42
Because of the line-focus principle, the effective focal spot size decreases with decreasing:
Window thickness
Rotor speed
Target angle
Space charge
43
To evaluate the luminance response of a digital display monitor, one would need to utilize a:
Photometer
Sensitometer
Dosimeter
Densitometer
44
a Jones fracture is associated with which of the following bony structures?
head of 1st metatarsal
tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal
anterior surface of navicular
tuberosity of the calcaneus
45
What is the CR entrance point for a PA projection of the hand?
CMC joint
3rd MCP joint
3rd PIP joint
base of the 3rd metacarpal
46
What effect does decreasing the primary beam field size have on the amount of scatter radiation produced?
Increases amount of scatter radiation produced
Decreases amount of scatter radiation produced
increasing collimation has no effect on the amount of scatter produced
47
Which of the following principles defines the relationship between mA and exposure time?
Reciprocity law
Direct square law
15% rule
Inverse square law
48
Which of the following would be an acceptable treatment for a patient suffering from epistaxis?
tilt head forward and blow the nose
tilt head back and breathe through mouth
place in the recumbent position and breathe through the mouth
tilt head forward and breathe through the mouth
49
which of the following conditions would be an indication for retrograde urethrography?
evaluation of the renal pelvis
urethral obstruction
bladder cancer
history of kidney stones
50
The tech chooses to use a grid for an exam. What effect will this have on the patient exposure?
Increase patient exposure
No effect on patient exposure
Decrease patient exposure
51
General term for legal documents describing a person's wishes if they become unable to make decisions about care is:
Comfort Care Outline
Advanced Health Care Directives
DNR orders
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
52
A patient is scheduled for an arthrogram states that have an allergy to iodinated contrast, what other modality is used?
Nuclear Medicine
Angiography
Sonography
MRI
53
Each of the following images were acquired with a different set of factors. Which image shows saturation?
Image B
Image C
Image A
Image D
54
Which of the following bony structures are commonly associated with two small sesamoid bones?
Medial condyle of the femur
Head of the first metatarsal
Tuberosity of the calcaneus
Apex of the fibula
55
When compression is ordered as part of an IVU procedure, where should the compression paddles be applied?
over the bladder
at the distal ends of the ureters
over the kidneys
at the middle portion of the ureters
56
Collimator misalignment must be within what percentage of the SID?
10%
1%
5%
2%
57
The ileocecal valve is primarily located within which quadrant of the abdomen?
LUQ
RLQ
RUQ
LLQ
58
The AP axial projection of the knee, Beclere method, is used to demonstrate the:
Base of the patella
Proximal tibiofibular joint
Apex of the fibula
Intercondylar fossa
59
What is the primary site of drug metabolism?
Liver
Heart
Kidneys
Small intestine
60
Where should the CR enter for a lateral projection of the coccyx?
2.5 inches posterior to the ASIS
2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis
3.5 inches posterior and 2 inches inferior to the ASIS
at the pubic symphysis
61
Which of the following positioning maneuvers would place the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile laterally?
pronate the hand
place the humeral epicondyles parallel to the IR
flex the elbow 90 degrees
abduct the patients arm
62
The os coxae are found in the:
Wrist
Skull
Foot
Pelvis
63
Changes to the mA or exposure time are known to affect what aspect of the x-ray beam?
Beam energy
Beam intensity
Beam penetrability
Beam hardness
64
Which shell of an atom has the lowest binding energy?
Inner shell
Outer shell
All shells have the same binding energy
K-shell
65
Photons produced outside the actual focal spot are known as:
Off-focus radiation
Isotropic radiation
Ionizing radiation
Leakage radiation
66
Which of the following are major vessels supplying blood to the brain?
subclavian arteries
external carotid arteries
temporal arteries
internal carotid arteries
67
The normal pulse rate for an adult is:
30-40 bpm
60-100 bpm
10-20 bpm
45-55 bpm
68
Streptococcal infections are caused by:
Fungi
Protozoa
Virus
Bacteria
69
Radiation-induced cataracts are classified as a:
Genetic effect
Prodromal effect
Stochastic effect
Deterministic effect
70
What is the annual whole-body radiation dose limit for radiation workers?
