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Duplicate of Final Review
Duplicate of Final Review
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Review for final exam AP Psychology
Flashcards
60 cards
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Questions
60
Answers
1
In developmental psychology, one plus of a cross-sectional study over longitudinal is:
requires comparatively little time
controls for cognitive ability
controls for gender
controls for cultural influence
2
Which of the following is an example of discrimination learning?
dog trained to drool to a tone doesn't drool to any other
a four-year-old calls her aunt "mommy"
pigeon trained to peck red key sometimes pecks an orange one
a dog still drools to a bell after ten trials of extinction
3
The process by which group decisions may be distorted due to no different viewpoints present?
just-world hypothesis
groupthink
pluralistic ignorance
intellectualizing
4
Hypothetical and deductive thinking are marks of which Piaget stage of cognitive development
formal operations
conservation
concrete operations
preoperational
5
Which best describes the placebo effect?
can be induced by antipsychotic drugs
typically experienced by people in long-term therapy
can be brought about by a person's expectations
found only in people in psychoanalysis
6
Holding a predetermined belief about a group of people is referred to as
self-justification
stereotyping
discrimination
dissonance
7
One way to reduce intergroup conflict is to establish
group polarization
bystander apathy
diffusion of responsibility
superordinate goals
8
In some situations, the larger the number of bystanders, the less likely anyone will help.
diffusion of responsibility
ethnocentrism
altruims
antisocial behavior
9
students get about the same score on the second admin. of a test as they did on the first, its
objective
valid
normed
reliable
10
Of the following, which is essential for operant conditioning to occur?
a stimulus substitution
a behavioral consequence
partial reinforcement
spontaneous recovery
11
Chomsky said understanding a sentence involves which transformation between structures?
perceptual to functional
surface to deep
symbolic to analytic
simple to complex
12
a particular group of brain cells seems to provide a basis for observational learning are:
efferent neurons
motor neurons
mirror neurons
afferent neurons
13
Learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs is called
latent learning
social learning
conceptualization learning
insight learning
14
People who habitually wash their hands numerous times before going to bed most likely have
a compulsion
a phobia
a panic disorder
an affective disorder
15
Using a paper clip to unlock the door to your house is an example of avoiding:
deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning
functional fixedness
syllogistic reasoning
16
According to social learning theory, aggression is the result of which of the following?
post-conventional thought
displacement
modeling
death instinct
17
A standardized test must have all of the following EXCEPT:
uniform instructions
reliabitiy
criteria for scoring
multiple choice questions
18
Certain phobias are more common than others. This is best explained by what concept:
biological preparedness
stimulus discrimination
stimulus generalization
spontaneous recovery
19
A trait that appears in an kid only when both parents have the gene for that trait is called:
recessive
dominant
autosomal
polygenic
20
Negative afterimages are explained by
color detection by rods
the trichromatic theory
dichromatic color perception
opponent-process theory
21
Barbara is a talented architect. Which intelligence will she most heavily rely on?
spatial
naturalist
musical
linguistic
22
Individuals are most likely to obey when demands are made by a
physically attractive individual
subordinate
legitimate authority
close friend
23
Pam gets $ for A's. Her parents are capitalizing on what?
intrinsic motivation
reactance
extrinsic motivation
instinctive needs
24
Which parenting style is characterized by high demands for obedience and low warmth?
authoritarian
neglectful
authoritative
permissive
25
Which of the following explains the role of the thalamus in hunger?
effective in triggering hunger but not depressing it
responds to environmental cues like the sight of food
acts with the endocrine system to control hunger
monitors stomach contractions to determine extent of hunger
26
All of the following a projective tests EXCEPT
sentence completion tests
inkblot tests
TAT
MMPI
27
which would result from an injury to the medulla?
issues regulating hunger
disruption of heartbeat and breathing
visual problems
receptive aphasia
28
Lithium carbonate is used to treat?
anorexia nervosa
dissociative fugue
agoraphobia
bipolar disorder
29
In adult humans, which of the following is typically true of REM sleep?