1 mSv
150 mSv
5 mSv
50 mSv
71
The phosphor layer in a CR imaging plate is composed of:
Amorphous selenium
Amorphous silicon
Cesium Iodide
Barium fluorohalide
72
According to the NRC, how frequently are occupational dose reports required to be made available to techs?
Annually
Quarterly
Monthly
Semi-Annually
73
What is used to change the grayscale values in the image to a new range of values to improve the image?
LUT
quantization
equalization
VOI
74
The articulation of the frontal bone with the nasal bones is known as the:
Acanthion
Nasion
Glabella
Nasal septum
75
What anatomic structure of the kidney drains directly into the ureter?
Cortex
Major calyces
Medulla
Renal pelvis
76
What position is the first digit in when the palm is pronated and resting flat on the IR?
PA
Oblique
Lateral
AP
77
In radiographic histograms, like the one below, what is being represented on the X-axis?
Frequency of specific exposure values captured by the IR
Range of x-ray energies absorbed by the receptor
Specific exposure values captured by the IR
Number of lp/mm recorded by the IR
78
In order to demonstrate the ankle mortise, how much should the leg and foot be rotated?
45 degrees
No rotation
20-30 degrees
15-20 degrees
79
What type of personnel dosimeter uses aluminum oxide as the absorbing material?
TLD
OSL
Pocket dosimeter
Film badge
80
A tech takes 2 exposure using AEC, first without barium and next with 250 mL of barium. What technique change will occur
decreased exposure time
decreased mA
increased mA
increased exposure time
81
Which of the following components is used to release information stored in a PSP for processing?
laser light
UV light
white light
infrared light
82
What type of bone is the clavicle?
long bone
short bone
irregular bone
flat bone
83
What group of drugs are used to speed up defecation?
Cathartics
diuretics
emetics
depressants
84
Civil law includes which of the following:
Felony
Misdemeanor
Tort
Dispute
85
What layer of the CR imaging plate captures and stores x-ray photons transmitted through the patient?
Light shield (color) layer
Protective layer
Conductive layer
Phosphor layer
86
Radiation safety standards require that collimators be accurate within what percentage of the SID?
25%
2%
10%
5%
87
A patient is brought to the ER after a fall with a deformity. A R humerus series has been ordered. What projections?
AP humerus only since R arm should not be moved
AP humerus and PA oblique scapular Y projection
AP humerus without moving the arm and transthoracic lateral projection
AP and lateral humerus
88
In a radiographic histogram like the one shown below, what does the y-axis represent?
Frequency of specific exposure values captured by the IR
Number of lp/mm recorded by the IR
Specific exposure values captured by the IR
Range of x-ray energies absorbed by the IR
89
A person's core body temp is regulated by what structure?
pancreas
hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
90
During x-ray production, what electron shell is capable of producing the highest-energy photons?
N-shell
M-shell
L-shell
K-shell
91
When is it acceptable for a tech to stand in the path of the primary beam?
when the tech is imaging an uncooperative patient
when the tech instructs the tech to do so
when the tech must restrain the patient during an x-ray procedure
a tech should never stand in the path of the primary beam
92
What age group may have unpredictable reactions during an x-ray exam, sometimes acting mature and other time childlike?
Toddlers (1-3)
Teens (12-17)
Infants (1-0)
Young children (4-11)
93
What is the proper method of preparing the skin surface with an antiseptic prior to a surgical procedure?
beginning in one corner of the region and moving in a linear pattern
beginning outside the area moving in a circle toward center
Beginning in the center and moving toward each corner in a linear pattern
Beginning at the center of the region and moving in a circle outwards
94
What law describes the relationship between absorbed dose and the distance from a radiation source?
Inverse square law
Direct square law
Reciprocity law
Radiosensitivity law
95
What palpable anatomical landmark is generally used to determine the centering point for an AP projection of the knee?
Tibial spines
Femoral epicondyles
Base of the patella
Apex of the patella
96
What should be done when doing an AP axial of the chest in the lordotic position when the position is unable to lean?
CR is angled 15-20 degrees cephalad
CR enters the MSP at the level of the midsternum
Make exposure at the end of second expiration
Use a 48 in SID
97
Keeping all other factors the same, increasing beam filtration results in which of the following?
Decreased patient dose
Decreased spatial resolution
Increased contrast
Increased IR exposure
98
Which projection would BEST demonstrate the mortise joint?
AP oblique with 15-20 degrees of medial rotation
AP oblique with 45 degrees of medial rotation
AP oblique 15-20 degrees of lateral rotation
AP oblique with 45 degrees of lateral rotation
99
Which of the following changes increases the intensity of the anode heel effect?
decreasing SID
decreasing OID
increasing OID
increasing SID
100
To reduce occupational exposure, what is the minimum length required for a mobile x-ray machine's handheld exposure cord
5 ft
3 ft
4 ft
6 ft
101
What does a histogram show in digital radiography?
Distribution of pixel values in an image
Number of brightness levels that can be assigned to a pixel
Size of the digital matrix
Range of exposure values that can be detected by the IR
102
Which of the following could cause excessive IR exposure while using AEC?
Incorrect radiation detector selection
Decreased mA
Decreased kVp
Increased SID
103
Patient participation in a research study is voluntary and should be accompanied by:
informed consent
compensation
guarantee of treatment
an advanced directive
104
Which imaging studies is commonly used if the result of a radiographic metastatic bone survey are inconclusive?
PET
Arthrographi
MRI
CT
105
Which two of the following are included in the total filtration of the x-ray beam?
Gravity filtration
Added filtration
Inherent filtration
Collimation
106
How many HVL are required to decrease beam intensity from 100% t0 12.5%?
5
3
2
4
107
Which of the following tests should be performed to assess the spatial resolution of a digital radiography system?
Line pair gauges test
DAP measurement
HVL measurement
Phantom image analysis
108
Which of the following statements is true about an AP chest x-ray with a patient in a seated position?
patient can take a deeper breath
CR is angled 20 degrees cephalad
positioning is easier for a patient with dyspnea
heart will be magnified more than with a PA position
109
Essential functions of a PACS include which two of the following?
retrieval of digital images
creation of digital images
Voice-activated dictation
storage of digital images
110
What compound is used in flat panel IR to convert incoming photons directly into an electrical signal?
gadolinium oxysulfide
cesium iodide
Amorphous selenium
amorphous silicon
111
When performing an oblique projection of the second toe, the foot should be rotated?
30-45 degrees laterally
15-20 degrees laterally
10-15 degrees medially
30-45 degrees medially
112
Which of the following reflects the correct breathing instructions when performing a supine abdomen procedure?
Exposure is made at the end of expiration
Exposure is made at the end of inhalation
There is no need for breathing instructions
Exposure is made during shallow breathing
113
Identify the structure that is represented by the letter A:
petrous ridge
anterior nasal spine
Coronoid process
maxilla
114
Which portion of the bowel has numerous mucosal folds that give it a feathery appearance on contrast-enhanced studies?
Duodenum
Cecum
Ileum
Jejunum
115
When using AEC which of the following can be used to reduce patient motion while maining proper IR exposure?
Increased grid ratio
Decreased kVp
Increased mA
Decreased back-up timer setting
116
How should linens or bedding that are heavily soiled with body fluids be disposed of?
Placed in a regular laundry hamper
Placed in an outside dumpster
Placed in a bag marked "biohazard"
Placed in the trash receptacle
117
Personnel dosimeters should always be worn at the:
Waist, outside of the lead apron
Collar, inside the lead apron
Collar, outside of the lead apron
Waist, inside of the lead apron
118
Which three post-processing manipulations may lead to a legal issue?
Tech adds a digital anatomic marker after not adding their own
adding a post-processed time stamp for delay images
electronically changing the FOV and cropping anatomy off
not including the patient name and date of the exam on the image
119
When imaging a patient with osteoporosis, failing to adjust the factors could have what effect on IR exposure?
no effect on IR exposure
decreased IR exposure
increased IR exposure
120
The purpose of adding phases and rectifiers in the x-ray circuit is to:
prevent voltage overload
prevent electrical shock
Maintain high voltage
maintain low voltage
121
Which of the following terms refers to a prolapse of a portion of bowel into an adjacent section of bowel?