decreased blood pressure and heart rate
alternates with NREM in 30-minute cycle
correlated with dreaming
marked increase in muscle tone
30
Experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research:
defines the strength of the relation
allows for prediction
establishes a mathematical relation
may reveal a causal relation
31
In memory experiments on free recall, the recency effect refers specifically to the
better recall of items at the middle
better recall of items at the end
diminished recall of items at the end
better recall of items at the beginning
32
Which of the following explains jet lag?
decrease in duration of alpha waves
disruption in circadian rhythm
excessive amounts of NREM sleep
increase in REM rebound
33
Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by:
Schwann cells
T cells
afferent neurons
efferent neurons
34
The belief that behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts is from which theory
biological
behavioral
humanistic
psychoanalytic
35
Weber's and Fechner's law concern the relation between which of the following?
perceived uniformity and size of a stimulus
intensity of stimulus and its corresponding psych sensation
quality of a stimulus and likelihood it is pleasurable
darkness of a room and the time needed for rods to adjust
36
Electrodes are attached to the scalp while data is collected on the activity of the brain
PET
EEG
CT
MRI
37
Difficulty remembering new materials because of previously learned information
repression
proactive interference
reconstruction
cue-dependent forgetting
38
Which is an example of social facilitation?
athlete performs better in front of a crowd than at practice
editor's productivity is better when given a private office
student scores better on test w/ classmates not strangers
kid smiles more to family members than with strangers there
39
When stimuli in a task occur in a predictable way, the processing of the first task is
automatic
sequential
contriolled
top-down
40
Receptors for olfaction are located
basical membrane of the cochlea
in the dermis
taste buds on the tongue
in the nasal cavity
41
Alan goes to the doctor every few weeks thinking something is wrong. What is actually wrong?
personality disorder
mood disorder
anxiety disorder
somatoform disorder
42
Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. What is this?
action potential
refractory period
depolarization
threshold difference
43
A kind of learning that is indicated by the ability to recall a list of words in reverse order?
procedural
state-dependent
latent
serial
44
According to psychoanalytic theory, Tom's constant shoplifting suggests his _ is underdeveloped
defense mechanism
superego
id
ego
45
The Gestalt principle that refers to the tendency to perceive an incomplete figure as whole is:
figure-ground
motion parallax
closure
proximity
46
Which of the following is true about the blind spot in the eye?
occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye
caused by excess bipolar cells in retina
causes by a bleaching of rhodopsin in the rods
most apparent in low levels of light
47
The pitch of a sound is analogous to which of the following features of light?
saturation
hue
size
brightness
48
In an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior is?
dependent variable
control
placebo
hypothesis
49
A person who experiences long episodes of sadness and loss of interest in life might have
agoraphobia
specific phobia
GAD
major depressive disorder
50
In a right handed person, which ability is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere?
spatial reasoning
speech
writing
language comprehension
51
The feeling that you know someone's name, but cannot quite recall it, is an example of
serial position effect
state-dependent memory
retrograde amnesia
tip of the tongue phenomenon
52
Ethical principles created by the APA ensure human participants in research
get paid for time and trouble
have not participated in similar research in the past
keep the purpose of the research confidential
protected from physical and psychological harm
53
Neo-Freudian theories differ from Freud in that they are less likely to
emphasize the libido
call for the use of group therapy as a mode of treatment
account for cognitive development
emphasize the ego
54
The depletion of which neurotransmitter is closely associated with Alzheimer's disease?
dopamine
acetylcholine
norepinephrine
GABA
55
Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?
vivid, distorted images not based on sensory input
improved memory function
slower bodily function
decreased pain sensatio
56
Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs?
marijuana
valium
cocaine
peyote
57
John is usually nice, but gets stressed and becomes irritable. The Big 5 would say John is
high in neuroticism
high in conscientiousness
low in agreeablness
high in introversion
58
Money most often modifies people's behavior because it is a powerful
secondary reinforcer
negative reinforcer
discriminative stimuls
conditioned stimulus
59
Which Freudian construct is believed to protect us from anxiety by making memories go away?
super ego
ego ideal
repression
pleasure principal
60
The function of dendrites is to
secrete neurotransmitters to the post-synaptic neuron
receive info from other neurons
provide energy for the synthesis of acetylcholine
connect the cell body with the terminal branches