Hirschsprung Disease
Regional enteritis
Intussusception
Inguinal hernia
122
Which of the following imaging modalities is most commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis
Nuclear Medicine
CT
MRI
Bone densitometry
123
What is the electronic technique chart with preprogrammed technical factors called?
Anatomic exposure control
AEC
Anatomically programmed technique
124
exposure is made using 400 mA, 82 kVp with an AEC. If AEC has 20 ms and back-up timer of 50 ms. What is the largest mAs?
20 mAs
2 mAs
16 mAs
8 mAs
125
Which of the following anatomic structures is located within the RLQ of the abdomen?
Liver
Appendix
Gallbladder
Stomach
126
The international system of units (SI) associated with the measurement of effective dose is the:
Gray
Becquerel
Coulomb/kg
Sv
127
The device pictured below is used to measure which of the following?
Contrast resolution
IR exposure
Spatial Resolution
Geometric distortion
128
What is the degree and direction of tube angulation for an AP axial projection of the sacrum?
15 degrees caudad
10 degree cephalad
15 degrees cephalad
10 degrees caudad
129
What effect does adding more HVL have on the quality of the x-ray beam?
Increased quality
No change in quality
Decreased quality
130
How does decreasing the anode angle affect the severity of the anode heel effect?
it decreases the anode heel effect
it increases the anode heel effect
it does not change the anode heel effect
131
According to NCRP report No. 116, what is the annual dose equivalent limit for the lens of the eye for occupational?
150 mSv
500 mSv
250 mSv
50 mSv
132
During digital image formation, quantization occurs in the:
ADC (analog-to-digital converter)
X-ray tube housing
Detector assembly
Technologist's control console
133
An AP axial outlet projection of the pelvis is used to evaluate the:
Acetabulum and femoral head
SI joints
Ilium and crest
Superior and inferior pubic rami
134
What software program is used for digital documentation of all patient health information?
EMR
PACS
DICOM
ICD-10
135
What thickness of protective shielding is required in the bucky slot cover of a fluoro imaging unit?
0.25 mm Pb eq
0.25 mm Al eq
0.5 mm Al eq
0.5 mm Pb eq
136
When using fluoro equipment, which of the following is directly proportional to the exposure delivered to the patient?
mA
thickness of the filter
target-to-panel or target-to-tabletop distance
Exposure field size
137
what is done to reduce OID between the IR and the carpal bones for a PA wrist?
use the ulnar deviation position
slightly arch the hand by curling the fingers under the palm
slightly rotate the wrist into 10 degree external oblique
lay the hand as flat to the IR as possible
138
The severe convulsive seizure in which a person may have a loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions is:
Focal seizure
Partial seizure
Grand mal seizure
Petit mal
139
Exposure latitude is defined as the:
range of exposures that will produced image without under or over exposure
sharpness of structural recorded in the x-ray image
IR to accurately capture a wide range of photon intensities that exit pt
number of x-ray photons striking the IR
140
Which of the following technical factor adjustments should be made when positive contrast media agents are used?
Increased mAs
Decreased mAs
Decreased kVp
Increased kVp
141
A pt has been in an MVA and is transported to the ER. She has a R hip injury and wearing a c-collar. What projections?
AP pelvis and mediolateral hip
AP pelvis only
AP pelvis and AP hip
AP pelvis and axiolateral hip
142
All fluoro machines must have an exposure switch that is of a deadman type. This type of switch is one that stops:
when the pressure on it is released
after a five minute cumulative time has been reached
automatically
after a pre-set time
143
Which two of the following are important to remember when taking cross table laterals of the C-Spine?
Remove immobilization collar so it does not obscure the cervical spine
Use a 40" SID
Carefully remove metal earrings or jewelry prior to imaging
Do not move the head or neck
144
A patient with a history of Crohns is scheduled for LGI study. What contrast will be required for the exam?
A water soluble iodinated agent
High density barium and air
Carbon dioxide
Thin barium
145
Which two of the following are true when performing AP projection of the scapula?
Patient should reach across the chest and grasp the opposite shoulder
Exposure may be made during shallow breathing
CR enters the body at the level of T7
Arm is abducted 90 degrees wtih the elbow flexed
146
Which bony landmark is directly medial and within same plane as the most prominent point of greater trochanter?
Top of coccyx
ASIS
Pubic symphysis
Center of hip joint
147
Which of the terms refer to the bilateral lower outer margins of the lung fields?
Costophrenic angles
Bases
Apices
Cardiac notches
148
The purpose of a grid is to prevent scatter radiation from:
Being created
Reaching the IR
Reaching the tech
Reaching the patient
149
What type of joint is an IP articulation?
Pivot
Ball and socket
Gliding
Hinge
150
What is the purpose of an analgesic?
Vasodilation
Cardiac arrhythmia
Relief of pain
Decongestion
151
What occurs during the embryonic period of prenatal development from 3-8 weeks post-conception?
Implantation
Organogensis
Preimplantation
Teratogenesis
152
What radiographic positioning landmark corresponds to the location of the anterior nasal spine?
Acanthion
Vertex
Nasion
Inion
153
The distance, measured from center to center, between the detector elements (DELs) is called the:
Pitch
Dynamic range
Bit depth
Matrix size
154
Who is responsible for reporting x-ray equipment malfunctions that could lead to safety issues? (select all that apply)
Dept managers
Radiographers
Radiologists
Service engineers
155
The ability to produce quality x-rays using a wide range of technical factors is called:
Dynamic range
Spatial resolution
Bit depth
Exposure latitude
156
Each image was taken with a different set of technical factors. Which image demonstrates error called noise?
Image C
Image A
Image B
Image D
157
The flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode is referred to as:
Tube potential
Tube current
Tube energy
Tube voltage
158
Which of the following is a common legal consideration when omitting x-ray markers?
omission might be corrected in post-processing
omission may lead to image rejection by radiologists
omission could result in patient and/or part misidentification
omission is acceptable if the image quality is high
159
Why is the chest imaged in the PA position rather than in the AP position?
To minimize the magnification of the heart
To remove the scapulae out of the lung field
To allow the patient to take a deeper breath in
To better visualize the costophrenic angles
160
The proper medical term for a partial collapse of lung tissue is:
Pulmonary Edema
Pleurisy
Atelectasis
Empyema
161
What is the largest known sesamoid bone in the body?
patella
talus
olecranon
calcaneus
162
The dorsal surface of the foot refers to the:
Top surface
Bottom surface
Lateral surface
Medial surface
163
Each of the following images were acquired using a different mAs, results in acceptable patient dose and image quality.
AEC
exposure latitude
Dynamic range
spatial resolution
164
The relationship between kVp and IR exposure is described according to which of the following principles?
15% rule
Inverse square law
Ohms Law
Direct square law
165
Which 2 of the following factors influence the tabletop exposure rate during fluoro procedures?
personnel monitoring
position of the table
kVp
target to panel distance
166
VOI are determined during:
Histogram analysis
Analog data analysis
Grayscale analysis
Value analysis
167
In the lateral position, how far posterior is the sacrum in relation to the ASIS in the sthenic patient?
3.5 inches
2.5 inches
7 inches
5 inches
168
Which two of the following are appropriate uses of electronic annotation during DR imaging?
Indicating sequencing of the projections
Indicating technologist initials
Indicating time of the exam
Indicating laterality (R/L)
169
What is the correct CR angulation and entrance point for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?
10 degrees caudad, 2" superior to the pubic symphysis
10 degrees cephalad, 2" superior to the pubic symphysis
10 degrees cephalad, 2" inferior to the pubic symphysis
10 degrees caudad, 2" inferior to the pubic symphysis
170
Which of the following models used to establish radiation protection standards for stochastic effects of radiation?
Non-linear non-threshold model
Non-linear threshold model
Linear non-threshold model
Linear threshold model
171
The OSHA is responsible for establishing standards for occupational workers for which of the following?
Handling and disposal of hazardous materials
Accrediatation of MRI
CON programs
National patient safety goals
172
Microoragnisms that live on or inside the body without causing disease are termed:
Parasites
Microbial Flora
Endospores
Fungi
173
Which of the cervical vertebrae is also called vertebra prominens?
5th vertebra
1st vertebra
2nd vertebra
7th vertebra
174
Processing an AP lower leg x-ray as an AP abdomen may result in:
reduced dynamic range
incorrect brightness and contrast
excessive dose to the patient
loss of spatial resolution
175
Spatial resolution in DR is defined as the:
total number of photons absorbed by the IR
amount of distortion displayed in the x-ray
structural sharpness recorded in the x-ray
total number of brightness levels in the x-ray
176
When performing an AP axial weight-bearing projecting of feet, what degree and direction of CR angulation is used?
20-30 degrees toward the heel
20-30 degrees toward the toes
10-15 degrees toward the toes
10-15 degrees toward the heel
177
Which method of drug administration will achieve the highest serum concentrations of medication in the shortest time?
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
IV
Oral
178
Which of the following is not part of the small intestines?
Jejunum
Cecum
Ileum
Duodenum
179
Which projection best demonstrates the z-joints of the C-Spine?
AP
Lateral
Posterior oblique
Anterior oblique
180
Which two of the following are considered paralanguage?
Vocal identifiers
Verbal interaction
Content of speech
Tone of voice
181
A patient needs contrast is overweight. The orders were 40% more than the 50 cc dose. How much contrast do we need?
60 cc
75 cc
90 cc
70 cc
182
Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
183
The doc in which patients identify the type of life-sustaining treatments desired at the end of life is referred to as:
Patient's Bills of Rights
DNR
Living will
Durable power of attorney
184
On an AP pelvis x-ray, the feet need to be rotated to what degree to place the femoral neck parallel to the IR?
35-40 degree laterally
5-10 degrees laterally
25-30 degrees medially
15-20 degrees medially
185
The medical condition "spondylolisthesis" refers to:
degenerative disc space disease
inflammation of the spinal cord
degeneration of the vertebrae
forward slipping of the vertebra on the one below it
186
What projection would demonstrate joint spaces associated with the metatarsals on the lateral side of foot?
Lateral oblique foot
medial oblique foot
lateral foot
AP foot
187
Which two of the following x-ray exams require the patient to be NPO for 8-12 hours prior to the procedure?
Barium enema
Upper GI
Cervical myelogram
Shoulder arthrogram
188
Which of the following is a chronic inflammatory disease that is commonly first evident at the MCP joints?
Osteomyelitis
Osteopetrosis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Bursitis
189
What is the name for a disease or infection caused by a healthcare professional or by medical treatment?
Idiopathic disease
Parasitic infection
Septic infection
Iatrogenic disease
190
Which would provide fluoro imaging personnel with the BEST radiation protection?
wearing protective shielding
Reducing time spent in the procedure
Decreased distance from the patient
controlling the fluoro system remotely
191
an abnormally exaggerated posterior convex in the thoracic spine is termed:
Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Lordosis
Spondylosis
192
what modality is considered the gold standard screening tool for breast disease?
diagnostic medical sonography
MRI
mammography
CT
193
When radiographing the pelvis, the top of the IR should be:
3 inches superior to the iliac crests
At the level of the iliac crests
1 - 1.5 inches superior to the iliac crests
At the level of the ASIS
194
What breathing instructions should be given for a lateral sternum x-ray?
Inspiration
Shallow breathing during exposure
No breathing instructions needed
Expiration
195
Patient is lying on their side and leaning forward. Right knee if placed in front of L leg. What is this position?
Sim's position
Anatomic position
Tangential position
Trendelenburg position
196
The proximal bones of the forearm are crossed when the hand is:
supinated
flexed
extended
pronated
197
The NCRP requires that leakage radiation from the fluoro tube must be below:
0.1 mGy/hr at 1 meter from the tube
1 mGy/hr at 1 meter from the tube
100 mGy/hr at 1 meter from the tube
10 mGy/hr at 1 meter from the tube
198
Which of the following is the main controlling factor of IR exposure?
kVp
FSS
mAs
Grid Ratio
199
What is the CR angulation and entrance point for an oblique hand x-ray?
15 degrees cephalad entering third MCP joint
15 degrees caudad entering base of third metacarpal
perpendicular (0 degrees) entering base of third metacarpal
perpendicular (0 degrees) entering third MCP joint
200
Air kerma is expressed in units of:
Roengten
Sv
Gray
Coulomb/kg

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